Pope Gregory XIV
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(N ICCOLÒ S FONDRATI ).
Born at Somma, near Milan, 11 Feb., 1535; died at Rome, 15 Oct., 1591.
His father Francesco, a Milanese senator, had, after the death of his wife, been created cardinal by Pope Paul III, in 1544. Niccolò studied at the Universities of perugia and Padua, was ordained priest, and then appointed Bishop of Cremona, in 1560. He participated in the sessions of the Council of Trent, 1561-1563, and was created Cardinal-Priest of Santa Cecilia by Gregory XIII on 12 December 1583. Urban VII having died on 27 September, 1590, Sfondrati was elected to succeed him on 5 December, 1590, after a protracted conclave of more than two months, and took the name of Gregory XIV. The new pope had not aspired to the tiara. Cardinal Montalto , who came to his cell to inform him that the Sacred College had agreed on his election, found him kneeling in prayer before a crucifix. When on the next day he was elected he burst into tears and said to the cardinals : " God forgive you! What have you done?" From his youth he had been a man of piety and mortification. Before entering the ecclesiastical state he was a constant companion of Charles Borromeo, and when cardinal, he was an intimate friend of Philip Neri whose holy life he strove to imitate.
As soon as he became pope, he gave his energetic support to the French League, and took active measures against Henry of Navarre, whom Sixtus V, in 1585, had declared a heretic and excluded from succession to the French throne. In accordance with the Salic law, after the death of Henry III in 1589, Henry of Navarre was to succeed to the French throne, but the prevalent idea of those times was that no Protestant could become King of France, which was for the most part Catholic. The nobles, moreover, threatened to rise up against the rule of Henry of Navarre unless he promised to become a Catholic. In order to reconcile the nobility and the people to his reign, Henry declared on 4 August, 1589, that he would become a Catholic and uphold the Catholic religion in France. When Gregory XIV became pope, Henry had not yet fulfilled his promise and gave little hope of doing it in the near future. The pope, therefore, decided to assist the French League in its efforts to depose Henry by force of arms and in this he was encouraged by Philip II of Spain . In his monitorial letter to the Council of Paris, 1 March, 1591, he renewed the sentence of excommunication against Henry, and ordered the clergy, nobles, judicial functionaries, and the Third Estate of France to renounce him, under pain of severe penalties. He also sent a monthly subsidy of 15,000 sendi to Paris, and dispatched his nephew Ercole Sfondrati to France at the head of the papal troops. In the midst of these operations against Henry, Gregory XIV died. after a short pontificate of 10 months and 10 days.
Gregory XIV created five cardinals, among whom was his nephew Paolo Camillo Sfondrati. He vainly tried to induce Philip Neri to accept the purple. On 21 September, 1591, he raised to the dignity of a religious order the Congregation of the Fathers of a Good Death (Clerici regulares ministrantes infirmis) founded by St. Camillus de Lellis. In his Bull "Cogit nos", dated 21 March, 1591, he forbade under pain of excommunication all bets concerning the election of a pope, the duration of a pontificate, or the creation of new cardinals. In a decree, dated 18 April, 1591, he ordered reparation to be made to the Indians of the Philippines by their conquerors wherever it was possible, and commanded under pain of excommunication that all Indian slaves in the islands should be set free. Gregory XIV also appointed a commission to revise the Sixtine Bible and another commission to continue the revision of the Pian Breviary. The former commission had its first session on 7 Feb., 1591, the latter on 21 April, 1591. Concerning these two commissions see Bäumer, "Geschichte des Breviers" (Freiburg im Breisgau, 1895), pp. 479-90.
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Pá 2
Pá 2
Pápago Indians
An important tribe of Shoshonean linguistic stock, speaking a dialect of the Pima language and ...Pázmány, Peter
A famous Hungarian ecclesiastic of the seventeenth century; died 19 March, 1637. He was born of ...Pé 3
Pé 3
Pérez de Hita, Ginés
Spanish writer, born at Murcia. Little is known of his life except that he lived during the ...Périgueux
(PETROCORICENSIS) Comprises the Department of Dordogne and is suffragan to the Archbishopric of ...Pétau, Denis
(DIONYSIUS PETAVIUS) One of the most distinguished theologians of the seventeenth century, ...Pa 223
Pa 223
Pacandus
Titular see, recorded under "Pacanden." Among the titular sees in the official list of the Curia ...Pacca, Bartolommeo
Cardinal, scholar, and statesman, b. at Benevento, 27 Dec., 1756; d. at Rome, 19 Feb., 1844; ...Pachomius, Saint
Died about 346. The main facts of his life will be found in MONASTICISM (Section II: Eastern ...Pachtler, George Michael
Controversial and educational writer, b. at Mergentheim, Wurtemberg, 14 Sept., 1825; d. at ...Pacificus
A disciple of St. Francis of Assisi, born probably near Ascoli, Italy, in the second half of ...Pacificus of Ceredano, Blessed
(Also known as Pacificus of Novara, or Novariensis ). Born 1420 at Cerano, in the Diocese ...Pacificus of San Severino, Saint
Born at San Severino, in the parents died soon after his confirmation when three years old; he ...Pacioli, Lucas
(Paciuolo.) Mathematician, born at Borgo San Sepolco, Tuscany, toward the middle of the ...Paderborn
(Paderbornensis) Suffragan diocese of Cologne, includes: the District of Minden, ...Padilla, Juan de
Friar Minor, protomartyr of the United States of America , member of the Andalusian province, ...Padua
(Patavina) Diocese in northern Italy. The city is situated on a fertile plain and is ...Padua, University of
The University of Padua dates, according to some anonymous chronicles (Muratori, "Rer. Ital. ...Paganism
Paganism, in the broadest sense includes all religions other than the true one revealed by God, ...Pagano, Mario
Jurisconsult and man of letters, born in Brienza, Province of Salerno, 8 Dec., 1748; died at ...Page, Venerable Anthony
English martyr, born at Harrow-on-the-Hill, Middlesex, 1571; died at York, 20 or 30 April, 1593. ...Pagi, Antoine
French ecclesiastical historian. Born 31 March, 1624, at Rognes in the Department of ...Pagi, François
French ecclesiastical historian, nephew of Antoine Pagi. Born 7 September, 1654, at Lambesc in ...Pagnino, Santes
(Or XANTES) A Dominican, born 1470 at Lucca, Tuscany ; died 24 Aug., 1541, at Lyons, one of ...Painting, Religious
Painting has always been associated with the life of the Church. From the time of the ...Pakawá Indians
(Also written Pacoá) One of a group of cognate tribes, hence designated the ...Palæography
( palaia , "ancient", graphe , "writing") The art of deciphering ancient writing in ...Palæontology
( logos ton palaion onton ) Palæ ontology, or the science of fossils, deals with ...Palafox y Mendoza, Juan de
Bishop of La Puebla de Los Angeles, b. at Fitero in Navarre, 24 June, 1600; d. at Osma in ...Palasor, Venerable Thomas
( Or Palliser). English martyr, born at Ellerton-upon-Swale, parish of Catterick, North ...Palatinate, Rhenish
( German Rheinpfalz ). A former German electorate. It derives its name from the title of a ...Palatini
( Latin palatium , palace) The designation, primarily, of certain high officials in the ...Palawan
Prefecture Apostolic in the Philippine Islands ; comprises Palawan, Cuyo, Culion, Twahig, and ...Palencia
(PALENTINA) This Diocese comprises the civil provinces of Palencia, Santander, Valladolid, ...Paleopolis
(Palæopolis) A titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus. The history of this ...Paleotti, Gabriele
Cardinal and Archbishop of Bologna. Born at Bologna, 4 October, 1522; died at Rome, 22 July, ...Palermo
Archdiocese of Palermo (Panormitana), in Sicily. The city is built on an inlet of the ...Palermo, University of
The Convent of St. Dominic of Palermo may be considered the nucleus of the future University of ...Palestrina
(PBÆNESTINENSIS) The town of Palestrina, in the province of Rome, central Italy, is the ...Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da
The greatest composer of liturgical music of all time, born at Palestrina (ancient ...Paley, Frederick Apthorp
Classical scholar, born at Easingwold near York, 14 Jan., 1815; died at Bournemouth, 9 December, ...Pall
A heavy, black cloth, spread over the coffin in the church at a funeral, or over the catafalque ...Pall, Funeral
A black cloth usually spread over the coffin while the obsequies are performed for a deceased ...Palladio, Andrea
Italian architect, born at Vicenza 1508; died at Venice, 19 August, 1580. There is a tradition ...Palladius
( Palladios ) Born in Galatia, 368; died probably before 431. The identity of the author of ...Palladius, Saint
First bishop sent by Pope Celestine to Ireland (431). The chronicle of the contemporary St. ...Pallavicino, Pietro Sforza
A cardinal, born 28 Nov., 1607; died 5 June, 1667. Descended from the line of Parma of the ...Pallium
Form and Use of the Modern Pallium The modern pallium is a circular band about two inches wide, ...Pallotti, Vincent Mary
The founder of the Pious Society of Missions , born at Rome, 21 April, 1798 [other sources say ...Palm in Christian Symbolism
In pre-Christian times the palm was regarded as a symbol of victory (Aulus Gellius, "Noct. Att.", ...Palm Sunday
The sixth and last Sunday of Lent and beginning of Holy Week, a Sunday of the highest rank, ...Palma Vecchio
(JACOPO NIGRETI) Born at Serinalta near Bergamo, about 1480; d. at Venice, 30 July 1528. ...Palmer, William
Born at Mixbury, Oxfordshire, 12 July, 1811; died at Rome, 4 April, 1879; the elder brother of ...Palmieri, Domenico
A theologian, born at Piacenza, Italy, 4 July, 1829; died in Rome, 29 May, 1909. He studied in ...Palmieri, Luigi
Physicist and meteorologist, b. at Faicchio, Benevento, Italy, 22 April, 1807; d. in Naples, 9 ...Palmyra
Titular metropolitan see in Phoenicia Secunda. Solomon ( 1 Kings 9:18 ) built Palmira (A. V. ...Palou, Francisco
A Friar Minor, born at Palma, Island of Majorca, about 1722; died in 1789 or 1790. He entered the ...Paltus
A titular see and suffragan of Seleucia Pieria in Syria Prima. The town was founded by a ...Paludanus, Peter
(PETRUS DE PALUDE) A theologian and archbishop, born in the County of Bresse, Savoy, about ...Pamelius
(Jacques de Joigny De Pamele). Belgian theologian, born at Bruges, Flanders, 13 May, 1536; ...Pamiers
(APAMÆA) A Diocese comprising the Department of Ariège, and suffragan of ...Pammachius, Saint
Roman senator, d. about 409. In youth he frequented the schools of rehetoric with St. Jerome. In ...Pamphilus of Cæsarea, Saint
Martyred 309. Eusebius's life of Pamphilus is lost, but from his "Martyrs of Palestine" we ...Pamplona
(PAMPILONENSIS) This Diocese comprises almost all of Navarre and part of Guipuzcoa. This ...Panama
Located in Central America, occupies the Isthmus of Panama, or Darien, which extends east and west ...Pancratius and Domitilla, Nereus and Achilleus, Saints
The commemoration of these four Roman saints is made by the Church on 12 May, in common, and ...Pandects
(PANDECTÆ, or DIGESTA) This part of Justinian's compilation was his most important ...Pandulph
A papal legate and Bishop of Norwich, died at Rome, 16 Sept., 1226. He is commonly but ...Panemotichus
A titular see of Pamphylia Secunda, suffragan of Perge. Panemotichus coined money during the ...Pange Lingua Gloriosi
The opening words of two hymns celebrating respectively the Passion and the Blessed Sacrament. ...Panigarola, Francesco
A preacher and controversialist, Bishop of Asti, born at Milan, 6 Feb., 1548; died at Asti, 31 ...Pannartz, Arnold
See also KONRAD SWEYNHEIM . Both printers; Pannartz died about 1476, Sweinheim in 1477. ...Pano Indians
A former important mission tribe on the middle Ucayali River, Peru, being the principal of a group ...Panopolis
A titular see, suffragan of Antinoe in Thebais Prima; the ancient Apu or Khimmin which the ...Panpsychism
(Greek pan , all; psyche , soul ) Panpsychism is a philosophical theory which holds ...Pantænus
Head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria about 180 ( Eusebius, "Hist. eccl.", V, x), still ...Pantaleon, Saint
Martyr, died about 305. According to legend he was the son of a rich pagan, Eustorgius of ...Pantheism
(From Greek pan , all; theos , god). The view according to which God and the world are ...Panvinio, Onofrio
Historian and archaeologist, born at Verona, 23 February, 1530; died at Palermo, 7 April, 1568. ...Panzani, Gregorio
Bishop of Mileto, died early in 1662. He was a secular priest of Arezzo, having left the ...Paoli, Venerable Angelo
Born at Argigliano, Tuscany, 1 Sept., 1642; died at Rome, 17 January, 1720. The son of Angelo ...Papacy, The
This term is employed in an ecclesiastical and in an historical signification. In the former of ...Papal Arbitration
An institution almost coeval with the papacy itself. The principle of arbitration presupposes ...Papal Elections
For current procedures regarding the election of the pope, see Pope John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic ...Papal Mint
The right to coin money being a sovereign prerogative, there can be no papal coins of earlier ...Papal Rescripts
( Latin re-scribere , "to write back") Rescripts are responses of the pope or a Sacred ...Papal States
( Italian Lo Stato della Chiese ) Consists of the civil territory which for over 1000 years ...Paphnutius
I The most celebrated personage of this name was bishop of a city in the Upper Thebaid in the ...Paphos
A titular see, suffragan of Salamis in Cyprus. There were two towns of this name, Old Paphos ...Papias, Saint
Bishop of Hierapolis (close to Laodicea and Coloss Colossae aelig; in the valley of the ...Papiensis, Bernardus
An Italian canonist of the thirteenth century; died 18 Sept., 1213. He was born at Pavia, ...Papini, Nicholas
An historian, born at San Giovanni Valdarno, between Florence and Arezzo, about 1751; died at ...Parætonium
Parætonium, a titular see of Lybia Secunda or Inferior (i.e. Marmarica), suffragan of ...Paré, Ambroise
French surgeon, born at Bourg-Hersent, near Laval, department of Maine, 1517; died 20 ...Parœcopolis
A titular see of Macedonia, suffragan of Thessalonica. It is mentioned by Ptolemy (III, 13, ...Para du Phanjas, François
Writer, b. at the castle of Phanja Champsaur, Basses-Alpes, 1724; d. at Paris, 1797. After his ...Parables
The word parable (Hebrew mashal ; Syrian mathla , Greek parabole ) signifies in general ...Parabolani
paraboloi, parabalanoi The members of a brotherhood who in the Early Church voluntarily ...Paracelsus, Theophrastus
Celebrated physician and reformer of therapeutics, b. at the Sihlbrücke, near Einsiedeln, ...Paraclete
Paraclete, Comforter (L. Consolator ; Greek parakletos ), an appellation of the Holy Ghost. ...Paradise, Terrestrial
( paradeisos , Paradisus ). The name popularly given in Christian tradition to the ...Paraguay
One of the inland republics of South America, separated from Spain and constituted as an ...Parahyba
(PARAHYBENESIS) Located in the State of Parahyba, Brazil, suffragan of Bahia, founded 27 ...Paralipomenon, Books of
( Paraleipomenon ; Libri Paralipomenon ). Two books of the Bible containing a summary of ...Parallelism
The balance of verse with verse, an essential and characteristic feature in Hebrew poetry. Either ...Parallelism, Psycho-Physical
A doctrine which states that the relation between mental processes, on the one hand, and ...Paralus
A titular see, suffragan of Cabasa in Ægyptus Secunda. One of the seven mouths of the ...Paraná
(PARANENSIS) Suffragan of Buenos Aires, in Argentina until recently, comprised two civil ...Parasceve
(Gr. paraskevé ); seems to have supplanted the older term prosábbaton , used ...Paray-le-Monial
A town of five thousand inhabitants in the Department of Sâone-Loire, Diocese of Autun , ...Pardies, Ignace-Gaston
French scientist, b. at Pau, 5 Sept., 1636; d. of fever contracted whilst ministering to the ...Pardons of Brittany
Pardon, from the Latin perdonare , — assimilated in form to donum , a gift, middle ...Paredes, Blessed Mary Anne de
Born at Quito, Ecuador, 31 Oct. 1618; died at Quito, 26 May, 1645. On both sides of her family ...Pareja, Francisco
Missionary, probably born at Auñon in the Diocese of Toledo, Spain, date unknown; died ...Parents
( Latin parere , to beget) I. DUTIES OF PARENTS TOWARDS THEIR CHILDREN In the old pagan ...Parenzo-Pola
(PARENTINA-POLENSIS) The little town of Parenzo is picturesquely situated on a promontory ...Parini, Giuseppe
Italian poet, born at Bosisio, 23 May, 1729; died at Milan, 15 Aug., 1799. Parini was early ...Paris
ARCHDIOCESE OF PARIS (PARIBIENSIS) See also UNIVERSITY OF PARIS . Paris comprises the ...Paris Commune, Martyrs of the
The secular priests and the religious who were murdered in Paris, in May 1871, on account of ...Paris, Alexis-Paulin
Philologist, born at Avenay, Marne, France, 25 March, 1800; died 13 Feb., 1881. Having finished ...Paris, Gaston-Bruno-Paulin
A French philologist, son of Paulin, born at Avenay (Marne), 9 August, 1839; died at Cannes, 6 ...Paris, Matthew
Benedictine monk and chronicler, b. about 1200; d. 1259. There seems no reason to infer from the ...Paris, University of
See also ARCHDIOCESE OF PARIS . Origin and Early Organization Three schools were especially ...Parish
(Latin par&ligcia, parochia , Greek paroikia , a group of neighbouring dwellings). I. ...Parium
Titular see, suffragan of Cyzicus in the Hellespontus. The Acts of the martyr St. Onesiphorus ...Park, Abbey of the
Located half a mile south of Louvain, Belgium, founded in 1129 by Duke Godfrey, surnamed ...Parkinson, Anthony
An historian, born in England, 1667; died there 30 January, 1728. In 1692 he was appointed ...Parlais
A titular see of Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch. As a Roman colony it was called Julia Augusta ...Parlatore, Filippo
Italian botanist, b. at Palermo, 8 Aug., 1816; d. at Florence, 9 Sept., 1877, a devout and ...Parma
Located in central Italy. The city is situated on the river of the same name, an affluent of the ...Parmentier, Antoine-Augustin
An agriculturist, born at Montdidier, 17 August, 1737; died in Paris, 13 Dec., 1813. Left an orphan ...Parmigiano, Il
(THE PARMESAN) The current name of FRANCESCO MAZZUOLA, MAZZOLA, MAZZUOLI, or MAZZOLI, Italian ...Parnassus
A titular see in Cappadocia Secunda, suffragan of Mocessus. Situated between Ancyra and ...Parochial Mass
The parish is established to provide the parishioners with the helps of religion, especially ...Parochial Missions, Catholic
This term is used to designate certain special exertions of the Church's pastoral agencies, ...Parrenin, Dominique
Born at Russey, near Besançon, 1 Sept., 1665; died at Pekin, 29 Sept., 1741. He entered ...Parsis
(PARSEES). A small community in India, adherents of the Zoroastrian religion and originally ...Particular Judgment
A. Dogma of Particular Judgment The Catholic doctrine of the particular judgment is this: that ...Partnership
Partnership, an unincorporated association of two or more persons, known as partners, having for ...Paruta, Paolo
Venetian historian and statesman, born at Venice, 14 May, 1540; died there, 6 Dec., 1598. Of a ...Pascal Baylon, Saint
Born at Torre-Hermosa, in the Kingdom of Aragon, 24 May, 1540, on the Feast of Pentecost, called ...Pascal, Blaise
Born at Clermont-Ferrand, 19 June 1623; died in Paris, 19 August 1662. He was the son of Etienne ...Pasch
Jews of all classes and ways of thinking look forward to the Passover holidays with the same ...Paschal Candle
The blessing of the "paschal candle ", which is a column of wax of exceptional size, usually ...Paschal I, Pope
(817-824) The date of his birth is unknown; he died in April, May, or June, 824. He was the ...Paschal II, Pope
(RAINERIUS). Succeeded Urban II, and reigned from 13 Aug., 1099, till he died at Rome, 21 ...Paschal III (Antipope)
(GUIDO OF CREMA) The second antipope in the time of Alexander III. He was elected in 1164 ...Paschal Lamb
A lamb which the Israelites were commanded to eat with peculiar rites as a part of the ...Paschal Tide
I. LITURGICAL ASPECT The fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost are called by the older ...Paschasius Radbertus, Saint
Theologian, b. at Soissons, 786; d. in the Monastery of Corbie, c. 860 (the date 865 is ...Paschasius, Saint
A deacon of the Roman Church about 500; died after 511. Almost all that is known of Paschasius ...Passaglia, Carlo
Born at Lucca, 9 May, 1812; died at Turin, 12 March, 1887. He entered the Society of Jesus in ...Passau
(PASSAVIENSIS) Located in Bavaria, suffragan of Munich-Freising, including within its ...Passerat, Joseph, Venerable
Born 30 April, 1772, at Joinville, France ; died 30 October, 1858. The difficulties he had to ...Passignano, Domenico
(known as IL CRESTI, or IL PASSIGNANO, Cresti being his family name) A Venetian painter, ...Passion Music
Precisely when, in the development of the liturgy, the history of the Passion of Our Lord ...Passion of Christ, Commemoration of the
A feast kept on the Tuesday after Sexagesima. Its object is the devout remembrance and honour ...Passion of Jesus Christ
See also THE PASSION OF CHRIST IN THE GOSPELS . The sufferings of Our Lord, which culminated ...Passion of Jesus Christ in the Four Gospels
See also DEVOTION TO THE PASSION OF CHRIST . We have in the Gospels four separate accounts ...Passion Offices
The recitation of these offices, called also Of the Instruments of the Passion, was first granted ...Passion Plays
The modern drama does not originate in the ancient, but in the religious plays of the Middle ...Passion Sunday
The fifth Sunday of Lent, a Sunday of the first class, not permitting the celebration of any ...Passionei, Domenico
A cardinal, theologian, born at Fossombrone, 2 Dec., 1682; died 5 July, 1761. Educated in the ...Passionists
The full title of the Passionist institute is: The Congregation of Discalced Clerks of the Most ...Passions
By passions we are to understand here motions of the sensitive appetite in man which tend ...Passiontide
The two weeks between Passion Sunday and Easter. The last week is Holy Week, while the first ...Passos
(Or, more fully, Santos Passos ) The Portuguese name locally used to designate certain ...Passover
Jews of all classes and ways of thinking look forward to the Passover holidays with the same ...Pasteur, Louis
Chemist, founder of physio-chemistry, father of bacteriology, inventor of bio-therapeutics; born ...Pasto, Diocese of
(PASTENSIS, PASTOPOLITANA). A Colombian see, suffragan of Popayan, from which it was separated ...Pastor
This term denotes a priest who has the cure of souls ( cura animarum ), that is, who is ...Pastoral Epistles (Timothy and Titus)
(T HE P ASTORALS STS. TIMOTHY AND TITUS Saints Timothy and Titus were two of the most beloved ...Pastoral Staff
(Or PASTORAL STAFF). The crosier is an ecclesiastical ornament which is conferred on bishops ...Pastoral Theology
Pastoral theology is the science of the care of souls. This article will give the definition of ...Pastoureaux, Crusade of the
One of the most curious of the popular movements inspired by a desire to deliver the Holy Land. ...Patagonia
Patagonia is the name given to the southernmost extremity of South America. Its boundary on the ...Patara
Titular see of Lycia, suffragan of Myra, formerly a large cornmercial town, opposite Rhodes. ...Paten
The eucharistic vessel known as the paten is a small shallow plate or disc of precious metal upon ...Patenson, Venerable William
Venerable William Patenson, English martyr , born in Yorkshire or Durham ; died at Tyburn, 22 ...Pater Noster
Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ...Pathology, Mental
This subject will be considered under the following headings: I. Localization of Mental ...Patmore, Coventry
One of the major poets of the nineteenth century, in spite of the small bulk of his verse, born at ...Patmos
A small volcanic island in the Ægean Sea, off the coast of Asia Minor, to the south of Samos ...Patras
A metropolitan see in Achaia. It was one of the twelve ancient cities of Achaia, built near ...Patriarch
The word patriarch as applied to Biblical personages comes from the Septuagint version, where ...Patriarch and Patriarchate
Names of the highest ecclesiastical dignitaries after the pope, and of the territory they rule. ...Patrician Brothers
(Or BROTHERS OF SAINT PATRICK). This Brotherhood was founded by the Right Rev. Dr. Daniel ...Patrick's Purgatory, Saint
Lough Derg, Ireland. This celebrated sanctuary in Donegal, in the Diocese of Clogher, dates ...Patrick, Saint
Apostle of Ireland, born at Kilpatrick, near Dumbarton, in Scotland, in the year 387; died at ...Patrizi, Francis Xavier
Jesuit exegete, b. at Rome, 19 June, 1797; d. there 23 April, 1881. He was the eldest son and ...Patrology
Patrology, the study of the writings of the Fathers of the Church, has more commonly been known ...Patron and Patronage
I By the right of patronage ( ius patronatus ) is understood a determinate sum of rights ...Patron Saints
A patron is one who has been assigned by a venerable tradition, or chosen by election, as a ...Patronage of Our Lady, Feast of the
It was first permitted by Decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites, 6 May, 1679, for all the ...Patti, Diocese of
(PACTENSIS) Patti, in the Province of Messina (Sicily), on the western shore of the gulf of ...Paul and John, Saints
Martyred at Rome on 26 June. The year of their martyrdom is uncertain according to their ...Paul I, Pope
(757-67) Date of birth unknown; died at Rome, 28 June, 767. He was a brother of Stephen II. ...Paul II, Pope
(PIETRO BARBO) Born at Venice, 1417; elected 30 August, 1464; died 26 July, 1471; son of ...Paul III, Pope
(A LESSANDRO F ARNESE ). Born at Rome or Canino, 29 Feb., 1468; elected, 12 Oct., 1534; ...Paul IV, Pope
(G IOVANNI P IETRO C ARAFFA ). Born near Benevento, 28 June, 1476; elected 23 May, ...Paul of Burgos
(PAUL DE SANTA MARIA; Jewish name, SOLOMON HA-LEVI) A Spanish archbishop, lord chancellor and ...Paul of Middelburg
A scientist and bishop, born in 1446 at Middelburg, the ancient capital of the province of ...Paul of Samosata
Bishop of Antioch. Several synods, probably three, were held against him about 264-66. St. ...Paul of the Cross, Saint
Paul Francis Daneii, born at Ovada, Genoa, Italy, 3 January, 1694; died in Rome, 18 October, 1775. ...Paul the Deacon
(Paulus Diaconus; also called Casinensis, Levita, and Warnefridi). Historian, born at ...Paul the Hermit, Saint
There are three important versions of the Life of St. Paul: (1) the Latin version ( H ) of St. ...Paul the Simple, Saint
The story of Paul, as Palladius heard it from men who had known St. Anthony, was as follows: ...Paul V, Pope
(CAMILLO BORGHESE). Born at Rome, 17 Sept., 1550; elected 16 May, 1605; died 28 Jan., 1621. ...Paul, Saint
I. PRELIMINARY QUESTIONS A. Apocryphal Acts of St. Paul Professor Schmidt has published a ...Paul-without-the-Walls, Saint
( San Paolo fuori le mura ). An abbey nullius. As early as 200 the burial place of the ...Paula, Saint
Born in Rome, 347; died at Bethlehem, 404. She belonged to one of the first families of Rome. ...Pauli, Johannes
Born about 1455; died after 1530 in the monastery at Thann in Alsace. What little is known of ...Paulicians
A dualistic heretical sect, derived originally from Manichaeism. The origin of the name ...Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo
(PHILIP WESDIN). Missionary and Orientalist, b. at Hoff in Lower Austria, 25 Apr., 1748; d. ...Paulinus II, Saint
Born at Premariacco, near Cividale, Italy, about 730-40; died 802. Born probably of a Roman ...Paulinus of Pella
Christian poet of the fifth century; b. at Pella in Macedonia, but of a Bordelaise family. He ...Paulinus, Saint
Archbishop of York, died at Rochester, 10 October, 644. He was a Roman monk in St. Andrew's ...Paulinus, Saint
(Pontius Meropius Anicius Paulinus). Born at Bordeaux about 354; died 22 June, 431. He ...Paulist Fathers
Otherwise known as the "Paulist Fathers" A community of priests for giving missions and ...Paulists
From the time that the abode and virtues of St. Paul the first hermit were revealed to St. ...Paulus Diaconus
(Paulus Diaconus; also called Casinensis, Levita, and Warnefridi). Historian, born at ...Paulus Venetus
Theologian of the Hermits of the Order of Saint Augustine, born according to the chroniclers of ...Pavia
(PAPIA) Located in Lombardy, Northern Italy. It is situated in a fertile plain; the city is ...Pavia, University of
Pavia was, even in Roman times, a literary centre (Ennodius); as the capital of the Lombard ...Pavillon, Nicolas
Bishop of Alet, b. at Paris 1597; d. at Alet, 1677. He joined the community of St-Lazare, ...Pax
(Osculatorium, Tabula Pacis, Lapis Pacis). A tablet to be kissed. The primitive usage in the ...Pax in the Liturgy
Pax vobis (or vobiscum ), like the other liturgical salutations (e.g. Dominus vobiscum ), ...Payeras, Mariano
Born 10 Oct., 1769, at Inca, Island of Majorca; died 28 April, 1823. He received the habit of St. ...Payne, Blessed John
Born in the Diocese of Peterborough ; died at Chelmsford, 2 April, 1582. He went to Douai in ...Pe 170
Pe 170
Peña, Francisco
(PEGNA) A canonist, born at Villaroya de los Pinares, near Saragossa, about 1540; died at ...Peñalver y Cardenas, Luis Ignatius
Bishop of New Orleans, Archbishop of Guatemala, son of a wealthy and noble family ; born ...Peace Congresses
I. EARLY HISTORY The genesis of the idea of a meeting of representatives of different nations ...Peace of the Church
This is the designation usually applied to the condition of the Church after the publication at ...Peasants, War of the (1524-25)
A revolt of the peasants of southern and central Germany, the causes of which are disputed as a ...Peba Indians
(Or Peva ) The principal of a small group of cognate tribes, comprising the Peba proper, ...Pecham, John
(PECCHAM) Archbishop of Canterbury, born about 1240; died 6 December, 1292. His birthplace ...Pecock, Reginald
(PEACOCK) Bishop of Chichester, born in North Wales about 1395; died at Thorney Abbey about ...Pectoral
("Pectoral of judgment"). The original meaning of the Hebrew term has been lost, and little ...Pectorale
( Crux Pectoralis ). The name of the cross used by the pope, cardinals, bishops, abbots, ...Pectorius of Autun
The name with which the important document frequently known as the Inscription of Autun ...Pednelissus
(Petnelissus). A titular see in Pamphylia Secunda, suffragan of Perge. In ancient times ...Pedro de Cordova
Born at Cordova, Andalusia, Spain, about 1460; died on the Island of Santo Domingo, 1525. He ...Pelagia
The name of several saints. The old Syrian martyrology gives the feast of a St. Pelagia of ...Pelagius and Pelagianism
Pelagianism received its name from Pelagius and designates a heresy of the fifth century, which ...Pelagius I, Pope
Date of birth unknown; died 3 March, 561, was a Roman of noble family ; his father, John, seems ...Pelagius II, Pope
The date of whose birth is unknown, seemingly a native of Rome, but of Gothic descent, as his ...Pelargus, Ambrose
Theologian, born at Nidda, Hesse, about 1488; died at Trier, 1557. Stork (Greek Pelargon , ...Pelisson-Fontanier, Paul
French writer, born at Béziers in 1624 of Protestant parents ; died at Versailles, 7 ...Pella
A titular see and suffragan of Scythopolis in Palaestina Secunda. According to Stephanus ...Pelletier, Pierre-Joseph
Born in Paris, 22 March, 1788; died there, 19 July, 1842. His father, Bertrand Pelletier, a ...Pellico, Silvio
Italian author and patriot, born at Saluzzio, Italy, 24 June, 1788; died at Turin 31 Jan., ...Pellissier, Guillaume
(PELLICIER) Born at Melgueil in Languedoc, about 1490; died at the castle of Montferraud, ...Pelotas
(PELOTASENSIS) Located in Brazil, suffragan to Porto Alegre. By a decree of Pius X, dated ...Pelouze, Théophile-Jules
Scientist, b. at Valognes, La Manche, 26 Feb., 1807; d. in Paris, 31 May or 1 June, 1867. He began ...Peltrie, Madeleine de la
née CHAUVIGNY A French noblewoman, and foundress, born at Caen, 1603; died at Quebec, ...Pelusium
A titular metropolitan see of Augustamnica Prima in Egypt, mentioned in Ezech., xxx, 15 sq., ...Pembroke
(PEMBROKIENSIS) A suffragan of Ottawa, in Canada. The town of Pembroke has a beautiful ...Penal Laws
This article treats of the penal legislation affecting Catholics in English-speaking countries ...Penance (as a Virtue)
Penance ( poenitentia ) designates (1) a virtue ; (2) a sacrament of the New Law; (3) a ...Penance, Sacrament of
Penance is a sacrament of the New Law instituted by Christ in which forgiveness of sins ...Pendleton, Henry
Controversialist, born at Manchester ; died in London, September, 1557; educated at Brasenose ...Penelakut Indians
A small tribe of Salishan stock, speaking a dialect of the Cowichan language and occupying a ...Penitentes, Los Hermanos
(The Penitent Brothers), a society of flagellants existing among the Spanish of New Mexico and ...Penitential Canons
Rules laid down by councils or bishops concerning the penances to be done for various sins. ...Penitential Orders
A general name for religious congregations whose members are bound to perform extraordinary works ...Penitents, Confraternities of
Congregations, with statutes prescribing various penitential works, such as fasting, the use of ...Penne and Atri, Diocese of
(Pennensis et Atriensis). Penne is a city in the Province of Teramo, in the Abruzzi, central ...Pennsylvania
One of the thirteen original United States of America , lies between 39° 43' and 42° 15' ...Penobscot Indians
The principal tribe of the famous Abnaki confederacy of Maine, and the only one still keeping its ...Pension, Ecclesiastical
The right to a certain sum of money to be paid yearly out of the revenues of a church or ...Pentacomia
A titular see of Palestine, suffragan of Areopolis or Rabbah. It was never a residential see; ...Pentapolis
The word, occurring in Wisdom, x, 6, designates the region where stood the five cities ( pente, ...Pentateuch
Pentateuch , in Greek pentateuchos , is the name of the first five books of the Old ...Pentecost
A feast of the universal Church which commemorates the Descent of the Holy Ghost upon the ...Pentecost (Jewish Feast)
The second in importance of the great Jewish feasts. The term, adopted from the ...Peoria
(PEORIENSIS). Diocese comprising that part of Central Illinois south of the Counties of ...Peoria Indians
A principal tribe of the confederated Illinois Indians (q.v.) having their chief residence, in the ...Pepin the Short
Mayor of the Palace of the whole Frankish kingdom (both Austrasia and Neustria), and later King ...Peppergrass, Paul
Novelist, lecturer, and priest, well known under the assumed name of "Paul Peppergrass", born in ...Perboyre, Blessed Jean-Gabriel
Missionary and martyr, born at Puech, Diocese of Cahors, France, 6 January, 1802; martyred at ...Percy, Blessed Thomas
Earl of Northumberland, martyr, born in 1528; died at York, 22 August, 1572. He was the eldest ...Percy, John
( alias JOHN FISHER) Born at Holmeside, Durham, 27 Sep., 1569; died at London, 3 Dec., ...Peregrinus
The canons of Priscillian, prefixed to the Epistles of St. Paul in many (chiefly Spanish) ...Pereira, Benedict
(PEREYRA, PERERA, PERERIUS) Philosopher, theologian, and exegete, born about 1535, at Ruzafa, ...Perez, Juan
Died before 1513. At one time he held the office of contador or accountant to the Queen of ...Perfection, Christian and Religious
A thing is perfect in which nothing is wanting of its nature, purpose, or end. It may be perfect ...Pergamus
A titular see, suffragan of Ephesus. This city was situated on the banks of the Selinus. It was ...Perge
Titular metropolitan see in Pamphylia Secunda. Perge, one of the chief cities of Pamphylia, was ...Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista
Born at Naples, 3 Jan., 1710; d. 16 March, 1736, at Pozzuoli, near Naples. This young man of ...Pericui Indians
A rude and savage tribe, of unknown linguistic affinity, formerly occupying the extreme southern ...Periodi
(P ETRI ) The name under which the Pseudo-Clementine writings are quoted by Epiphanius, ...Periodical Literature, Catholic
The invention of printing, besides exerting a great influence on literature in general and on ...Perjury
(Latin per , through and jurare , to swear) Perjury is the crime of taking a false oath. ...Permaneder, Franz Michael
Canonist, b. at Traunstein, Bavaria, 12 Aug., 1794; d. at Ratisbon, 10 Oct., 1862. He studied ...Pernter, Joseph Maria
Scientist, b. at Neumark, Tyrol, 15 March, 1848; d. at Arco, 20 Dec., 1908. He entered the ...Perpetua and Felicitas, Saints
Martyrs, suffered at Carthage, 7 March 203, together with three companions, Revocatus, Saturus, ...Perpetual Adoration
A term broadly used to designate the practically uninterrupted adoration of the Blessed ...Perpetual Adoration, Religious of
(Belgium) A congregation with simple vows, founded at Brussels, 1857, by Anna de Meeus, ...Perpetual Adoration, Religious of the
A contemplative religious congregation, founded in 1526 by Sister Elizabeth Zwirer (d. 1546), at ...Perpetual Adoration, Sisters of the
(Quimper, France ). An institute of nuns devoted to perpetual adoration of the Blessed ...Perpetual Adorers of the Blessed Sacrament
(Sacramentines.) Anton Le Quien, b. in Paris, 23 Feb., 1601, the founder of the first order ...Perpetual Help, Our Lady of
( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...Perpetual Help, Our Lady of, Sisters of
A congregation founded in the parish of St. Damien, Bellechasse, P.Q., Canada, 28 August, 1892, ...Perpetual Succour, Our Lady of
( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...Perpetuus, Saint
Eighth Bishop of Tours, d. 1 January, or 8 December, 490, or 8 April, 491. He was a member of ...Perpignan, Diocese of
(Perpinianum.) Comprises the Department of Pyrénées Orientales; created by the ...Perpignan, University of
Peter IV of Aragon (1327-87), having conquered (1344) the town of Perpignan and reunited to his ...Perraud, Adolphe
Cardinal and academician; b. at Lyons, France, 7 Feb., 1828; d. 18 Feb., 1906. He had a ...Perrault, Charles
Writer, b. in Paris, 12 Jan., 1628; d. 16 May, 1703. His first literary attempts were a parody of ...Perrault, Claude
Born at Paris, 1613; died there, 1688. He built the main eastern façade of the Louvre, ...Perreyve, Henri
Born at Paris, 11 April, 1831; died there 18 June, 1865. His father was professor at the ...Perrone, Giovanni
Jesuit theologian, b. at Chieri, Italy, 11 March, 1794; d. at Rome, 28 Aug., 1876. After studying ...Perry, Stephen Joseph
Born in London, August, 1833; d. 27 Dec. 1889. He belonged to a well-known Catholic family. His ...Persecution
GENERAL Persecution may be defined in general as the unlawful coercion of another's liberty or ...Persecutions, Coptic
(ACCORDING TO GREEK AND LATIN SOURCES) During the first two centuries the Church of Alexandria ...Perseverance, Final
( Perseverantia finalis ). Final perseverance is the preservation of the state of grace till ...Persia
The history, religion, and civilization of Persia are offshoots from those of Media. Both Medes ...Persian Rite
Also known as the Chaldean, Assyrian, or Persian Rite. History and Origin This rite is used by ...Persico, Ignatius
A cardinal, born 30 Jan., 1823, at Naples, Italy ; died 7 Dec., 1896. He entered the Capuchin ...Person
The Latin word persona was originally used to denote the mask worn by an actor. From this it ...Person, Ecclesiastical
In its etymological sense this expression signifies every person who forms a part of the external ...Personality
It is proposed in this article to give an account: (1) of the physical constituents of ...Persons, Robert
(Also, but less correctly, P ARSONS ) Jesuit, b., at Nether Stowey, Somerset, 24 June, 1546; ...Perth
(PERTHENSIS) Located in Western Australia, suffragan to Adelaide; bounded on the north by ...Pertinax, Publius Helvius
Roman Emperor (31 Dec., 192), b. at Alba Pompeia, in Luguria, 1 August, 126; d. at Rome 28 ...Peru
A republic on the west coast of South America, founded in 1821 after the war of independence, ...Perugia
(PERUSINA) Located in Umbria, Central Italy. The city is situated on a hill on the right of ...Perugia, University of
One of the "free" universities of Italy, was erected into a studium generale on 8 Sept., 1308, ...Perugino
(PIETRO VANNUCCI) An Italian painter, founder of the Umbrian school, born at Città ...Peruzzi, Baldassare
An architect and painter, born at Siena, 7 March, 1481; died at Rome, 6 Jan., 1537. He derived ...Pesaro
(PESAURENSIS) Located in central Italy. The city is situated at the mouth of the river ...Pescennius Niger
Emperor of Rome (193-194). He was a native of central Italy, and during the reigns of Marcus ...Pesch, Tilman
A Jesuit philosopher, b. at Cologne, 1 Feb., 1836; d. at Valkenberg, Holland, 18 Oct., 1899. He ...Pescia
(PISCIENSIS) Diocese in Tuscany, Italy, on the Rivers Pescia Maggiore and Pescia Minore, ...Pessimism
I. A TEMPER OF MIND In popular language the term pessimist is applied to persons who ...Pessinus
( Pessinous .) A titular see of Galatia Secunda. Pessinonte, on the southern slope of Mt. ...Pestalozzi and Pestalozzianism
Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, one of the greatest pioneers of modern education, born at Zurich, ...Peter Baptist, Saint, and Twenty-Five Companions
Died at Nagasaki, 5 Feb., 1597. In 1593 while negotiations were pending between the Emperor of ...Peter Canisius, Blessed
(Kannees, Kanys, probably also De Hondt). Born at Nimwegen in the Netherlands, 8 May, 1521; ...Peter Cantor
Theologian, b. probably at Gisberoi near Beauvais, France ; d. at Long Pont Abbey, 22 Sept., ...Peter Cellensis
(PETER DE LA CELLE). Bishop of Chartres, b. of noble parentage in Champagne; d. at Chartres, ...Peter Chrysologus, Saint
Born at Imola, 406; died there, 450. His biography, first written by Agnellus (Liber pontificalis ...Peter Claver, Saint
The son of a Catalonian farmer, was born at Verdu, in 1581; he died 8 September, 1654. He ...Peter Comestor
Theological writer, b. at Troyes, date unknown; d. at Paris about 1178. He was first attached ...Peter Damian, Saint
(Or Damiani). Doctor of the Church, Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia, b. at Ravenna "five years ...Peter de Blois
A statesman and theologian, born at Blois about 1130; died about 1203. He appears to have ...Peter de Honestis
Born at Ravenna about 1049; died, 29 March, 1119. Among his ancestors was the great St. Romuald, ...Peter de Regalado, Saint
(REGALATUS) A Friar Minor and reformer, born at Valladolid, 1390; died at Aguilera, 30 ...Peter de Vinea
(DE VINEIS, DELLA VIGNA) Born at Capua about 1190; died 1249. Peter's legal learning and the ...Peter Faber, Saint
Born 13 April, 1506, at Villaret, Savoy ; died 1 Aug., 1546, in Rome. As a child he tended his ...Peter Fourier, Saint
Known as LE BON PÈRE DE MATTAINCOURT, born at Mirecourt, Lorraine, 30 Nov., 1565 died at ...Peter Fullo
Intruding Monophysite Patriarch of Antioch ; d. 488. He received the Greek surname Gnapheus ...Peter Gonzalez, Saint
Popularly known as St. Elmo, b. in 1190 at Astorga, Spain ; d. 15 April, 1246, at Tuy. He was ...Peter Igneus, Blessed
(Peter Aldobrandini.) An Italian monk of the Benedictine congregation of the ...Peter Lombard
Theologian, b. at Novara (or perhaps Lumello), Italy, about 1100; d. about 1160-64. He studied ...Peter Mongus
( moggos , "stammerer", or "hoarse".) Intruded Monophysite patriarch of Alexandria (d. ...Peter Nolasco, Saint
Born at Mas-des-Saintes-Puelles, near Castelnaudary, France, in 1189 (or 1182); died at ...Peter of Alcántara, Saint
Born at Alcántara, Spain, 1499; died 18 Oct., 1562. His father, Peter Garavita, was the ...Peter of Alexandria, Saint
Became Bishop of Alexandria in 300; martyred Nov., 311. According to Philip of Sidetes he ...Peter of Aquila
(SCOTELLUS). Friar Minor , theologian and bishop, b. at Aquila in the Abruzzi, Italy, towards ...Peter of Arbues, Saint
(Correctly, PETER ARBUES). Born in 1441 (or 1442); died 17 Sept., 1485. His father, a ...Peter of Auvergne
A philosopher and theologian ; died after 1310. He was a canon of Paris ; some biographers ...Peter of Bergamo
(ALMADURA) A theologian, date of birth unknown; died at Placentia, in 1482. He entered the ...Peter of Montboissier, Blessed
(Better known as PETER THE VENERABLE). Born in Auvergne, about 1092; died at Cluny, 25 ...Peter of Poitiers
A French scholastic theologian, born at Poitiers or in its neighbourhood about 1130; died in ...Peter of Sebaste, Saint
Bishop, b. about 340; d. 391. He belonged to the richly blest family of Basil and Emmelia of ...Peter of Verona, Saint
Born at Verona, 1206; died near Milan, 6 April, 1252. His parents were adherents of the ...Peter Snow, Venerable
English martyr, suffered at York, 15 June, 1598. He was born at or near Ripon and arrived at the ...Peter the Hermit
Born at Amiens about 1050; d. at the monastery of Neufmoutier (Liège), in 1115. His ...Peter Urseolus, Saint
(Orseolo) Born at Rivo alto, Province of Udina, 928; at Cuxa, 10 January, 987 (997 is less ...Peter, Basilica of Saint
TOPOGRAPHY The present Church of St. Peter stands upon the site where at the beginning of the ...Peter, Chair of
Under this head will be treated: I. The annual Feast of the Chair of Peter ( Cathedra Petri ) at ...Peter, Saint
The life of St. Peter may be conveniently considered under the following heads: I. Until the ...Peter, Saint, Epistles of
These two epistles will be treated under the following heads: I. Authenticity; II. Recipients, ...Peter, Sarah
Philanthropist, b. at Chillicothe, Ohio, U.S.A. 10 May, 1800; d. at Cincinnati, 6 Feb., 1877. Her ...Peter, Tomb of Saint
The history of the relics of the Apostles Peter and Paul is one which is involved in ...Peter-Louis-Marie Chanel, Saint
The print version of the C ATHOLIC E NCYCLOPEDIA contains two articles on this saint. We ...Peterborough
(PETERBOROUGHENSIS) Located in the Province of Ontario , Canada, comprises the Counties of ...Peterspence
Peterspence, otherwise known to the Anglo-Saxons as "Romescot", is the name traditionally given to ...Peterssen, Gerlac
(GERLACUS PETRI) Born at Deventer, 1377 or 1378; died 18 Nov., 1411. He entered the ...Petinessus
(PITNISUS) A titular see in Galatia Secunda (Salutaris). This city is mentioned by Strabo, ...Petit-Didier, Matthieu
A Benedictine theologian and ecclesiastical historian, born at Saint-Nicolas-du-Port in ...Petitions to the Holy See
I. MODE OF PETITIONING Faculties, indults, dispensations, and other favours, the granting of ...Petra
Titular metropolitan see of Palæstina Tertia. Under the name of Sela (the rock) this ...Petrarch, Francesco
Italian poet and humanist, b. at Arezzo, 20 July, 1304; d. at Arquá, 19 July, 1374. His ...Petre, Family of
The Petres are one of those staunch and constant families, which have played a great part in the ...Petrobrusians
Heretics of the twelfth century so named from their founder Peter of Bruys. Our information ...Petronilla, Saint
Virgin, probably martyred at Rome at the end of the first century. Almost all the sixth- and ...Petronius, Saint
Bishop of Bologna, date of birth unknown; died before 450. The only certain historical ...Petropolis
(Petropolitanensis). Diocese in the Province of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, erected 11 Feb., ...Petrus Alfonsus
A converted Jew and controversialist, born at Huesca, in the former Kingdom of Aragon, 1062; ...Petrus Bernardinus
Florentine heretic ; born at Florence about 1475; died 1502. His parents were common folk, and ...Petrus de Natalibus
Bishop; author of a collection of lives of the saints; date of birth unknown; d. between 1400 and ...Petrus Diaconus
The name of several men of note in ecclesiastical history and literature. (1) One of the ...Petun Nation
One of the three great divisions of the Huron Indians, the other two being the Hurons proper, and ...Peuerbach, George von
(Also Peurbach, Purbach, Purbachius) Austrian astronomer, b. at Peuerbach near Linz, 30 May, ...Peutinger, Conrad
An antiquarian and humanist, born at Augsburg, 14 Oct., 1465; died 28 Dec., 1547. As a young ...Peyto, William
(P ETO, P ETOW ). Cardinal ; d. 1558 or 1559. Though his parentage was long unknown, it is ...Pez
(1) BERNHARD An historian, born 22 February, 1683, at Ybbs near Melk ; died 27 March, 1735, at ...Pf 5
Pf 5
Pfanner, Franz
An abbot, born at Langen, Vorarlberg, Austria, 1825; died at Emmaus, South Africa, 24 May, ...Pfefferkorn, Johannes
A baptized Jew, b. probably at Nuremberg, 1469; d. at Cologne, between 1521 and 1524. In 1505, ...Pfister, Adolf
An educationist, born at Hechingen in Hohenzollern, 26 Sept., 1810; died at Ober-Dischingen in ...Pflug, Julius Von
The last Catholic Bishop of Naumburg-Zeitz, born at Eythra, near Leipzig, 1499; died at Zeits, ...Pforta
A former Cistercian monastery (1137-1540), near Naumburg on the Saale in the Prussian province ...Ph 44
Ph 44
Phœnicia
Phœnicia is a narrow strip of land, about one hundred and fifty miles long and thirty miles ...Phacusa
A titular see and suffragan of Pelusium, in Augustamnica Prima. Ptolemy (IV, v, 24) makes it ...Pharao
(Prah, Par‘o, or, after a vowel, Phar‘o ; Greek Pharaó ; Latin Pharao). ...Pharbætus
Titular see and suffragan of Leontopolis, in Augustamnica Secunda. This name is merely the ...Pharisees
A politico-religious sect or faction among the adherents of later Judaism, that came into ...Pharsalus
Titular see and suffragan of Larissa in Thessaly. The city is mentioned for the first time after ...Phaselis
Titular see in Lycia, suffragan of Myra. The city was a Doric colony on the Pamphylian Gulf. ...Phasga
(A.V. Pisgah ). Whether the word in Hebrew is a proper or a common noun is not clear; ...Phenomenalism
Phenomenalism ( phainomenon ) literally means any system of thought that has to do with ...Philadelphia (Lydia)
A titular see in Lydia, suffragan of Sardes. The city was founded by Philadelphus, King of ...Philadelphia (Pennsylvania)
(PHILADELPHIENSIS) A diocese established in 1808; made an archdiocese, 12 Feb., 1875, ...Philanthropinism
The system of education educed from the ideas of Rousseau and of the German "Enlightenment", ...Philastrius, Saint
Bishop of Brescia, died before 397. He was one of the bishops present at a synod held in ...Philemon
A citizen of Coloss Colossæ, to whom St. Paul addressed a private letter, unique in the ...Philip II
King of Spain, only son of the Emperor Charles V, and Isabella of Portugal, b. at Valladolid, 21 ...Philip II (Augustus)
King of France, born 22 or 25 August, 1165; died at Mantes, 14 July, 1223, son of Louis VII ...Philip IV
Surnamed Le Bel (the Fair) King of France, b. at Fontainebleau, 1268; d. there, 29 Nov., 1314; ...Philip of Jesus, Saint
Born in Mexico, date unknown; died at Nagasaki early in February, 1597. Though unusually ...Philip of the Blessed Trinity
(ESPRIT JULIEN). Discalced Carmelite, theologian, born at Malaucene, near Avignon, 1603; died ...Philip Romolo Neri, Saint
THE APOSTLE OF ROME. Born at Florence, Italy, 22 July, 1515; died 27 May, 1595. Philip's ...Philip the Apostle, Saint
Like the brothers, Peter and Andrew, Philip was a native of Bethsaida on Lake Genesareth ( John ...Philip the Arabian
(Philippus) Emperor of Rome (244-249), the son of an Arab sheik, born in Bosra. He rose ...Philippi
(Greek Phílippoi , Latin Philippi ). Philippi was a Macedonian town, on the ...Philippi
A titular metropolitan see in Macedonia. As early as the sixth century B. C. we learn of a ...Philippians, Epistle to the
I. HISTORICAL CIRCUMSTANCES, OCCASION, AND CHARACTER ( See also PHILIPPI ). The Philippians, ...Philippine Islands
Situation and Area The Philippine Islands lie between 116° 40' and 126° and 34' E. long., ...Philippopolis
A titular metropolitan see of Thracia Secunda. The city was founded by Philip of Macedon in 342 ...Philippopolis
Titular see in Arabia, suffragan of Bostra. Its bishop, Hormisdas, was present at the Council ...Philips, Peter
(Also known as PETRUS PHILIPPUS, PIETRO PHILLIPO.) Born in England about 1560; date and place ...Philistines
( Septuagint phylistieim in the Pentateuch and Josue, elsewhere allophyloi , ...Phillip, Robert
Priest, d. at Paris, 4 Jan., 1647. He was descended from the Scottish family of Phillip of ...Phillips, George
A canonist, born at Königsberg, 6 Sept., 1804; died at Vienna, 6 September, 1872, was the son ...Philo Judæus
Born about 25 B.C. . His family, of a sacerdotal line, was one of the most powerful of the ...Philomelium
A titular see in Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch. According to ancient writers Philomelium was ...Philomena, Saint
On 25 May, 1802, during the quest for the graves of Roman martyrs in the Catacomb of Priscilla, ...Philosophy
I. Definition of Philosophy . II. Division of Philosophy . III. The Principal Systematic ...Philoxenus
(AKHSENAYA) OF MABBOGH. Born at Tahal, in the Persian province of Beth-Garmai in the second ...Phocæa
A titular see in Asia, suffragan of Ephesus. The town of Phocæa was founded in the ...Photinus
A heretic of the fourth century, a Galatian and deacon to Marcellus, Metropolitan of Ancyra ...Photius of Constantinople
Photius of Constantinople, chief author of the great schism between East and West, was b. at ...Phylacteries
( Phulachterion — safeguard, amulet, or charm). The word occurs only once in the New ...Physics, History of
The subject will be treated under the following heads: I. A Glance at Ancient Physics; II. ...Physiocrats
( physis , nature, kratein , rule) A school of writers on political and economic ...Physiologus
An early Christian work of a popular theological type, describing animals real or fabulous ...Pi 89
Pi 89
Piacenza
DIOCESE OF PIACENZA (PLACENTINENSIS) Piacenza is a diocese in Emilia, central Italy. The city ...Pianô Carpine, Giovanni da
Born at Pian di Carpine (now called della Magione), near Perugia, Umbria, 1182; died probably in ...Pianciani, Giambattista
Scientist, b. at Spoleto, 27 Oct., 1784; d. at Rome, 23 March, 1862. He entered the Society of ...Piatto Cardinalizio
An allowance granted by the pope to cardinals residing in curia or otherwise employed by ...Piatus of Mons
(Secular name, JEAN-JOSEPH LOISEAUX), b. 5 Aug., 1815; d. in the Monastery of Ste. Claire, ...Piauhy
(DE PIAUHY, PIAHUNENSIS) Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Belem do Para, in the State of ...Piazza Armerina
(PLATIENSIS) Located in the province of Caltanissetta, Sicily. The city of Piazza Armerina is ...Piazzi, Giuseppe
Astronomer, b. at Ponte in Valtellina, 16 July, 1746; d. at Naples, 22 July, 1826. He took the ...Pibush, John
English martyr, born at Thirsk, Yorkshire; died at St Thomas's Waterings, Camberwell, 18 February, ...Picard, Jean
Astronomer, b. at La Flêche, 21 July, 1620; d. at Paris, 12 Oct., 1682. He was a priest ...Piccolomini, Alessandro
Littérateur, philosopher, astronomer, b. 13 June, 1508; d. 12 March, 1578. He passed his ...Piccolomini-Ammannati, Jacopo
A cardinal, born in the Villa Basilica near Lucca, 1422; died at San Lorenzo near Bolsena, 10 ...Pichler
A renowned Austrian family of gem-cutters who lived and died in Italy. ANTONIO (JOHANN ...Pichler, Vitus
Distinguished canonist and controversial writer, b. at Grosberghofen, 24 May, 1670; d. at Munich, ...Pickering, Ven. Thomas
Lay brother and martyr, a member of an old Westmoreland family, b. c. 1621; executed at Tyburn, ...Piconio, Bernadine a
(HENRI BERNARDINE DE PICQUIGNY) Born at Picquigny, Picardy, 1633; died in Paris, 8 December, ...Picquet, François
A celebrated Sulpician missionary in Canada, b. at Bourg, Bresse, France, 4 Dec., 1708; d. at ...Picture Bibles
In the Middle Ages the Church made use of pictures as a means of instruction, to supplement ...Pie Pelicane, Jesu, Domine
The sixth quatrain of Adoro Te Devote , sometimes used as a separate hymn at Benediction of ...Pie, Louis-Edouard-Désiré
Cardinal, born at Pontgouin, Diocese of Chartres, 1815; died at Angoulême, 1880. He studied ...Pieck, Saint Nicholas
(Also spelled PICK). Friar Minor and martyr, b. at Gorkum, Holland, 29 August, 1534; d. at ...Piedmont
( Italian Piemonte ). A part compartimento of northern Italy, bounded on the north by ...Piel, Peter
A pioneer in the movement for reform of church music, b. at Kessewick, near Bonn, 12 Aug., 1835; ...Pierius
A priest and probably head master of the catechetical school at Alexandria conjointly with ...Pierre de Castelnau, Blessed
Born in the Diocese of Montpellier , Languedoc, now Department of Hérault, France ; died ...Pierre de Maricourt
Surnamed PETER THE PILGRIM ( Petrus Peregrinus ) A physician of the Middle Ages. Under the ...Pierron, Jean
A missionary, born at Dun-sur-Meuse, France, 28 Sept., 1631; date and place of death unknown. He ...Pierson, Philippe
Born at Ath, Hainaut (Belgium), 4 January, 1642; died at Lorette, Quebec, 1688. At the age of ...Pietism
Pietism is a movement within the ranks of Protestantism, originating in the reaction against the ...Pighius, Albert
A theologian, mathematician, and astronomer, born at Kampen, Overyssel, Holland, about 1490; ...Pignatelli, Venerable Giuseppe Maria
Born 27 December, 1737, in Saragossa, Spain ; died 11 November, 1811. His family was of ...Pike, William
Martyr, born in Dorsetshire; died at Dorchester, dec., 1591. He was a joiner, and lived at West ...Pilar, Nuestra Señora del
"Our Lady of the Pillar", a celebrated church and shrine, at Saragossa, Spain, containing a ...Pilate, Pontius
After the deposition of the eldest son of Herod, Archelaus (who had succeeded his father as ...Pilchard, Venerable Thomas
( Or PILCHER). Martyr, born at Battle, Sussex, 1557; died at Dorchester, 21 March 1586-7. ...Pileolus
( zucca , head). The small, round skullcap of the ecclesiastic. The official name is ...Pilgrimage of Grace
The name given to the religious rising in the north of England, 1536. The cause of this great ...Pilgrimages
(Middle English, pilgrime, Old French, pelegrin, derived from Latin peregrinum, supposed ...Piligrim
Bishop of Passau, date of birth unknown; died 20 May, 991. He was educated at the ...Pillar of Cloud/Fire
(P ILLAR OF F IRE ). A cloud which accompanied the Israelites during their wandering. It ...Pima Indians
An important tribe of Southern Arizona, centering along the middle Gila and its affluent, the ...Pinar del Rio
(Pinetensis ad Flumen) Located in Cuba, erected by the Brief "Actum præclare" of Leo ...Pinara
A titular see in Lycia, suffragan of Myra. Pinara was one of the chief cities of the Lycian ...Pindemonte, Ippolito
An Italian poet of noble birth, born at Verona, 13 Nov., 1753; died there, 18 Nov., 1828. He ...Pineda, John de
Born in Seville, 1558; died there, 27 Jan., 1637. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1572, ...Pinerolo
(PINEROLIENSIS) Located in the province of Turin, in Piedmont, Northern Italy, suffragan of ...Pingré, Alexandre Guy
Born in Paris 11 September, 1711; died 1 May, 1796. He was educated in Senlis at the college ...Pinna da Encarnaçao, Mattheus
A writer and theologian, born at Rio de Janeiro, 23 Aug., 1687; died there, 18 Dec., 1764. On 3 ...Pinto, Fernão Mendes
A Portuguese traveller, born at Montemor-o-Velho near Coimbra, c. 1509; died at Almada near ...Pinturicchio
(BERNARDINO DI BETTO, surnamed PINTURICCHIO) Born at Verona, about 1454; died at Siena, 11 ...Pinzón, Martín Alonso
Spanish navigator and companion of Columbus on his first voyage to the New World, b. at Palos ...Piombo, Sebastiano del
More correctly known as S EBASTIANO L UCIANI . Venetian portrait painter, b. at Venice, ...Pionius, Saint
Martyred at Smyrna, 12 March, 250. Pionius, with Sabina and Asclepiades, was arrested on 23 ...Pious Fund of the Californias, The
(Fondo Piadoso de las Californias) The Pious Fund of the Californias had its origin, in 1697, ...Pious Society of Missions, The
Founded by Ven. Vincent Mary Pallotti in 1835. The members of the society are generally called ...Piranesi, Giambattista
An Italian etcher and engraver, b. at Venice, 1720; d. in Rome, 9 Nov., 1778. His uncle ...Pirhing, Ernricus
Born at Sigarthin, near Passau, 1606; died between 1678 and 1681. At the age of twenty-two he ...Pirkheimer
Charitas Pirkheimer Abbess of the Convent of St. Clara, of the Poor Clares, in Nuremberg, and ...Piro Indians
A tribe of considerable importance, ranging by water for a distance of three hundred miles along ...Pisa
ARCHDIOCESE OF PISA (PISÆ) Archdiocese in Tuscany, central Italy. The city is situated ...Pisa, Council of
Preliminaries. The great Schism of the West had lasted thirty years (since 1378), and none of ...Pisa, University of
In the eleventh century there were many jurisconsults at Pisa who lectured on law ; prominent ...Pisano, Andrea
Or ANDREA DA PISA (the name by which Andrea da Pontadera is known). An Italian sculptor and ...Pisano, Niccola
Architect and sculptor, b. at Pisa about 1205-07; d. there, 1278. He was the father of modern ...Piscataway Indians
A tribe of Algonquian linguistic stock formerly occupying the peninsula of lower Maryland ...Piscina
(Latin from piscis, a fish, fish-pond, pool or basin, called also sacrarium, thalassicon, or ...Pise, Charles Constantine
Priest, poet, and prose writer, b. at Annapolis, Maryland, 22 Nov., 1801; d. at Brooklyn, New ...Pisidia
A country in the southwestern part of Asia Minor, between the high Phrygian tableland and the ...Pistoia and Prato
(PISTORIENSIS ET PRATENSIS) Located in the Province of Florence. The city of Pistoia is ...Pistoia, Synod of
Held 18 to 28 September, 1786, by Scipio de’ Ricci, Bishop of Pistoia and Prato. It marks ...Pistorius, Johann
A controversialist and historian, born at Nidda in Hesse, 14 February, 1546; died at Freiburg, 18 ...Pithou, Pierre
A writer, born at Troyes, 1 Nov. 1539; died at Nogent-sur-Seine, 1 Nov., 1596. His father, a ...Pitoni, Joseph
A musician, born at Rieti, Perugia, Italy, 18 March, 1657; died at Rome, 1 Feb., 1743, and ...Pitra, Jean-Baptiste-François
Cardinal, famous archeologist and theologian, b. 1 August, 1812, at Champforgeuil in the ...Pitts, John
Born at Alton, Hampshire, 1560; died at Liverdun, Lorraine, 17 Oct., 1616. He was educated at ...Pittsburgh
DIOCESE OF PITTSBURG/PITTSBURGH (PITTSBURGENSIS). Suffragan of Philadelphia, in the United ...Pityus
A titular see in Pontus Polemoniacus, suffragan of Neocæsarea. Pityus was a large and ...Pius I, Pope Saint
Date of birth unknown; pope from about 140 to about 154. According to the earliest list of the ...Pius II, Pope
(Enea Silvio de' Piccolomini). Born at Corsignano, near Siena, 18 Oct., 1405; elected 19 ...Pius III, Pope
(Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini). B. at Siena, 29 May, 1439; elected 22 Sept., 1503; d. in ...Pius IV, Pope
(Giovanni Angelo Medici). B. 31 March, 1499, at Milan ; elected 26 December, 1559; d. in ...Pius IX, Pope
(G IOVANNI M ARIA M ASTAI -F ERRETTI ). Pope from 1846-78; born at Sinigaglia, 13 May, ...Pius V, Pope Saint
(MICHELE GHISLERI). Born at Bosco, near Alexandria, Lombardy, 17 Jan., 1504 elected 7 Jan., ...Pius VI, Pope
(G IOVANNI A NGELICO B RASCHI ). Born at Cesena, 27 December, 1717; elected 15 ...Pius VII, Pope
(B ARNABA C HIARAMONTI ). Born at Cesena in the Pontifical States, 14 August, 1740; ...Pius VIII, Pope
(Francesco Xaverio Castiglione). B. at Cingoli, 20 Nov., 1761; elected 31 March, 1829; d. 1 ...Pius X, Pope Saint
(Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto). Born 2 June, 1835, at Riese, Province of Treviso, in Venice. His ...Piusverein
The name given to Catholic associations in various countries of Europe. I. THE PIUS ...Pizarro, Francisco
Born in Trujillo, Estremadura, Spain, probably in 1471; died at Lima, Peru, 26 June, 1541. He ...Pl 27
Pl 27
Placidus, Saint
St. Placidus, disciple of St. Benedict, the son of the patrician Tertullus, was brought as a ...Plagues of Egypt
Ten calamities inflicted on the Egyptians to overcome Pharao's obstinacy and force him to let ...Plain Chant
By plain chant we understand the church music of the early Middle Ages, before the advent of ...Plantaganet, Henry Beaufort
Cardinal, Bishop of Winchester, born c. 1377; died at Westminster, 11 April, 1447. He was the ...Plantin, Christophe
Book-binder and publisher of Antwerp, b. 1514, at or near Tours ( France ); d. 1 July, 1589, at ...Plants in the Bible
When Moses spoke to the people about the Land of Promise, he described it as a "land of hills ...Plasencia
(PLACENTINA) Plasencia comprises the civil provinces of Cáceres, Salamanca, and ...Plateau, Joseph-Antoine
Belgian physicist, b. at Brussels, 14 Oct., 1801; d. at Ghent, 15 Sept., 1883. His father, a ...Platina, Bartolomeo
Originally named S ACCHI, b. at Piadena, near Mantua, in 1421; d. at Rome, 1481. He first ...Plato and Platonism
I. LIFE OF PLATO Plato ( Platon , "the broad shouldered") was born at Athens in 428 or 427 ...Play, Pierre-Guillaume-Frédéric Le
A French economist, born at La Rivière (Calvados), 11 April, 1806; died at Paris, 5 ...Plegmund
Archbishop of Canterbury, died 2 August, 914. He was a Mercian, and spent his early life near ...Plenarium
A book of formulae and texts. Plenarium or Plenarius ( Liber ) is any book that contains ...Plenary Council
A canonical term applied to various kinds of ecclesiastical synods. The word itself, derived from ...Plessis, Joseph-Octave
Bishop of Quebec, born at Montreal, 3 March, 1763; died at Quebec, 4 Dec., 1822. He studied ...Plethon, Georgius Gemistus
Born in Constantinople about 1355, died in the Peloponnesus, 1450. Out of veneration for Plato ...Plock
(PLOCENSIS) Located in Russian Poland, suffragan of Warsaw, includes the district of Plock ...Plowden, Charles
Born at Plowden Hall, Shropshire, 1743; died at Jougne, Doubs, France, 13 June, 1821. He was ...Plowden, Edmund
Born 1517-8; died in London, 6 Feb., 1584-5. Son of Humphrey Plowden of Plowden Hall, Shropshire, ...Plowden, Francis
Son of William Plowden of Plowden Hall, b. at Shropshire, 8 June, 1749; d. at Paris, 4 Jan., ...Plowden, Robert
Elder brother of Charles, born 27 January, 1740; died at Wappenbury, 27 June, 1823. He entered ...Plowden, Thomas
( Alias Salisbury). Born in Oxfordshire, England, 1594; died in London, 13 Feb., 1664; ...Plowden, Thomas Percy
Born at Shiplake, Oxfordshire, England, 1672; died at Watten, 21 Sept., 1745; joined the Society ...Plumier, Charles
(botanical abbreviation, Plum .) A French botanist, born at Marseilles, 20 April, 1646; ...Plunket, Blessed Oliver
[ Editor's Note: St. Oliver Plunkett was canonized by Pope Paul VI on October 10, 1975.] ...Pluscarden Priory
Founded in 1230 by Alexander III , King of Scotland, six miles from Elgin, Morayshire, for ...Plymouth
(PLYMUTHENSIS, PLYMUTHÆ) Plymouth consists of the County of Dorset, which formed a ...Pn 1
Pn 1
Pneumatomachi (Macedonians)
(Macedonians) A heretical sect which flourished in the countries adjacent to the Hellespont ...Po 120
Po 120
Poetry, Hebrew, of the Old Testament
Since the Bible is divinely inspired, and thus becomes the "written word" of God, many devout ...Poggio Bracciolini, Giovanni Francesco
An Italian humanist and historian; born at Terranuova, near Arezzo, in 1380; died at Florence, ...Poggio Mirteto
DIOCESE OF POGGIO MIRTETO (MANDELENSIS) Diocese in the province of Perugia, central Italy. The ...Pogla
( ta Pogla ) Titular see in Pamphylia Secunda. Pogla is mentioned only by Ptolemy, V, 5, ...Poitiers
D IOCESE OF P OITIERS (P ICTAVENSIS ) The Diocese of Poitiers includes the Departments of ...Poland
I. GEOGRAPHY The western part of the Sarmatian Plain together with the northern slopes of the ...Polding, John Bede
Archbishop of Sydney, born at Liverpool, 18 Oct., 1794; died at Sydney, 16 March, 1877. In 1805 ...Pole, Blessed Margaret
Countess of Salisbury, martyr ; b. at Castle Farley, near Bath, 14 August, 1473; martyred at ...Pole, Reginald
Cardinal, b. at Stourton Castle, Staffordshire, England, in March, 1500; d. at Lambeth Palace, ...Polemonium
Titular see in Pontus Polemoniacus, suffragan of Neocæsarea. At the mouth of the Sidenus, ...Poleni, Giovanni
Marquess, physicist, and antiquarian; b. at Venice, 23 Aug., 1683; d. at Padua, 14 Nov., 1761; ...Poles in the United States
Causes of Immigration There is good foundation for the tradition that a Pole, John of Kolno (a ...Policastro
DIOCESE OF POLICASTRO (POLICASTRENSIS) Diocese in the province of Salerno, Southern Italy. The ...Polignac, Melchior de
Cardinal, diplomatist, and writer, b. of an ancient family of Auvergne, at Le Puy, France, 11 ...Polish Literature
The subject will be divided, for convenience of treatment, into historical periods. First ...Politi, Lancelot
(In religion AMBROSIUS CATHARINUS) Born at Siena, 1483; died at Naples, 1553. At sixteen he ...Politian
(ANGIOLO DE 'AMBROSINI DA MONTE PULCIANO) An Italian Humanist, born at Monte Pulciano in 1454; ...Political Economy, Science of
S CIENCE OF P OLITICAL E CONOMY (E CONOMICS ). I. DEFINITIONS Political economy (Greek, ...Pollajuolo, Antonio and Piero Benci
Antonio and Piero Benci Pollajuolo derived their surname, according to Florentine custom, from ...Polo, Marco
Traveller; born at Venice in 1251; died there in 1324. His father Nicolo and his uncle Matteo, ...Polybotus
A titular see in Phrygia Salutaris, suffragan of Synnada. This town is mentioned only in the ...Polycarp, Saint
Martyr (A.D. 69-155). Our chief sources of information concerning St. Polycarp are: (1) the ...Polycarpus
The title of a canonical collection in eight books composed in Italy by Cardinal Gregorius. It is ...Polyglot Bibles
The first Bible which may be considered a Polyglot is that edited at Alcalá (in Latin ...Polystylum
A titular see of Macedonia Secunda, suffragan of Philippi. When Philippi was made a ...Polytheism
The belief in, and consequent worship of, many gods. See the various articles on national ...Pomaria
A titular see in Mauretania Cæsarea. It is north of Tlemcen (capital of an arrondissement ...Pombal, Marquis de
S EBASTIâO J OSÉ DE C ARVALHO E M ELLO The son of a country gentleman of ...Pomerania
A Prussian province on the Baltic Sea situated on both banks of the River Oder, divided into ...Pompeiopolis
A titular see in Paphlagonia. The ancient name of the town is unknown; it may have been ...Pomponazzi, Pietro
(POMPONATIUS, also known as PERETTO on account of his small stature) A philosopher and ...Ponce de León, Juan
Explorer, born at San Servas in the province of Campos, 1460; died in Cuba, 1521. He was ...Ponce, John
A philosopher and theologian, born at Cork, 1603, died at Paris, 1670. At an early age he went ...Poncet, Joseph Anthony de la Rivière
Missionary; b. at Paris, 17 May, 1610; d. at Martinique, 18 June, 1675. He entered the Jesuit ...Pondicherry
(PONDICHERIANA OR PUDICHERIANA) Located in India, it is bounded on the east by the Bay of ...Pontefract Priory
Located in Yorkshire, England, a Cluniac monastery dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, founded ...Pontian, Pope Saint
Dates of birth and death unknown. The "Liber Pontificalis" (ed. Duchesne, I, 145) gives Rome ...Pontifical Colleges
In earlier times there existed in Europe outside of the city of Rome a large number of ...Pontifical Decorations
Pontifical decorations are the titles of nobility, orders of Christian knighthood and other ...Pontifical Mass
Pontifical Mass is the solemn Mass celebrated by a bishop with the ceremonies prescribed in the ...Pontificale
( Pontificale Romanum ). A liturgical book which contains the rites for the performance ...Pontificalia
(PONTIFICALS). The collective name given for convenience sake to those insignia of the ...Pontigny, Abbey of
Second daughter of Cîteaux, was situated on the banks of the Serain, present Diocese of ...Pontius Carbonell
Born at Barcelona, c. ú died c. 1320. Pontius and Carbonell are names frequently met with ...Pontius Pilate
After the deposition of the eldest son of Herod, Archelaus (who had succeeded his father as ...Pontus
In ancient times, Pontus was the name of the north-eastern province of Asia Minor , a long ...Pools in Scripture
In the English Bibles, the word "pool" stands for three Hebrew words: (1) 'agam means properly ...Poona
(PUNENSIS) Diocese in India, comprises that portion of the Bombay Presidency which lies on ...Poor Brothers of St. Francis Seraphicus
A congregation of lay brothers of the Third Order of St. Francis, instituted for charitable ...Poor Catholics
( Pauperes Catholici ) A religious mendicant order, organized in 1208, to reunite the ...Poor Child Jesus, Sisters of the
A congregation founded at Aachen in 1844 for the support and education of poor, orphan, and ...Poor Clares
(POOR LADIES, SISTERS OF ST. CLARE) The Second Order of St. Francis. The subject will be treated ...Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ
A community founded by Catherine Kasper, a native of Dernbach, Germany. She was born 26 May, 1820, ...Poor Handmaids of the Mother of God
A religious congregation founded in 1808 by Mother Mary Magdalen Taylor in conjunction with ...Poor Laws
Poor Laws are those legal enactments which have been made at various periods of the world's ...Poor, Care of, by the Church
I. OBJECTS, HISTORY, AND ORGANIZATION A. The care of the poor is a branch of charity. In the ...Poor, Little Sisters of the
An active, unenclosed religious congregation founded at St Servan, Brittany, 1839, through the ...Poor, Sisters of the, of St. Francis
A Congregation, founded by the Venerable Mother Frances Schervier at Aachen in the year 1845, ...Popayán
(POPAYANENSIS) Popayán lies approximately between 1º 20' and 3º 2' north ...Pope, Alexander
Poet, son of Alexander Pope and his second wife, Edith Turner, b. in London, England, 22 May, ...Pope, The
( Ecclesiastical Latin papa from Greek papas , a variant of pappas father, in classical ...Popes, Chronological Lists of the
See also POPE, LIST OF POPES, PAPAL ELECTIONS, ELECTION OF THE POPE. The historical lists ...Popes, Election of the
For current procedures regarding the election of the pope, see Pope John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic ...Popes, List of
See also POPE, PAPAL ELECTIONS, ELECTION OF THE POPE. St. Peter (32-67) St. Linus (67-76) ...Poppo, Saint
Abbot, born 977; died at Marchiennes, 25 January, 1048. He belonged to a noble family of ...Popular Devotions
Devotion, in the language of ascetical writers, denotes a certain ardour of affection in the ...Population, Theories of
Down to the end of the eighteenth century, very little attention was given to the relation between ...Porch (or Vestibule, in Architecture)
A hall projecting in front of the façade of a church, found from the fifth century both ...Pordenone, Giovanni Antonio
Italian painter, b. at Pordenone, 1483; d. at Ferrara, January, 1539. He is occasionally referred ...Pordenone, Ordric of
A Franciscan missionary of a Czech family named Mattiussi, born at Villanova near Pordenone, ...Pormort, Ven. Thomas
English martyr, b. at Hull about 1559; d. at St. Paul's Churchyard, 20 Feb., 1592. He was probably ...Porphyreon
Titular see, suffragan of Tyre in Phoenicia Prima. It is described in the "Notitia Episcopatuum" ...Porphyrius, Saint
Bishop of Gaza in Palestine, b. at Thessalonica about 347; d. at Gaza, 26 February, 420. ...Porrecta, Serafino
Family name Capponi, called a Porrecta from the place of birth, theologian, b. 1536; d. at Bologna, ...Port Augusta
(PORTAUGUSTANA) This diocese is a suffragan of Adelaide, South Australia, created in ...Port Louis
(PORTUS LUDOVICI) This diocese comprises the islands of Mauritius, Rodriguez, Chagos, and ...Port of Spain
(PORTUS HISPANIÆ) An archiepiscopal and metropolitan see, including the Islands of ...Port Victoria
(PORTUS VICTORIÆ SEYCHELLARUM.) Port Victoria comprises the Seychelles Islands in the ...Port-au-Prince
(PORTUS PRINCIPIS) This archdiocese comprises the western part of the Republic of Haiti. Its ...Port-Royal
A celebrated Benedictine abbey which profoundly influenced the religious and literary life of ...Porta, Carlo
Poet, b. at Milan in 1775; d. there 5 January, 1821; educated by the Jesuits at Monza and ...Porta, Giacomo della
Architect and sculptor, b. at Porlizza on Lake Lugano 1541; d. 1604. He was a pupil of ...Portable Altar
A portable altar consists of a solid piece of natural stone which must be sufficiently hard to ...Portalegre
Suffragan diocese of Lisbon, Portugal, established by Pope Julius III in 1550. Its first ...Porter
(Also called DOORKEEPER. From ostiarius , Latin ostium , a door.) Porter denoted among ...Porter, George
Archbishop of Bombay, b. 1825 at Exeter, England ; d. at Bombay, 28 September, 1889. Of ...Portiuncula
(PORZIONCULA or PORZIUNCOLA). A town and parish situated about three-quarters of a mile from ...Portland
Diocese in the State of Maine ; suffragan of Boston ; established by Pius IX, 8 Dec., 1854. ...Porto Alegre
(PORTALEGRENSIS) Located in Eastern Brazil. Porto Alegre, the capital and chief port of the ...Porto Alegre
(PORTALEGREN) Porto Alegre comprises the southern part of the State of Minas Geraes, and part ...Porto and Santa-Rufina
(PORTUENSIS ET SANCTÆ RUFINÆ) This diocese was formed from the union of two ...Porto Rico
(PUERTO RICO) The smallest and most easterly of the Greater Antilles, rectangular in shape, ...Portoviejo
(PORTUS VETERIS). A suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Quito, Republic of Ecuador. It was ...Portraits of the Apostles
The earliest fresco representing Christ surrounded by the Apostles dates from the beginning of ...Portsmouth
(PORTUS MAGNUS, or PORTEMUTHENSIS) This diocese was created by a Brief of Leo XIII , ...Portugal
I. GEOGRAPHY AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Portugal is situated on the west of the Iberian ...Portuguese East Africa
Portuguese East Africa consists of the Province of Mozambique. Portuguese activity on that ...Portuguese Literature
The Portuguese language was developed gradually from the lingua rustica spoken in the countries ...Portuguese West Africa
The name usually given to the Province of Angola. It has a coast line of 1015 miles from the ...Positivism
Positivism is a system of philosophical and religious doctrines elaborated by Auguste Comte. As ...Possenti, Blessed Gabriel
Passionist student; renowned for sanctity and miracles ; born at Assisi, 1 March, 1838; died ...Possession, Demonical
( See also DEMONOLOGY, DEMONIACS, EXORCISM, EXORCIST.) Man is in various ways subject to the ...Possevinus, Antonius
Theologian and papal envoy, b. at Mantua in 1533 or 1534; d. at Ferrara, 26 Feb., 1611. At ...Possidius, Saint
Bishop of Calama in Numidia, author of a short life of St. Augustine and of an indiculus or ...Postcommunion
The Communion act finishes the essential Eucharistic service. Justin Martyr (I Apol., lxv-lxvi) ...Postgate, Nicholas
English martyr, b. at Kirkdale House, Egton, Yorkshire, in 1596 or 1597; d. at York, 7 August, ...Postulant
Postulancy is a preliminary stage to the novitiate existing from the institution of monasticism. ...Postulation
( Latin postulare, to request) A postulation is a petition presented to a competent ...Potawatomi Indians
An important tribe of Algonquin linguistic stock, closely related dialectically to the Ojibwa ...Pothier, Robert Joseph
A celebrated French lawyer, b. at Orléans, 9 January, 1699; d. there, 2 March, 1772. His ...Pouget, Jean-François-Albert du
Marquis de Nadaillac, b. in 1817; d. at Rougemont, Cloyes, 1 October, 1904; the scion of an old ...Pounde, Thomas
Lay brother, b. at Beaumond (or Belmony), Farlington, Hampshire, 29 May, 1538; d. there, 26 Feb., ...Poussin, Nicolas
French painter, b. at Les Andelys near Rouen in 1594; d. at Rome, 19 November, 1666. His early ...Poverty
I. THE MORAL DOCTRINE OF POVERTY Jesus Christ did not condemn the possession of worldly goods, or ...Poverty and Pauperism
See also CARE OF THE POOR BY THE CHURCH In a legal and technical sense, pauperism denotes the ...Powel, Philip
( alias M ORGAN, alias P ROSSER ) Martyr, b. at Tralon, Brecknockshire, 2 Feb., 1594; d. ...Powell, Blessed Edward
With Blessed Thomas Abel there suffered Edward Powell, priest and martyr, b. in Wales about ...Poynter, William
Born 20 May, 1762, at Petersfield, Hants; died 26 Nov., 1827, in London. He was educated at the ...Pozzo, Andreas
(P UTEUS ) Italian painter and architect of the Baroque period, b. at Trent, 1642; d. at ...Pozzuoli
(PUTEOLANA) The city of Pozzuoli in the province of Naples, southern Italy, on the gulf of ...Pr 155
Pr 155
Prémare, Joseph Henri Marie de
Joseph Henri Marie de Prémare, missionary and sinologist, born at Cherbourg, 17 July, 1666; ...Prémontré, Abbey of
Located about twelve miles west of Laon, Department of Aisne, France ; founded by St. Norbert. ...Prüm
A former Benedictine abbey in Lorraine, now in the Diocese of Trier, founded by a Frankish ...Prades, Jean-Martin de
A theologian, born about 1720 at Castelsarrasin ( Diocese of Montauban ), died in 1782 at ...Prado, Jerome de
Exegete, b. at Baeza in Spain, 1547; d. at Rome, 13 Jan., 1595. He entered the Society of ...Praelatus Nullius
(i.e. Dioceseos) A prelate who exercises quasi-episcopal jurisdiction in a territory not ...Pragmatic Sanction
( pragmatica sanctio , lex , jussio , also pragmatica or pragmaticum ) Pragmatic ...Pragmatism
Pragmatism, as a tendency in philosophy, signifies the insistence on usefulness or practical ...Prague
(PRAGENSIS). An archdiocese in Bohemia. From about the middle of the sixth century Slavonic ...Prague, University of
The University of Prague was founded by Charles IV with the consent of the Estates on the model ...Praxeas
An early anti- Montanist, is known to us only by Tertullian's book "Adversus Praxean". His name ...Praxedes and Pudentiana
Martyrs of an unknown era. The seventh-century itineraries to the graves of the Roman martyrs ...Pray Brethren
The exhortation (" Pray brethren that my sacrifice and yours be acceptable to God the Father ...Pray, George
Abbot, canon, librarian of the University library of Buda, and important Hungarian historian, b. ...Prayer
(Greek euchesthai , Latin precari , French prier , to plead, to beg, to ask earnestly). ...Prayer of Christ, Feast of the
This feast occurs on the Tuesday after Septuagesima (double major). Its object is to ...Prayer of Quiet
The Prayer of Quiet is regarded by all writers on mystical theology as one of the degrees of ...Prayer, Lord's
Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ...Prayer-Books
By "prayer-books" usage generally understands a collection of forms of prayer intended for ...Prayers for the Dead
This subject will be treated under the following three heads: I. General Statement and Proof of ...Preacher Apostolic
A dignitary of the pontifical household. As a regular function, under special Regulations, this ...Preachers, Order of
As the Order of the Friars Preachers is the principal part of the entire Order of St. Dominic, we ...Preadamites
The supposed inhabitants of the earth prior to Adam. Strictly speaking, the expression ought to be ...Prebend
The right of a member of a chapter to his share in the revenues of the cathedral ; also the ...Precaria
( Preces , prayers ). A precaria is a contract granting to a petitioner the use and ...Precedence
( Latin præcedere , to go before another). Precedence signifies the right to enjoy ...Precentor
(Latin Præcentor , from præ , before- cantor singer). A word describing ...Precept
( Precept: From the Latin præceptum from præcipere , to command). Precept , ...Precious Blood
The blood of our Divine Saviour. Jesus, at the Last Supper, ascribes to it the same life-giving ...Precious Blood, Archconfraternity of the Most
Confraternities which made it their special object to venerate the Blood of Christ first arose in ...Precious Blood, Congregation of the Most
An association of secular priests living in community, whose principal aim is to give missions ...Precious Blood, Congregations of the
I. BERNADINES OF THE PRECIOUS BLOOD A congregation of nuns, no longer in existence, founded by ...Precious Blood, Feast of the Most
For many dioceses there are two days to which the Office of the Precious Blood has been ...Precipiano, Humbert-Guillaume de, Count
Born at Besançon, 1626; died at Brussels, 7 June, 1711. Having studied the classics at ...Preconization
(Latin præconizare , to publish, from præco , herald, public crier) This word ...Predestinarianism
Predestinarianism is a heresy not unfrequently met with in the course of the centuries which ...Predestination
Predestination ( Latin prœ , destinare ), taken in its widest meaning, is every Divine ...Preface
( Latin Præfatio ). The first part of the Eucharistic prayers ( Anaphora or Canon) in ...Prefect Apostolic
( Latin prœfectus, one put over or in charge of something) During the last few ...Prefecture Apostolic (Supplemental List)
(SUPPLEMENTAL LIST) An account is here given of the prefectures Apostolic that have been ...Prelate
Real Prelate, the incumbent of a prelature, i.e., of an ecclesiastical office with special and ...Premonstratensian Canons
(C ANONICI R EGULARES P RÆMONSTRATENSES ). Founded in 1120 by St. Norbert at ...Presbyterianism
Presbyterianism in a wide sense is the system of church government by representative assemblies ...Presbytery
The part of the church reserved for the higher clergy was known in antiquity by various names, ...Prescription
(Latin prœ , before, and scribere , to write, in later legal Latin involving the idea ...Prescription in Civil Jurisprudence
Prescription "in some form and under some name" is said to have existed as a part of the municipal ...Presence of God
Doctrinal All solid devotion and devotional practices must be founded upon the truths of ...Presence, Real
In this article we shall consider: the fact of the Real Presence , which is, indeed, the central ...Presentation Brothers
In the early part of the nineteenth century when the Penal Laws were relaxed, and the ban which ...Presentation of Mary, Congregation of the
This congregation, devoted to the education of young girls, was founded in 1796 at Theuyts, ...Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Feast of the
The Protoevangel of James, the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew, the Gospel of the Nativity of Mary, and ...Presentation, Feast of the
Also called: Purification of the Blessed Virgin (Greek Hypapante ), Feast of the Presentation of ...Presentation, Order of the
An Order founded at Cork, Ireland, by Nano (Honoria) Nagle (see below). In 1775 she entered with ...Presentation, Religious Congregations of the
(1) Daughters of the Presentation , founded in 1627 by Nicolas Sanguin (b. 1580; d. 1653), ...Presentation, Right of
Out of gratitude for the foundation or endowment of churches and benefices, the Church grants ...Prester John
Name of a legendary Eastern priest and king. FIRST STAGE The mythical journey to Rome of a ...Preston, Thomas
( Alias R OGER W IDDRINGTON ). Benedictine, d. in the Clink prison, 5 April, 1640. He ...Preston, Thomas Scott
The Vicar-General of New York, prothonotary Apostolic, chancellor, distinguished convert, ...Presumption
(Latin praesumere , "to take before", "to take for granted"). Presumption is here ...Presumption
(IN CANON LAW) A term signifying a reasonable conjecture concerning something doubtful, drawn ...Pretorium
This name is derived from the Latin prætorium, in later Greek tò ...Pride
Pride is the excessive love of one's own excellence. It is ordinarily accounted one of the seven ...Priene
A titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus. The foundation of the town of Priene dates ...Priest
This word (etymologically "elder", from presbyteros , presbyter ) has taken the meaning of ...Priest, Assistant
The assistant priest ( presbyter assistens , anciently called capellanus ) is the first and ...Priest, High
The high-priest in the Old Testament is called by various names: the priest ( Numbers 3:6 ); ...Priesthood
The word priest (Germ. Priester ; Fr. prêtre ; Ital. prete ) is derived from the ...Priestly Perseverance, Association of
A sacerdotal association founded in 1868 at Vienna, and at first confined to that Archdiocese. ...Priests' Communion League
An association of priests established at Rome on 20 July, 1906, in the Church of San ...Priests' Eucharistic League
I. Object The Priests' Eucharistic League (Confraternitas sacerdotalis adorationis Sanctissimi ...Priests, Confraternities of
Three confraternities of priests -- the Apostolic Union, the Priests' Eucharistic League, ...Primacy
(Latin primatus, primus , first). The supreme episcopal jurisdiction of the pope as ...Primadicci, James
(Or Primadizzi.) Born at Bologna; died in the same city in 1460. As early as the year 1426 he ...Primate
(Lat. primas, from primus, "first"). In the Western Church a primate is a bishop ...Prime
I. THE NAME The name Prime ( prima hora ) belongs with those of Terce, Sext, None, to the ...Primer, The
The common English name for a book of devotions which from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century ...Primicerius
(Etymologically primus in cera , sc. in tabula cerata , the first in a list of a class of ...Primus and Felician, Saints
Suffered martyrdom about 304 in the Diocletian persecution. The "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" ...Prince Albert, Diocese of
A suffragan see of St. Boniface, Manitoba, in the Province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Originally ...Prior
A monastic superior. In the Rule of St. Benedict the term prior occurs several times, but ...Prioress
(Priorissa, Praeposita). A superioress in a monastic community for women. The term prioress ...Priory
A monastery whose superior is a prior. The Dominicans, Augustinian Hermits, Carthusians, ...Prisca, Saint
She was a martyr of the Roman Church, whose dates are unknown. The name Prisca or Priscilla ...Priscianus
Latin grammarian, born at Caesarea (Mauretania) , taught at Constantinople under Anastatius I ...Priscilla and Aquila
( Or Prisca.) Jewish tentmakers, who left Rome (Aquila was a native of Pontus ) in the ...Priscillianism
This heresy originated in Spain in the fourth century and was derived from the Gnostic - ...Prisons
I. IN ANCIENT TIMES Many jurisconsults and Scriptural interpreters include imprisonment among ...Prisons, Ecclesiastical
It is plain from many decrees in the "Corpus Juris Canonici" that the Church has claimed and ...Privilege
( Latin, privilegium , like priva lex ) Privilege is a permanent concession made by a ...Privileged Altar
An altar is said to be privileged when, in addition to the ordinary fruits of the Eucharistic ...Privileges, Ecclesiastical
Ecclesiastical privileges are exceptions to the Law made in favour of the clergy or in favour ...Proba, Faltonia
A Christian poetess of the fourth century. The name Faltonia is doubtful and is apparently due ...Probabilism
Probabilism is the moral system which holds that, when there is question solely of the ...Probus, Marcus Aurelius
Roman Emperor, 276-82, raised to the throne by the army in Syria to succeed Tacitus. Of humble ...Probus, Tarachus, and Andronicus, Saints
Martyrs of the Diocletian persecution (about 304). The "Martyrologium Hieronymian." contains the ...Processional Cross
A processional cross is simply a crucifix which is carried at the head of a procession, and ...Processional, Roman
Strictly speaking it might be said that the Processional has no recognized place in the Roman ...Processions
Processions, an element in all ceremonial, are to be found, as we should expect, in almost every ...Processus and Martinian, Saints
The dates of these martyrs are unknown. The "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (ed. De ...Proclus, Saint
Patriarch of Constantinople. Saint Proclus died in 446 or 447. Proclus came to the fore in the ...Proconnesus
(PRŒCONNESUS) A titular see in Hellespont. Proconnesus was the name of an island ...Procopius of Caesarea
Byzantine historian, b. in the latter years of the fifth century at Caesarea in Palestine , d. ...Procter, Adelaide Anne
Poetess and philanthropist, b. in London, England, 30 October, 1825; d. in London, 2 February, ...Procurator
A person who manages the affairs of another by virtue of a charge received from him. There are ...Profession, Religious
HISTORICAL VIEW Profession may be considered either as a declaration openly made, or as a state ...Promise, Divine
The term promise in Holy Writ both in its nominal and verbal form embraces not only promises ...Promotor Fidei
(P ROMOTER OF THE F AITH ). An official of the Roman Congregation of Rites. The office ...Promulgation
( Latin promulgare, to make known, to post in public). I. PROMULGATION IN GENERAL This is the ...Proof
Proof is the establishment of a disputed or controverted matter by lawful means or arguments. ...Propaganda, Sacred Congregation of
The Sacred Congregation de Propaganda Fide , whose official title is "sacra congregatio ...Propagation of the Faith, The Society for the
This society is an international association for the assistance by prayers and alms of ...Property
I. NOTION OF PROPERTY The proprietor or owner of a thing, in the current acceptation of the word, ...Property, Ecclesiastical
Abstract Right of Ownership That the Church has the right to acquire and possess temporal ...Property, Ecclesiastical, in the United States
The Third Plenary Council of Baltimore decreed (tit. IX, cap. i, n. 264): "We must hold, ...Prophecy
As the term is used in mystical theology , it applies both to the prophecies of canonical ...Prophecy, Prophet, and Prophetess
I. IN THE OLD TESTAMENT A. Introduction Yahweh had forbidden Israel all kinds of oracles in ...Proprium
The Proprium de tempore and the Proprium Sanctorum form in the present liturgy the two ...Proschko, Franz Isidor
A well-known Austrian author, born at Hohenfurt, Bohemia, 2 April, 1816; died at Vienna, 6 ...Prose or Sequence
I. DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Sequence ( Sequentia )–or, more accurately as ...Proselyte
( proselytos , stranger or newcomer; Vulgate, advena ). The English term "proselyte" ...Proske, Karl
Born at Grobing in Upper Silesia, 11 Feb., 1794; died 20 Dec., 1861. He took his degree as Doctor ...Prosper of Aquitaine, Tiro
The first sure date in the life of Prosper is that of his letter to St. Augustine written ...Protasius and Gervasius, Saints
Martyrs of Milan, probably in the second century, patrons of the city of Milan and of ...Protector, Altar
A cover made of cloth, baize or velvet which is placed on the table of the altar, during the ...Protectorate of Missions
The right of protection exercised by a Christian power in an infidel country with regard to ...Protectories
The institutions for the shelter and training of the young, designed to afford neglected or ...Protestant Episcopal Church
The history of this religious organization divides itself naturally into two portions: the period ...Protestantism
The subject will be treated under the following heads, viz.: I. Origin of the Name. II. ...Prothonotary Apostolic
A member of the highest college of prelates in the Roman Curia, and also of the honorary ...Protocol
The formula used at the beginning of public acts drawn up by notaries, e.g., mention of the reign, ...Protopope
A priest of higher rank in the Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches, corresponding in ...Protus and Hyacinth, Saints
Martyrs during the persecution of Valerian (257-9). The day of their annual commemoration is ...Prout, Father
The name by which the Rev. Francis Sylvester Mahony (O'Mahony), author of "The Bells of ...Provancher, Léon Abel
Naturalist, b. 10 March, 1820, in the parish of Béconcourt, Nicolet county, Province of ...Proverbs, Book of
One of the Sapiential writings of the Old Testament placed in the Hebrew Bible among the ...Providence, Congregations of (I)
Founded at Paris, by Madame Polaillon (Marie de Lumague), a devout widow. In 1643 Madame ...Providence, Congregations of (II)
(St. Mary-of-the-Woods) Among the teaching religious orders that originated in France at ...Providence, Congregations of (III)
SISTERS OF CHARITY The Sisters of xxyyyk.htm">Providence, known also as Sisters of ...Providence, Congregations of (IV)
Founded at Turin in 1834 by the Marchesa Julia Falletti de Barolo for the care of children and ...Providence, Congregations of (V)
SISTERS OF THE INSTITUTE OF CHARITY An offshoot from the Sisters of xxyyyk.htm">Providence, ...Providence, Diocese of
(PROVIDENTIENSIS) Co-extensive with the State of Rhode Island . When erected (17 Feb., 1872) ...Providence, Divine
( Latin, Providentia ; Greek, pronoia ). Providence in general, or foresight, is a ...Province, Ecclesiastical
The name given to an ecclesiastical administrative district under the jurisdiction of an ...Provincial
An officer acting under the superior general of a religious order, and exercising a general ...Provincial Council
A deliberative assembly of the bishops of an ecclesiastical province, summoned and presided ...Provision, Canonical
Canonical Provision is a term signifying regular induction into a benefice, comprising three ...Provisors, Statute of
The English statute usually so designated is the 25th of Edward III, St. 4 (1350-1), otherwise ...Provost
(Latin, prœpositus; French, prévôt; German, Probst ) Anciently (St. ...Prudence
(Latin prudentia , contracted from providentia , seeing ahead). One of the four ...Prudentius
(GALINDO) A Bishop of Troyes, born in Spain ; died at Troyes on 6 April, 861; celebrated ...Prudentius, Aurelius Clemens
A Christian poet, born in the Tarraconensis, Northern Spain, 348; died probably in Spain, ...Prusias ad Hypium
Titular see, suffragan of Claudiopolis in the Honoriad. Memnon, the historian, says that Prusias ...Prussia
The Kingdom of Prussia at the present time covers 134,616 square miles and includes about 64.8 ...Przemysl
(PREMISLIENSIS) Latin see in Galicia, suffragan of Lemberg. After conquering Halicz and ...Przemysl, Sambor, and Sanok
(PREMISLIENSIS, SAMBORIENSIS, ET SANOCHIENSIS) A Græco-Ruthenian Uniat diocese of ...Ps 7
Ps 7
Psalms
The Psalter, or Book of Psalms, is the first book of the "Writings" ( Kethubhim or Hagiographa ...Psalms, Alphabetic
Alphabetic psalms are so called because their successive verses, or successive parallel series, ...Psalterium
The Psalterium, or Book of the Psalms, only concerns us here in so far as it was transcribed ...Psaume, Nicholas
(also PSAULME, PREAUME, Latin PSALMÆUS) Bishop of Verdun, born at Chaumont-sur-Aire in ...Psellus, Michael
( Michael ho Psellos ), Byzantine statesman, scholar, and author, born apparently at ...Psychology
(Greek psyche, logos ; Latin psychologia; French psychologie; German Seelenkunde ) In ...Psychotherapy
(from the Greek psyche , "mind", and therapeuo , "I cure") Psychotherapy is that ...Pt 3
Pt 3
Ptolemais
Ptolemais, a titular see in Egypt, metropolis of Thebais Secunda. Ptolemais owes its name to ...Ptolemais
(SAINT-JEAN D'ACRE) Ptolemais, a titular metropolis in Phoenicia Prima, or Maritima. The ...Ptolemy the Gnostic
A heretic of the second century and personal disciple of Valentinus. He was probably still ...Pu 31
Pu 31
Public Authority
Civil Authority is the moral power of command, supported (when need be) by physical coercion, ...Public Honesty (Decency)
A diriment matrimonial impediment consisting in a relationship, which arises from a valid ...Publican
Publican , in the Gospels, is derived from the publicanus of the Vulgate, and signifies a ...Pueblo Indians
NAME From the Spanish word meaning "village" or "town". A term used collectively to designate ...Puget, Pierre
A painter, sculptor, architect, and naval constructor, born at Marseilles, 31 Oct., 1622; died ...Pugh, George Ellis
A jurist and statesman, born at Cincinnati, Ohio., 28 November, 1822; died there, 19 July, 1876. ...Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore
Architect and archeologist, born in London, 1 March, 1812; died at Ramsgate, 14 September, 1852; ...Puiseux, Victor-Alexandre
French mathematician and astronomer, b. 16 April, 1820, at Argenteuil (Seine-et-Oise); d. 9 ...Pulaski, Casimir
Patriot and soldier, b. at Winiary, Poland, 4 March, 1748; d. on the Wasp, in the harbour of ...Pulati
(The Diocese of Pulati: Pulatensis or Polatinensis ). The ancient Pulati in Albania no ...Pulcheria, Saint
Empress of the Eastern Roman Empire, eldest daughter of the Emperor Arcadius, b. 19 Jan., 399; d. ...Pulci, Luigi
An Italian poet, born at Florence, 15 Aug., 1432; died at Padua in 1484. The Pulci gave many ...Pullen, Robert
(POLENIUS, PULLAN, PULLEIN, PULLENUS, PULLY, LA POULE) See also ROBERT PULLEN. Died 1147 (?). ...Pullus, Robert
(PULLEN, PULLAN, PULLY.) See also ROBERT PULLEN. Cardinal, English philosopher and ...Pulpit
( Latin pulpitum , a stage or scaffold) An elevated stand to preach on. To elucidate the ...Punishment, Capital
The infliction by due legal process of the penalty of death as a punishment for crime. The ...Puno
DIOCESE OF PUNO (PUNIENSIS) Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lima in Peru. Its jurisdiction ...Purcell, John Baptist
Archbishop of Cincinnati, born at Mallow, Ireland, 26 Feb., 1800; died at the convent of the ...Purgative Way
The word state is used in various senses by theologians and spiritual writers. It may be ...Purgatorial Societies
Pious associations or confraternities in the Catholic Church, which have as their purpose to ...Purgatory
The subject is treated under these heads: I. Catholic Doctrine II. Errors III. Proofs IV. Duration ...Purgatory, St. Patrick's
Lough Derg, Ireland. This celebrated sanctuary in Donegal, in the Diocese of Clogher, dates ...Purim
(P HURIM ). The origin of the name is disputed: some derive it from the Persian pure ...Puritans
One of the chief difficulties in studying the various movements loosely spoken of as Puritanism is ...Pusey and Puseyism
Edward Bouverie Pusey, born at Pusey House, Berkshire, 22 Aug., 1800; died at Ascot Priory, ...Pustet
The name of a family of well-known Catholic publishers. The original home of the Pustets was ...Putative Marriage
Putative (Latin, putativus supposed) signifies that which is commonly thought, reputed, or ...Puteanus, Erycius
(ERRIJCK DE PUT) Born at Venloo, in Dutch Limbourg, 4 Nov., 1574; died at Louvain, 17 Sept., ...Putzer, Joseph
Theologian and canonist, b. at Rodaneck, Tyrol, 4 March, 1836; d. at Ilchester, Md., 15 May, ...Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre
French painter, b. at Lyons, 14 Dec., 1824; d. at Paris, 24 Oct., 1898. Through his father ...Puyallup Indians
An important tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, formerly holding the territory along the river of ...Py 4
Py 4
Pyrker, Johann Ladislaus von Oberwart
(FELSÖ-EÖR) He was born at Langh near Stuhlweissenburg, Hungary, 2 Nov., 1772; died ...Pyrrhonism
Pyrrhonism is a system of scepticism, the founder of which was Pyrrho, a Greek philosopher, ...Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism
Pythagoras, the Greek philosopher and mathematician and founder of the Pythagorean school, ...FREE Catholic Classes Pick a class, you can learn anything
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