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( Ekron ).

The most northern of the five principal Philistine cities ( Joshua 13:3 ; 15:11 ; 15:46 ). We do not know whether it was founded by the Philistines or the Hevites. It was first given to the tribe of Juda ( Joshua 15:11 ; 15:45 ) and then to Dan ( Joshua 19:43 ). Juda conquered it for a time ( Judges 1:18 ), but it fell again into the hands of the Philistines, who brought here the captive ark of the covenant after it had passed through Azotus and Geth ( 1 Samuel 5:10 ). It came near being reconquered by Israel after the defeat of Goliath ( 1 Samuel 7:14 ). The city possessed a famous sanctuary of Beelzebub ( 2 Kings 1:2-3 ; 1:6 ; 1:16 ), and was often denounced by the prophets ( Jeremiah 25:20 ; Amos 1:8 ; Zephaniah 2:4 ; Zechariah 9:5 ). King Alexander Bales gave the city to Jonathan Machabeus ( 1 Maccabees 10:89 ). Robinson identified it with the village Akir, a station on the railway from Jaffa to Jerusalem.

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Aër Aer (Greek aer , "the air"). The largest and outer-most covering of the chalice and paten in ...
Aërius of Pontus Aeris of Pontus A friend and fellow ascetic of Eustathius, who became Bishop of Sebaste (355), and who ...
Aëtius Aetius A Roman general, patrician, and consul, b. towards the end of the fourth century; d. 454. He ...
Añazco, Pedro de Pedro de Anazco Born at Chachapoyas (Peru) in 1550; died at Asuncion, Paraguay, 1605. His father was Pedro de ...
Aachen Aachen (In French, Aix-la-Chapelle , the name by which the city is generally known; in Latin Aquae ...
Aarhus, Ancient See of Ancient See of Aarhus in Denmark (ARUSIA, ARUSIENSIS). The diocese included the provinces (amter) of Aarhus and Randers, ...
Aaron Aaron Brother of Moses, and High Priest of the Old Law. I. LIFE Altogether different views are ...
Abachum, Audifax, Martha, and Maris, Saints Sts. Maris, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum All martyred at Rome in 270. Maris and his wife Martha, who belonged to the Persian nobility, ...
Abaddon Abaddon A Hebrew word signifying: ruin, destruction ( Job 31:12 ); place of destruction; the ...
Abandonment Abandonment (More properly, S ELF -A BANDONMENT ) A term used by writers of ascetical and mystical ...
Abarca, Pedro Pedro Abarca Theologian, born in Aragon in 1619; died 1 October, 1693, at Palencia. He entered the Society ...
Abarim Abarim ( Hebrew har ha'abharim, hare ha'abharim ; Septuagint to oros to Abarim, en to peran tou ...
Abbé Abbe A French word meaning primarily and strictly an abbot or superior of a monastery of men. It came ...
Abba Abba Abba is the Aramaic word for "father." The word occurs three times in the New Testament ( Mark ...
Abbadie, Antoine d' Antoine d'Abbadie Antoine d'Abbadie Astronomer, geodetist, genographer, physician, numismatist, philologian, born ...
Abban of Magheranoidhe, Saint St. Abban of Magheranoidhe (Magheranoidhe is also rendered Murneave or Murnevin). Nephew of St. Ibar, the apostle of ...
Abban of New Ross, Saint St. Abban of New Ross St. Abban of New Ross -- also known as St. Ewin, Abhan, or Evin, but whose name has been locally ...
Abban the Hermit, Saint St. Abban the Hermit Though he lived in Abingdon ( England ), he was certainly an Irishman. He is commemorated on ...
Abbeloos, Jean Baptiste Jean Baptiste Abbeloos Orientalist, born 15 January, 1836, at Goyck, Belgium; died 25 February, 1906. He was educated ...
Abbess Abbess The female superior in spirituals and temporals of a community of twelve or more nuns. With a few ...
Abbey Abbey A monastery canonically erected and autonomous, with a community of not fewer than twelve ...
Abbo Cernuus Abbo Cernuus ("The crooked"). French Benedictine monk of St-Germain-des-Prés in Paris, sometimes ...
Abbon, Saint St. Abbon (Or ABBO.) Born near Orléans c. 945; died at Fleury, 13 November, 1004, a monk of ...
Abbot Abbot A title given to the superior of a community of twelve or more monks. The name is derived from abba ...
Abbot, Commendatory Commendatory Abbot An ecclesiastic, or sometimes a layman, who holds an abbey in commendam, that is, who draws its ...
Abbot, Henry Henry Abbot Layman, martyred at York, 4 July, 1597, pronounced Venerable in 1886. His acts are thus related ...
Abbot, Lay Lay Abbot ( abbatocomes, abbas laicus, abbas miles ). A name used to designate a layman on whom a king ...
Abbreviation, Methods of Methods of Abbreviation The use of abbreviations is due, in part, to exigencies arising from the nature of the materials ...
Abbreviations, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Abbreviations The words most commonly abbreviated at all times are proper names , titles (official or ...
Abbreviators Abbreviators ( Abbreviare = "shorten", "curtail"). Abbreviators are those who make an abridgment or ...
Abdera Abdera A titular see in the province of Rhodope on the southern coast of Thrace, now called Bouloustra. ...
Abdias Abdias (A Minor Prophet). This name is the Greek form of the Hebrew `Obhádhyah , which means ...
Abdias of Babylon Abdias of Babylon An apocryphal writer, said to have been one of the seventy-two Disciples of Christ, and first ...
Abdication Abdication Abdication, ecclesiastically considered, is the resignation of a benefice or clerical dignity. ...
Abdon and Sennen, Saints Sts. Abdon and Sennan (Variously written in early calendars and martyrologies Abdo, Abdus; Sennes, Sennis, Zennen.) ...
Abduction Abduction Abduction may be considered as a public crime and a matrimonial diriment impediment. Viewed as a ...
Abecedaria Abecedaria Complete or partial lists of letters of the alphabet, chiefly Greek and Latin, inscribed on ...
Abecedarians Abecedarians A sect of Anabaptists who affected an absolute disdain for all human knowledge, contending ...
Abel Abel (Son of Adam) (From the Hebrew word for Vanity , "probably so called from the shortness of his ...
Abel Abel (Place Name) ("Meadow") Name of several places distinguished by additional words: (1) Abel-Beth-Maacha ...
Abel, Blessed Thomas Blessed Thomas Abel (Also ABLE, or ABELL.) Priest and martyr, born about 1497; died 30 July, 1540. He was ...
Abelard, Peter Peter Abelard Dialectician, philosopher, and theologian, born 1079; died 1142. Peter Abelard (also spelled ...
Abelly, Louis Louis Abelly Louis Abelly (1603-91) was Vicar-General of Bayonne, a parish priest in Paris, and ...
Aben-Ezra, Abraham-ben-Méir Abraham-Ben-Meir Aben-Ezra (Or IBN 'EZRA). A celebrated Spanish Rabbi, born at Toledo in 1092; died on his journey from ...
Abenakis Abenakis A confederation of Algonquin tribes, comprising the Penobscots, Passamaquoddies, Norridgewocks, ...
Abercius, Inscription of Inscription of Abercius A Greek hagiographical text, which has, however, undergone alterations, and a Greek inscription ...
Abercromby, John John Abercromby Died 1561. During the Scottish Reformation we know that the Catholic clergy were treated with ...
Abercromby, Robert Robert Abercromby (Sometimes known as Sanders and as Robertson). A Jesuit missionary in Scotland in the time ...
Aberdeen, The Diocese of Aberdeen (Scotland). A see was founded in 1063 at Mortlach by Bl. Beyn. The earliest mention of the old ...
Aberdeen, The University of The University of Aberdeen The founder of this, one of the three universities established in Scotland in Catholic times, ...
Aberle, Moritz von Moritz von Aberle Catholic theologian, b. at Rottum, near Biberach, in Swabia, 25 April, 1819; d. at Tübingen, ...
Abgar, The Legend of The Legend of Abgar The historian Eusebius records a tradition (H.E., I, xii), which he himself firmly believes, ...
Abhan, Saint St. Abban of New Ross St. Abban of New Ross -- also known as St. Ewin, Abhan, or Evin, but whose name has been locally ...
Abiathar Abiathar ( Hebrew ebhyathar , Father of plenty, or, the great one is father). Descendant of ...
Abila Abila A titular see of Phoenicia, in the region of Mt. Libanus, now Suk Wady Barada, near Damascus, ...
Abingdon, The Abbey of The Abbey of Abingdon This abbey, located in the County of Berkshire, England, was founded A.D. 675, by Cyssa, ...
Abington, Thomas Thomas Abington (Or HABINGTON). An English antiquarian, b. 1560; d. 1647. His father, who was treasurer to ...
Abiogenesis and Biogenesis Biogenesis and Abiogenesis According to their Greek derivation these two terms refer to the origin of life. Biogenesis is ...
Abipones Abipones This Indian tribe, linguistically of Guaycuru stock, formerly roaming the east side of the ...
Abisai Abisai ( Abhishay, abhshay ; Septuagint Abessa, Abisai ). Son of David's sister Sarvia, and ...
Abjuration Abjuration A denial, disavowal, or renunciation under oath. In common ecclesiastical language this term ...
Abner Abner A son of Ner, a cousin of Saul, and commander-in-chief of Saul's army ( 1 Samuel 14:50 ; 17:55 ; ...
Abomination of Desolation, The The Abomination of Desolation The importance of this Scriptural expression is chiefly derived from the fact that in Matthew ...
Abortion Abortion Abortion (from the Latin word aboriri , "to perish") may be briefly defined as "the loss of a ...
Abortion, Physical Effects of Physical Effects of Abortion Definition The expulsion of the human ovum occurring during the first three months of pregnancy, ...
Abra de Raconis, Charles François d' Charles Francois d'Abra de Raconis A French bishop, born at the Château de Raconis in 1580 of a Calvinistic family ; died ...
Abrabanel, Don Isaac Don Isaac Abrabanel (Also: Abravanel, Abarbanel). Jewish statesman, apologist and exegete, born in Lisbon ...
Abraham Abraham The original form of the name, Abram , is apparently the Assyrian Abu-ramu . It is doubtful ...
Abraham (in Liturgy) Abraham (In Liturgy) While of peculiar interest to the liturgiologist (especially in the classification of the ...
Abraham a Sancta Clara Abraham a Sancta Clara A Discalced Augustinian friar, preacher, and author of popular books of devotion, b. at ...
Abraham Ecchelensis Abraham Ecchelensis A learned Maronite, born in Hekel, or Ecchel (hence his surname), a village on Mount Lebanon, in ...
Abraham, The Bosom of The Bosom of Abraham In the Holy Bible , the expression "the Bosom of Abraham " is found only in two verses of St. ...
Abrahamites Abrahamites (1) Syrian heretics of the ninth century. They were called Brachiniah by the Arabs, from the ...
Abram, Nicholas Nicholas Abram Jesuit theologian, born in 1589, at Xaronval, in Lorraine; died 7 September, 1655. He taught ...
Abrasax Abrasax The study of Abrasax is, at first sight, as discouraging as it is possible to imagine. The name ...
Absalom Absalom ( Abhshalom in Hebrew; Abessalom, Apsalomos in Greek). The name of several distinguished ...
Absalon of Lund Absalon of Lund Also known as AXEL, a famous Danish prelate, b. in 1128, at Finnestoë in Seeland; d. 21 ...
Absinthe Absinthe ( Hebrew la'anah .) Wormwood, known for its repulsive bitterness ( Jeremiah 9:15 ; 23:15 ; ...
Absolute, The The Absolute A term employed in modern philosophy with various meanings, but applied generally speaking to ...
Absolution Absolution ( Ab = from; solvere = to free) Absolution is the remission of sin, or of the punishment ...
Abstemii Abstemii An abstemius is one who cannot take wine without risk of vomiting. As, therefore, the ...
Abstinence Abstinence Inasmuch as abstinence signifies abstaining from food, the Bible narrative points to the first ...
Abstinence, Physical Effects of Physical Effects of Abstinence The effects on the human system of abstinence from flesh meats divide themselves naturally and ...
Abstraction Abstraction ( Latin abs , from trahere , to draw). Abstraction is a process (or a faculty) by which the ...
Abthain Abthain (Or ABTHANE). An English or Lowland Scotch form of the middle-Latin word abthania (Gaelic, ...
Abucara, Theodore Theodore Abucara A bishop of Caria in Syria ; d., probably, in 770. In his anti-heretical dialogues (P.G., ...
Abundius Abundius An Italian bishop, b. at Thessalonica early in the fifth century; d. 469. He was the fourth ...
Abydus Abydus (ABYDOS). A titular see of Troas in Asia Minor , suffragan of Cyzicus in the ...
Abyss Abyss (Greek abyssos ). Abyss is primarily and classically an adjective, meaning deep, very deep ...
Abyssinia Abyssinia Geography Abyssinia, extending from the sixth to the fifteenth degree of north latitude, and ...
Acacia Acacia (In Hebrew shíttah , plural shíttîm ; Theod. pyxos ; Vulgate, spina ...
Acacians, The The Acacians Known also as the HOMOEANS, an Arian sect which first emerged into distinctness as an ...
Acacius Acacius (Bishop of Beroea) Bishop of Beroea. Born in Syria c. 322; died c. 432. While still very young he became a monk ...
Acacius Acacius (Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine) Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine, disciple and biographer of Eusebius, the historian, whose ...
Acacius Acacius (Patriarch of Constantinople) Patriarch of Constantinople; Schismatic ; d. 489. When Acacius first appears in authentic ...
Acacius, Saint St. Acacius Bishop of Melitene in the third century. The Greeks venerate him on different days, but ...
Academies, Roman Roman Academies The Italian Renaissance at its apogee [from the close of the Western Schism (1418) to the ...
Academy, The French The French Academy The French Academy was founded by Cardinal de Richelieu in 1635. For several years a number of ...
Acadia Acadia The precise location and extent of Acadia was a subject of constant dispute and consequent ...
Acanthus Acanthus (Titular See) A titular see of Macedonia, on the Strymonic Gulf, now known as Erisso. Its inhabitants were ...
Acanthus Acanthus (Plant) A plant, indigenous to middle Europe, the leaf of which has served in all ages as an ornament, or ...
Acathistus Acathistus (Akathistos) (Greek akathistos ; a privative, kathizo "sit"; i.e. not sitting; standing). The title ...
Acca, Saint St. Acca Bishop of Hexham, and patron of learning (c. 660-742). Acca was a Northumbrian by birth and ...
Accaron Accaron ( Ekron ). The most northern of the five principal Philistine cities ( Joshua 13:3 ; 15:11 ...
Accentus Ecclesiasticus Accentus Ecclesiasticus The counterpart of concentus . In the ancient Church music all that portion of the liturgical ...
Acceptance Acceptance Acceptance, in canon law, the act by which one receives a thing with approbation or ...
Acceptants Acceptants Those Jansenists who accepted without any reserve or mental restriction the Bull Unigenitus ...
Accession Accession (From Latin accedere , to go to; hence, to be added to). Accession is a method of acquiring ...
Accessus Accessus A term applied to the voting in conclave for the election of a pope, by which a cardinal ...
Acciajuoli Acciajuoli Name of three cardinals belonging to an illustrious Florentine family of this name. ANGELO, ...
Accident Accident [Latin accidere , to happen what happens to be in a subject; any contingent, or nonessential ...
Acclamation Acclamation ( Latin ad , to, clamare , to cry out). IN CIVIC LIFE The word acclamatio (in the plural, ...
Acclamation (in Papal Elections) Acclamation (In Papal Elections) One of the forms of papal election . The method of electing the Roman Pontiff is contained in ...
Accommodation, Biblical Biblical Accommodation We shall consider (1) what is meant by biblical accommodation; (2) its use in Sacred Scripture; ...
Accomplice Accomplice A term generally employed to designate a partner in some form of evildoing. An accomplice is one ...
Accursius, Francesco Francesco Accursius ( Italian Accorso ). (1)FRANCESCO ACCURSIUS (1182-1260) A celebrated Italian jurisconsult of ...
Acephali Acephali A term applied to the Eutychians who withdrew from Peter Mongus, the Monophysite Patriarch of ...
Acerenza Acerenza (ACHERONTIA.) This archdiocese, in the provinces of Lecce and Potenza, Italy, has been ...
Achéry, Lucas d' Lucas d'Achery French Benedictine (Maurist), born 1609 at Saint Quentin in Picardy; died in the monastery of ...
Achab Achab ( 'A'h'abh, Achaab in Jeremiah 29:22 , 'Ehabh, Achiab ) Son of Amri and King of Israel, ...
Achaia Achaia (Ægialeia). The name, before the Roman conquest in 146 B.C., of a strip of land between ...
Achaicus Achaicus A Corinthian Christian, who, together with Fortunatus and Stephanas, carried a letter from the ...
Achaz Achaz (AHAZ). King of Juda, placed variously, 741-726 B.C., 744-728, 748-727, 724-709, 734-728. It ...
Achiacharus Achiacharus Achiacharus is mentioned only once in the Vulgate version of Tobias ( 11:20 , under the form ...
Achilleus and Nereus, Domitilla and Pancratius, Saints Sts. Nereus and Achilleus, Domitilla and Pancratius The commemoration of these four Roman saints is made by the Church on 12 May, in common, and ...
Achimaas Achimaas (1) Father of Achinoam, wife of Saul ( 1 Samuel 14:50 ). (2) Son of Sadoc, the priest. He was ...
Achimelech Achimelech (1) The priest of Nobe who extended hospitality to David during his flight from the court of ...
Achitopel Achitopel Achitopel was an able and honoured counsellor of David, who joined the rebellion of Absalom. ...
Achonry Achonry (Gaelic, Achadh-Chonnaire , Connary's Field). In Ireland, suffragan to the Archdiocese of ...
Achor Valley Achor Valley The scene of the death of the "troubler" Achan, with whom its name is associated ( Joshua 7:26 ). ...
Achrida Achrida A titular see in Upper Albania, the famous metropolis and capital of the medieval kingdom of ...
Achterfeldt, Johann Heinrich Johann Heinrich Achterfeldt Theologian, b. at Wesel, 17 June, 1788; d. at Bonn, 11 May, 1877. He was appointed professor of ...
Achtermann, Theodore William Theodore William Achtermann A German sculptor, was born in 1799, at Munster in Westphalia, of poor parents. After working on ...
Aci-Reale, The Diocese of Aci-Reale (JACA REGALIS). Located in the island of Sicily ; includes fourteen communes in the civil ...
Acidalius, Valens Valens Acidalius ( German, Havekenthal ). Philologist, Latin poet, and convert to the Catholic Church, b. ...
Ackermann, Leopold Leopold Ackermann A Catholic professor of exegesis, b. in Vienna, 17 November, 1771; d. in the same city, 9 ...
Acmonia Acmonia A titular see of Phrygia Pacatiana, in Asia Minor, now known as Ahat-Keui. It is mentioned by ...
Acoemetae Acoemetae (Greek akoimetai , from privative a and koiman , to rest). Sometimes, an appellation ...
Acolouthia Acolouthia (From the Greek akoloutheo , to follow.) In ecclesiastical terminology signifies the ...
Acolyte Acolyte (Greek akolouthos ; Latin sequens, comes , a follower, an attendant). An acolyte is a ...
Acosta, Joaquín Joaquin Acosta A native of Colombia in South America, who served in the Colombian army and in 1834 attempted a ...
Acosta, José de Jose de Acosta The son of well-to-do and respected parents, born at Medina del Campo in Spain, 1540; died at ...
Acquapendente Acquapendente A diocese in Italy under the immediate jurisdiction of the Holy See, comprising seven towns ...
Acquaviva Acquaviva (Cardinals) Name of several Italian cardinals. FRANCESCO, b. 1665 at Naples, of the family of the ...
Acquaviva Acquaviva (Cardinals) Name of several Italian cardinals. FRANCESCO, b. 1665 at Naples, of the family of the ...
Acquaviva, Claudius Claudius Acquaviva Fifth General of the Society of Jesus , born October, 1543; died 31 January, 1615. He was the ...
Acqui Acqui A diocese suffragan of Turin, Italy, which contains ninety-three towns in the Province of ...
Acre Acre (SAINT-JEAN-D'ACRE). In Hebrew Accho , in the Books of MachabeesPtolemais , in Greek ...
Acre Ptolemais (SAINT-JEAN D'ACRE) Ptolemais, a titular metropolis in Phoenicia Prima, or Maritima. The ...
Acrostic Acrostic ( Akros stichos , "at the end of a verse".) A poem the initial or final letters (syllables or ...
Act of Settlement (Irish) Act of Settlement (Irish) In 1662 an act was passed by the Irish Parliament, the privileges of which were restored on the ...
Acta Pilati Acta Pilati (Or the Gospel of Nicodemus.) This work does not assume to have written by Pilate, but to have ...
Acta Sanctæ Sedis Acta Sanctae Sedis A Roman monthly publication containing the principal public documents issued by the Pope, ...
Acta Sanctorum Hiberniæ Acta Sanctorum Hiberniae The abbreviated title of a celebrated work on the Irish saints by the Franciscan, John Colgan ...
Acta Triadis Thaumaturgæ Acta Triadis Thaumaturgae (THE ACTS OF A WONDER-WORKING TRIAD) The lives of St. Patrick, St. Brigid, and St. Columba; ...
Acton, Charles Januarius Charles Januarius Acton An English cardinal, born at Naples, 6 March, 1803; died at Naples, 23 June, 1847. He was the ...
Acton, John John Acton An English canonist, after 1329 canon of Lincoln; born 1350. His name is spelled variously, ...
Acton, John Emerich Edward Dalberg, Baron Acton Lord Acton Baron Acton, Professor of Modern History at Cambridge, 1895-1902, born at Naples, 10 January, ...
Acton, John Francis Edward John Francis Edward Acton Sixth Baronet of the name, son of a Shropshire physician, born at Besançon, 3 June, 1736; ...
Acts of Roman Congregations Acts of Roman Congregations A term used to designate the documents (called also decrees) issued by the Roman Congregations in ...
Acts of the Apostles Acts of the Apostles In the accepted order of the books of the New Testament the fifth book is called The Acts of the ...
Acts of the Martyrs Acts of the Martyrs In a strict sense the Acts of the Martyrs are the official records of the trials of early ...
Acts, Canonical Canonical Acts According to the old Roman jurisprudence, acts are the registers ( acta ) in which were ...
Acts, Human Human Acts Acts are termed human when they are proper to man as man; when, on the contrary, they are ...
Acts, Indifferent Indifferent Acts A human act may be considered in the abstract ( in specie ) or in the concrete ( in ...
Actual Grace Actual Grace Grace ( gratia, Charis ), in general, is a supernatural gift of God to intellectual creatures ...
Actus et Potentia Actus Et Potentia A technical expression in scholastic phraseology. I. The terms actus and potentia were ...
Actus primus Actus Primus A technical expression used in scholastic philosophy. Actus means determination, complement, ...
Actus Purus Actus Purus A term employed in scholastic philosophy to express the absolute perfection of God. In all ...
Acuas Acuas One of the first to spread Manicheism in the Christian Orient. He was probably a Mesopotamian, ...
Ad Apostolicae Dignitatis Apicem Ad Apostolicae Dignitatis Apicem Apostolic letter issued against Emperor Frederick II by Pope Innocent IV (1243-54), during the ...
Ad Limina Apostolorum Ad Limina Apostolorum An ecclesiastical term meaning a pilgrimage to the sepulchres of St. Peter and St. Paul at ...
Ad Limina Visit Visit Ad Limina (Sc. Apostolorum ) The visit ad limina means, technically, the obligation incumbent on ...
Ad Sanctam Beati Petri Sedem Ad Sanctam Beati Petri Sedem This letter was issued by Alexander VII , and is dated at Rome, 16 October, 1656, the second ...
Ad Universalis Ecclesiae Ad Universalis Ecclesiae A papal constitution dealing with the conditions for admission to religious orders of men in ...
Adalard, Saint St. Adalard Born c. 751; d. 2 January, 827. Bernard, son of Charles Martel and half-brother of Pepin, was ...
Adalbert Adalbert Archbishop of Hamburg - Bremen ; born about 1000; died 1072 at Goslar; son of Count Friedrich ...
Adalbert I Adalbert I (Or ALBERT). Archbishop of Mainz (Mayence) 1111 to 1137. He was of the family of the Counts ...
Adalbert, Saint St. Adalbert Apostle of the Slavs, probably a native of Lorraine, d. 981. He was a German monk who was ...
Adalbert, Saint St. Adalbert Born 939 of a noble Bohemian family ; died 997. He assumed the name of the Archbishop Adalbert ...
Adam Adam The first man and the father of the human race. ETYMOLOGY AND USE OF WORD There is not a ...
Adam in Early Christian Liturgy and Literature Adam in Early Christian Liturgy and Literature Adam's importance to the Fathers and to the authors of the many apocryphal writings of the ...
Adam of Bremen Adam of Bremen A German historian and geographer of the eleventh century. The dates of his birth and death are ...
Adam of Fulda Adam of Fulda Born about 1450, died after 1537, one of the most learned musicians of his age. He was a monk of ...
Adam of Murimuth Adam of Murimuth An English chronicler of about the middle of the fourteenth century. He was a canon of St. ...
Adam of Perseigne Adam of Perseigne A French Cistercian, Abbot of the monastery of Perseigne in the Diocese of Mans, b. about the ...
Adam of St. Victor Adam of St. Victor A prominent and prolific writer of Latin Hymns, born in the latter part of the twelfth century, ...
Adam of Usk Adam of Usk An English priest, canonist, and chronicler, born at Usk, in Monmouthshire, between 1360 and ...
Adam Scotus Adam Scotus (Or THE PREMONSTRATENSIAN). A theologian and Church historian of the latter part of the ...
Adam, John John Adam A distinguished preacher and a strenuous opponent of Calvinists and Jansenists, born at Limoges ...
Adam, Nicholas Nicholas Adam Linguist and writer, b. in Paris, 1716; d. 1792. He achieved distinction by a peculiar grammar of ...
Adam, The Books of The Books of Adam The Book of Adam, or "Contradiction of Adam and Eve", is a romance made up of Oriental fables. It ...
Adami da Bolsena, Andrea Andrea Adami Da Bolsena An Italian musician b. at Bolsena, 1663; d. in Rome, 1742. Through the influence of Cardinal ...
Adamites Adamites An obscure sect, dating perhaps from the second century, which professed to have regained Adam's ...
Adamnan, Saint St. Adamnan (Eunan) (Or Eunan). Abbot of Iona, born at Drumhome, County Donegal, Ireland, c. 624; died at the ...
Adams, James James Adams Professor of humanities at St. Omers , born in England in 1737; died at Dublin, 6 December, ...
Adams, Ven. John Ven. John Adams Priest, martyred at Tyburn, 8 October, 1586. He had been a Protestant minister, but being ...
Adana Adana A diocese of Armenian rite in Asia Minor (Asiatic Turkey). This ancient Phoenician colony ...
Adar Adar (1) A frontier town in the South of Chanaan ( Numbers 34:4 ; Joshua 15:3 ). It has not been ...
Adauctus and Felix, Saints Sts. Felix and Adauctus Martyrs at Rome, 303, under Diocletian and Maximian. The Acts, first published in Ado's ...
Adda, Ferdinando d' Ferdinando d'Adda Cardinal and Papal Legate, b. at Milan, 1649; d. at Rome, 1719. He was made Cardinal-Priest ...
Addai, Doctrine of Doctrine of Addai ( Latin Doctrina Addoei ). A Syriac document which relates the legend of the conversion ...
Addas Addas One of the three original disciples of Manes, who according to the Acts of Archelaus introduced ...
Addeus and Maris, Liturgy of Liturgy of Addeus and Maris This is an Oriental liturgy, sometimes assigned to the Syrian group because it is written in the ...
Addresses, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Addresses It is from Italy that we derive rules as to what is fitting and customary in the matter of ...
Adelaide, Archdiocese of Adelaide Centred in Adelaide, capital of South Australia. It comprises all the territory of South ...
Adelaide, Saint St. Adelaide Abbess, born in the tenth century; died at Cologne, 5 February, 1015. She was daughter of ...
Adelaide, Saint St. Adelaide (ADELHEID). Born 931; died 16 December, 999, one of the conspicuous characters in the struggle ...
Adelard of Bath Adelard of Bath A twelfth-century Scholastic philosopher, b. about 1100. Adelard was probably an Englishman by ...
Adelham, John Placid John Placid Adelham (Or ADLAND). A Protestant minister, born in Wiltshire, who became a Catholic and joined ...
Adelmann Adelmann Bishop of Brescia in the eleventh century. Of unknown parentage and nationality, he was ...
Adelophagi Adelophagi ( Adelos = secretly, and phalo = I eat). A sect mentioned by the anonymous author known ...
Aden Vicariate Apostolic of Aden (ADANE). It comprises all Arabia, and is properly known as the Vicariate Apostolic of Arabia ...
Adeodatus Adeodatus Son of St. Augustine, Bishop of Hippo , b. 372; d. 388. St. Augustine was not converted to ...
Adeodatus (II), Pope Saint Pope St. Adeodatus (Reigned 672-676). A monk of the Roman cloister of St. Erasmus on the Coelian Hill. He was ...
Adeodatus I, Pope Saint Pope St. Deusdedit (Adeodatus I). Date of birth unknown; consecrated pope, 19 October (13 November), 615; d. 8 ...
Adeste Fidelis Adeste Fidelis A hymn used at Benediction at Christmastide in France and England since the close of the ...
Adjuration Adjuration (Latin adjurare , to swear; to affirm by oath ). An urgent demand made upon another to do ...
Administrator Administrator The term Administrator in its general sense signifies a person who administers some common ...
Administrator (of Ecclesiastical Property) Administrator (Of Church Property) One charged with the care of church property . Supreme administrative authority in regard to all ...
Admonitions, Canonical Canonical Admonitions A preliminary means used by the Church towards a suspected person, as a preventive of harm or a ...
Admont Admont A Benedictine abbey in Styria, Austro-Hungary, on the river Enns, about fifty miles south of ...
Ado of Vienne, Saint St. Ado of Vienne Born about 800, in the diocese of Sens ; d. 16 December, 875. He was brought up at the ...
Adonai Adonai Adonai (Hebrew meaning "lord, ruler") is a name bestowed upon God in the Old Testament. It is ...
Adonias Adonias (Hebrew: Adoniyah, Adoniyahuh , Yahweh is Lord; Septuagint : Adonias .) Fourth son of ...
Adoption Adoption IN THE OLD TESTAMENT Adoption, as defined in canon law, is foreign to the Bible . The incidents ...
Adoption, Canonical Canonical Adoption In a legal sense, adoption is an act by which a person, with the cooperation of the public ...
Adoption, Supernatural Supernatural Adoption ( Latin adoptare , to choose.) Adoption is the gratuitous taking of a stranger as one's own ...
Adoptionism Adoptionism Adoptionism, in a broad sense, a christological theory according to which Christ, as man, is the ...
Adoration Adoration In the strict sense, an act of religion offered to God in acknowledgment of His supreme ...
Adoration, Perpetual Perpetual Adoration A term broadly used to designate the practically uninterrupted adoration of the Blessed ...
Adorno, Francis Francis Adorno A celebrated Italian preacher, b. 1531; d. at Genoa, 13 January, 1586. He was a member of the ...
Adoro Te Devote Adoro Te Devote ("I adore Thee devoutly"). A hymn sometimes styled Rhythmus , or Oratio, S. Thomæ ...
Adria Adria An Italian bishopric, suffragan to Venice, which comprises 55 towns in the Province of Rovigo, ...
Adrian I, Pope Pope Adrian I From about 1 February, 772, till 25 December, 795; date of birth uncertain; d. 25 December, 795. ...
Adrian II, Pope Pope Adrian II (Reigned 867-872.) After the death of St. Nicholas I , the Roman clergy and people ...
Adrian III, Pope Saint Pope St. Adrian III Pope St. Adrian III, of Roman extraction, was elected in the beginning of the year 884, and ...
Adrian IV, Pope Pope Adrian IV Born 1100 (?); died 1 September, 1159. Very little is known about the birthplace, parentage, or ...
Adrian of Canterbury, Saint St. Adrian of Canterbury An African by birth, died 710. He became Abbot of Nerida, a Benedictine monastery near ...
Adrian of Castello Adrian of Castello Also called D E C ORNETO from his birthplace in Tuscany ; an Italian prelate distinguished ...
Adrian V, Pope Pope Adrian V (OTTOBUONO FIESCHI). A Genoese, and nephew of Innocent IV. He was elected at Viterbo 12 July ...
Adrian VI, Pope Pope Adrian VI The last pontefice barbaro ( Guicciardini, XIV, v), and the only pope of modern times, except ...
Adrianople Adrianople A city of Turkey in Europe. According to legend, Orestes, son of Agamemnon, built this city at ...
Adrichem, Christian Kruik van Christian Kruik van Adrichem (Christianus Crucius Adrichomius). Catholic priest and theological writer, b. at Delft, 13 ...
Adso Adso Abbot of the Cluniac monastery of Moutier-en-Der, d. 992, on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem; one of ...
Aduarte, Diego Francisco Diego Francisco Aduarte Missionary and historian, b. 1566, at Saragossa, in Spain ; d. at Nueva Segovia, in the ...
Adullam Adullam (Hebrew Adhullam , Vulgate Odollam , but Adullam in Joshua 15:35 .) (1) A Chanaanite ...
Adulteration of Food Adulteration of Food ( Latin adulterare , to pollute, to adulterate). This act is defined as the addition of any ...
Adultery Adultery It is the purpose of this article to consider adultery with reference only to morality. The study ...
Advent Advent (Latin ad-venio , to come to). According to present [1907] usage, Advent is a period ...
Adventists Adventists A group of six American Protestant sects which hold in common a belief in the near return of ...
Advertisements, Book of Book of Advertisements A series of enactments concerning ecclesiastical matters, drawn up by Matthew Parker, ...
Advocates of Roman Congregations Advocates of Roman Congregations Advocates of Roman Congregations are persons, ecclesiastical or lay, versed in canon and civil ...
Advocates of St. Peter Advocates of St. Peter A body of jurists constituting a society whose statutes were confirmed by a brief of Leo ...
Advocatus Diaboli Advocatus Diaboli ("Advocate of the Devil" or "Devil's Advocate"). A popular title given to one of the most ...
Advocatus Ecclesiæ Advocatus Ecclesiae A name applied, in the Middle Ages , to certain lay persons , generally of noble birth, whose ...
Advowson Advowson ( Latin, advocatio ; Old French, avoëson ). In English law the right of patronage ...
Adytum Adytum (From adyton ; sc. a privative + dyo =enter). A secret chamber or place of retirement in ...
Aedan of Ferns, Saint St. Aedan of Ferns ( 'Aedh-og or Mo-Aedh-og ). Bishop and patron of Ferns, in Ireland, b. at Inisbrefny, near ...
Aedh of Kildare Aedh of Kildare King of Leinster, and an Irish saint, commemorated by Colgan under date of 4 January; but ...
Aegidius of Assisi, Blessed Bl. Aegidius of Assisi One of the original companions of St. Francis. He is also known as Blessed Giles, and holds the ...
Aegidius of Viterbo Aegidius of Viterbo Cardinal, theologian, orator, humanist, and poet, born at Viterbo, Italy ; died at Rome, 12 ...
Aelfred the Great Alfred the Great ( Also Ælfred). King of the West-Saxons, born Wantage, Berkshire, England 849; died ...
Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham Aelfric, Abbot of Eynsham Also known as "the Grammarian", the author of the homilies in Anglo-Saxon, a translator of Holy ...
Aelnoth Aelnoth Monk and biographer, of whom nothing is known except his Life of St. Canute the Martyr, written in ...
Aelred, Saint St. Aelred Abbot of Rievaulx, homilist and historian (1109-66). St. Ælred, whose name is also written ...
Aeneas of Gaza Aenas of Gaza A Neo-Platonic philosopher, a convert to Christianity, who flourished towards the end of the ...
Aengus, Saint (the Culdee) St. Aengus (The Culdee) An Irish saint who flourished in the last quarter of the eighth century, and is held in ...
Aenon Aenon (Greek Ainon ; Vulgate, Ænnon ; Douay, Ennon ). Mentioned in John 3:23 , as the ...
Aeons Aeons The term appropriated by Gnostic heresiarchs to designate the series of spiritual powers evolved ...
Aesthetics Aesthetics Æsthetics may be defined as a systematic training to right thinking and right feeling in ...
Aeterni Patris Aeterni Patris The Apostolic Letter of Pius IX, by which he summoned the Vatican Council. It is dated Rome, ...
Aeterni Patris (2nd) Aeterni Patris An encyclical letter of Pope Leo XIII (issued 4 August, 1879); not to be confused with the ...
Affinity (in Canon Law) Affinity (In Canon Law) A relationship arising from the carnal intercourse of a man and a woman, sufficient for the ...
Affinity (in the Bible) Affinity (In the Bible) Scripture recognizes affinity as an impediment to wedlock. This is evident from the ...
Affirmation Affirmation A solemn declaration accepted in legal procedure in lieu of the requisite oath. In England, ...
Afflighem Afflighem A Benedictine abbey near Alost in Brabant, Belgium. It was founded by a party of six knights ...
Affre, Denis Auguste Denis Auguste Affre Archbishop of Paris, b. at St. Rome-de-Tam, in the Department of Tam, 27 September, 1793; d. in ...
Afonzo de Albuquerque Afonzo de Albuquerque (Also D ALBOQUERQUE ; surnamed "T HE G REAT "). Died at Goa 16 December, 1515. He was ...
Afra, Saint St. Afra MARTYR. The city of Augusta Vindelicorum (the present Augsburg ) was situated in the northern ...
Africa Africa This name, which is of Phoenician origin, was at first given by the Romans to the territory ...
African Church, Early Early African Church The name, Early African Church, is given to the Christian communities inhabiting the region ...
African Liturgy African Liturgy This liturgy was in use not only in the old Roman province of Africa of which Carthage was the ...
African Synods African Synods There was no general council of the entire Church held at any time in North Africa. There ...
Agabus Agabus Mentioned in Acts 11:28 , and 21:10 , as a prophet of the New Testament. Most probably both ...
Agape Agape The celebration of funeral feasts in honour of the dead dates back almost to the beginnings ...
Agapetæ Agapetae ( agapetai , beloved). In the first century of the Christian era, the Agapetae were virgins ...
Agapetus Agapetus A deacon of the church of Sancta Sophia at Constantinople (about 500), reputed tutor of ...
Agapetus I, Pope Saint Pope St. Agapetus I (Also AGAPITUS.) Reigned 535-536. Date of birth uncertain; died 22 April, 536. He was the son ...
Agapetus II, Pope Pope Agapetus II A Roman by birth, elected to the papacy 10 May, 946; he reigned, not ingloriously, for ten ...
Agar, William Seth William Seth Agar An English Canon, born at York, 25 December, 1815; died 23 August, 1872. He was educated at ...
Agatha, Saint St. Agatha One of the most highly venerated virgin martyrs of Christian antiquity, put to death for her ...
Agathangelus Agathangelus A supposed secretary of Tiridates II, King of Armenia, under whose name there has come down a ...
Agathias Agathias A Byzantine historian and man of letters, born at Myrina in Asia Minor about 536; died at ...
Agatho, Pope Saint Pope St. Agatho Born towards the end of the sixth century in Sicily ; died in Rome, 681. It is generally ...
Agaunum Agaunum (Today ST. MAURICEEN-VALAIS). Agaunum, in the diocese of Sion, Switzerland, owes its fame to ...
Agazzari, Agostini Agostini Agazzari A musical composer, born 2 December 1578, of a noble family of Sienna; died probably 10 April, ...
Agde, Council of Council of Agde Held in 506 at Agatha or Agde in Languedoc, under the presidency of St. Caesarius of Arles . ...
Age of Reason Age of Reason The name given to that period of human life at which persons are deemed to begin to be morally ...
Age, Canonical Canonical Age The word age , taken in its widest meaning, may be described as "a period of time ". The ...
Agen, Diocese of Agen (AGINNUM.) Comprises the Department of Lot and Garonne. It has been successively suffragan to ...
Agents of Roman Congregations Agents of Roman Congregations Persons whose business it is to look after the affairs of their patrons at the Roman Curia. The ...
Aggeus Aggeus (Haggai) Name and personal life Aggeus, the tenth among the minor prophets of the Old Testament, is ...
Aggressor, Unjust Unjust Aggressor According to the accepted teaching of theologians, it is lawful, in the defense of life or limb, ...
Agiles, Raymond d' Raymond d'Agiles ( Or AGUILERS.) A chronicler and canon of Puy-en-Velay, France, toward the close of the ...
Agilulfus, Saint St. Agilulfus Abbot of Stavelot, Bishop of Cologne and Martyr, 750. We know but little of this Saint. The ...
Agios O Theos Agios O Theos (O Holy God). The opening words in Greek of an invocation, or doxology, or hymn –for ...
Agnelli, Fra. Guglielmo Fra. Guglielmo Agnelli Sculptor and architect, b. at Pisa, probably in 1238; d. probably in 1313. He was a pupil of ...
Agnelli, Giuseppe Giuseppe Agnelli Chiefly known for his catechetical and devotional works, b. at Naples, 1621; d. in Rome, 17 ...
Agnellus of Pisa, Blessed Bl. Agnellus of Pisa Friar Minor and founder of the English Franciscan Province, born at Pisa c. 1195, of the noble ...
Agnellus, Andreas, of Ravenna Andreas Agnellus of Ravenna Historian of that church, b. 805; the date of his death is unknown, but was probably about 846. ...
Agnes of Assisi, Saint St. Agnes of Assisi Younger sister of St. Clare and Abbess of the Poor Ladies, born at Assisi, 1197, or 1198; died ...
Agnes of Bohemia, Blessed St. Agnes of Bohemia (Also called Agnes of Prague). Born at Prague in the year 1200; died probably in 1281. She was the ...
Agnes of Montepulciano, Saint St. Agnes of Montepulciano Born in the neighbourhood of Montepulciano in Tuscany about 1268; died there 1317. At the age ...
Agnes of Prague, Blessed St. Agnes of Bohemia (Also called Agnes of Prague). Born at Prague in the year 1200; died probably in 1281. She was the ...
Agnes of Rome, Saint and Martyr St. Agnes of Rome Of all the virgin martyrs of Rome none was held in such high honour by the primitive church, ...
Agnesi, Maria Gaetana Maria Gaetana Agnesi Born at Milan, 16 May, 1718; died at Milan, 9 January, 1799, an Italian woman of remarkable ...
Agnetz Agnetz (Latin, agnus , lamb), the Slavonic word for the square portion of bread cut from the first ...
Agnoetae Agnoetae ( agnoetai ) from agnoeo , to be ignorant of) The name given to those who denied the ...
Agnosticism Agnosticism A philosophical theory of the limitations of knowledge, professing doubt of or disbelief in some ...
Agnus Dei Agnus Dei The name Agnus Dei has been given to certain discs of wax impressed with the figure of a lamb ...
Agnus Dei (in Liturgy) Agnus Dei (In Liturgy) A name given to the formula recited thrice by the priest at Mass (except on Good Friday and ...
Agonistici Agonistici ( Agon ="struggle"). One of the names given by the Donatists to those of their followers who ...
Agony of Christ Agony of Christ (From agonia , a struggle; particularly, in profane literature, the physical struggle of ...
Agony, Archconfraternity of Holy Archconfraternity of Holy Agony An association for giving special honour to the mental sufferings of Christ during His Agony ...
Agostini, Paolo Paolo Agostini Born at Vallerano in 1593; died 1629, famous composer and pupil of the celebrated Nanini, whose ...
Agostino Novello, Blessed Bl. Agostino Novello (Matteo Di Termini), born in the first half of the thirteenth century, at Termini, a village of ...
Agoult, Charles Consstance César Joseph Matthieu d' Charles Constance Cesar Joseph Mattheu d'Agoult A French prelate, born at Grenoble, 1747; died at Paris, 1824. He studied at the Seminary of ...
Agra Agra Archdiocese ; it is situated in British India, and lies between 25°30' and 32' N. lat., and ...
Agram Agram (Zagreb) (Also ZAGRAB; Latin Zagrabia ). Archiepiscopal see of the ancient kingdom of Croatia, in ...
Agrapha Agrapha A name first used, in 1776, by J.G. Körner, for the Sayings of Jesus that have come down to ...
Agrarianism Agrarianism The Latin word agrarius was applied historically to laws or their partisans, favoring the ...
Agreda, Maria de Marie de Agreda (Or, according to her conventual title, Maria of Jesus) A discalced Franciscan nun ; born ...
Agria Agria (ERLAU, EGER, JAGER). An archiepiscopal see of Hungary, founded in 1009, and made an ...
Agricius, Saint St. Agricius Bishop of Trier (Trèves), in the fourth century (332 or 335). A local ninth-century ...
Agricola, Alexander Alexander Agricola A celebrated composer of the fifteenth century, and pupil of Okeghem, was, according to some, of ...
Agricola, George George Agricola (BAUER, latinized into AGRICOLA). Physician, mineralogist, historian, and controversialist, b. ...
Agricola, Rudolph Rudolph Agricola A distinguished humanist of the earlier period, and a zealous promoter of the study of the ...
Agrippa of Nettesheim, Heinrich Cornelius Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa of Nettesheim Born 14 September, 1486, at Cologne ; died at Grenoble or Lyons in 1534 or 1535. One of the ...
Agrippinus Agrippinus Bishop of Carthage at the close of the second and beginning of the third century. During his ...
Aguas Calientes Aguas Calientes (Lat. AQUAE CALIDAE). A Mexican see dependent on Guadalajara; erected by Leo XIII, Decree ...
Aguirre, Joseph Saenz de Joseph Saenz de Aguirre Cardinal, and learned Spanish Benedictine ; born at Logro o, in Old Castile, 24 March, 1630; ...
Ahicam Ahicam ("My brother has risen"). A high court official under Josias and his two sons, who protected ...
Ahriman and Ormuzd Ahriman and Ormuzd (More correctly ORMUZD AND AHRIMAN.) The modern Persian forms of Anro-Mainyus and Ahura ...
Aiblinger, Johann Caspar Johann Caspar Aiblinger Composer, born 23 February, 1779, at Wasserburg, Bavaria ; died at Munich, 6 May 1867. In his ...
Aichinger, Gregor Gregor Aichinger Organist and composer of sacred music , born probably at Ratisbon in 1565; died at Augsburg, ...
Aidan of Lindisfarne, Saint St. Aidan of Lindisfarne An Irish monk who had studied under St. Senan, at Iniscathay (Scattery Island). He is placed as ...
Aiguillon, Duchess of Duchess of Aiguillon Marie de Vignerot de Pontcourlay, Marquise of Combalet and Duchesse d'Aiguillon; niece of ...
Aikenhead, Mary Mary Aikenhead Foundress of the Irish Sisters of Charity, born in Cork, 19 January, 1787; died in Dublin, 22 ...
Ailbe, Saint St. Ailbe Bishop of Emly in Munster ( Ireland ); d. about 527, or 541. It is very difficult to sift out ...
Aileran, Saint St. Aileran An Irish saint, generally known as "Sapiens" (the Wise), one of the most distinguished professors ...
Ailleboust, Family of d' Family of d'Ailleboust (1) Louis d'Ailleboust Sieur de Coulanges, third Governor of Canada, date of birth unknown; ...
Ailly, Pierre d' Pierre d'Ailly (PETRUS DE ALLACO). French theologian and philosopher, bishop and cardinal, born 1350 at ...
Aimerich, Mateo Mateo Aimerich A learned philologist, born at Bordil, in Spain, 1715; died at Ferrara, 1799. He entered the ...
Aire Aire (Abram). Comprises the territory of the Department of Landes. It was a suffragan of Auch ...
Airoli, Giacomo Maria Giacomo Maria Airoli ( Also Ayroli). A Jesuit Orientalist and Scriptural commentator; born at Genoa, 1660; ...
Aisle Aisle ( Latin ala ; Old Fr. aile ), sometimes written Isle, Yle, and Alley; in architecture one of ...
Aistulph Aistulph (Also Aistulf, Astulph, Astulf, and Astolph). King of the Lombards; died 756. He succeeded his ...
Aix, Archdiocese of Aix ( Aquae Sextiae ). Full title, the Archdiocese of Aix, Arles, and Embrun. Includes the ...
Aix-en-Provence, Councils of Councils of Aix-En-Provence Councils were held at Aix in 1112, 1374, 1409, 1585, 1612, 1838, and 1850. In that of 1612 the ...
Ajaccio, Diocese of Ajaccio (ADJACENSIS). Comprises the island of Corsica. It was formerly a suffragan of the ...
Akathistos Acathistus (Akathistos) (Greek akathistos ; a privative, kathizo "sit"; i.e. not sitting; standing). The title ...
Akhmin Akhmin A city of Upper Egypt, situated on the banks of the Nile. Of late years it has attained great ...
Akominatos, Michael & Nicetas Michael and Nicetas Akominatos Michael (d. 1215) and Nicetas (d. 1206); also known as Choniates, from their native city, Chonia ...
Alabama Alabama The twenty-second State admitted into the Federal Union of America. It lies north of the Gulf of ...
Alabanda Alabanda A titular see of Caria in Asia Minor, supposed to be the present Arab-Hissar. A list of its ...
Alabaster Alabaster (Greek alabastros , -on ; Latin alabaster , -trum ; of uncertain origin). The ...
Alagoas Alagoas A South American diocese, in eastern Brazil, dependent on Bahia. By a decree of Leo XIII , ...
Alagona, Pietro Pietro Alagona Theologian, born at Syracuse, 1549; died in Rome, 19 October, 1624. He entered the Society of ...
Alain de l'Isle Alain de l'Isle (Also called ALAIN OF LILLE, ALANUS AB INSULIS, or DE INSULIS, ALAIN VON RYSSEL etc.). Monk, ...
Alalis Alalis (ALALIUS). A titular see of Phoenicia ( Palmyra ), whose episcopal list is known from 325 ...
Alaman, Lucas Lucas Alaman A Mexican statesman and historian of great merit, b. at Guanajuato in Mexico, of Spanish parents, ...
Alamanni, Niccolò Niccolo Alamanni A Roman antiquary of Greek origin, b. at Ancona, 12 January, 1583; d. in Rome, 1626. He was ...
Alan of Tewkesbury Alan of Tewkesbury A Benedictine abbot and writer, d. 1202. Alan is stated by Gervase of Canterbury, a ...
Alan of Walsingham Alan of Walsingham Died c. 1364; a celebrated architect, first heard of in 1314 as a junior monk at Ely, ...
Alanus de Rupe Alanus de Rupe (Alanus de la Roche) ( Sometimes DE LA ROCHE). Born about 1428; died at Zwolle in Holland, 8 September, 1475. ...
Alarcón, Pedro Antonio de Pedro Antonio de Alarcon Novelist and poet, b. at Guadix, Spain, in 1833; d. at Valdemoro, near Madrid, in 1891. After ...
Alaska Alaska I. HISTORY The first definite knowledge of Alaska was acquired in 1741 through the expedition ...
Alatri Alatri An Italian bishopric under the immediate jurisdiction of the Holy See, comprising seven towns ...
Alb Alb A white linen vestment with close fitting sleeves, reaching nearly to the ground and secured ...
Alba Pompeia, Diocese of Alba Pompeia Comprises eighty towns in the province of Cuneo and two in the province of Alexandria, in Italy. ...
Alban, Saint St. Alban First martyr of Britain, suffered c. 304. The commonly received account of the martyrdom of ...
Albanenses Albanenses Manichæan heretics who lived in Albania, probably about the eighth century, but concerning ...
Albani Albani A distinguished Italian family, said to be descended from Albanian refugees of the fifteenth ...
Albania Albania The ancient Epirus and Illyria, is the most western land occupied by the Turks in Europe. Its ...
Albano Albano A suburban see, comprising seven towns in the Province of Rome. Albano (derived from Alba Longa ...
Albany Albany Diocese comprising the entire counties of Albany, Columbia, Delaware, Fulton, Greene, ...
Albenga Albenga Diocese comprising seventy-nine towns in the province of Port Maurice and forty-five in the ...
Albergati, Niccolo Niccolo Albergati Cardinal and Bishop of Bologna, b. at Bologna in 1357; d. at Sienna, 9 May, 1443. He entered ...
Alberic of Monte Cassino Alberic of Monte Cassino Died 1088; cardinal since 1057. He was (perhaps) a native of Trier, and became a Benedictine. ...
Alberic of Ostia Alberic of Ostia A Benedictine monk, and Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia from 1138-47. Born in 1080, at Beauvais in ...
Albero de Montreuil Albero de Montreuil Archbishop of Trier, b. near Toul, in Lorraine, about 1080; d. at Coblenz, 18 January, 1152. ...
Alberoni, Giulio Giulio Alberoni Cardinal and statesman; b. 30 May, 1664, at Firenzuola in the duchy of Parma ; d. 26 June, ...
Albert Berdini of Sarteano, Blessed Bl. Albert Berdini of Sarteano Franciscan Friar and missionary, born at Sarteano, in Tuscany, 1385; died at Milan, 15 August, ...
Albert II, Archbishop of Magdeburg in Saxony Albert II (Albrecht II.) Eighteenth Archbishop of Magdeburg in Saxony, date of birth unknown; d. ...
Albert of Aachen Albert of Aachen (ALBERTUS AQUENSIS). A chronicler of the First Crusade . His "Chronicon Hierosolymitanum de ...
Albert of Brandenburg Albert of Brandenburg Cardinal and Elector of the Holy Roman Empire, born 28 June, 1490; died 24 September, 1545. As ...
Albert of Castile Albert of Castile Historian, born about 1460; died 1522. He entered the Order of St. Dominic at an early age in ...
Albert of Saxony Albert of Saxony (Albert of Helmstädt) Fourteenth-century philosopher ; nicknamed Albertus Parvus, ...
Albert of Stade Albert of Stade A chronicler of the thirteenth century. He was born before the close of the twelfth century. It is ...
Albert, Bishop of Riga Albert (Albrecht), Bishop of Riga (ALBRECHT.) Bishop of Riga, Apostle of Livonia, d. 17 January, 1229. After the inhabitants of ...
Albert, Blessed (Patriarch of Jerusalem) Blessed Albert Patriarch of Jerusalem, one of the conspicuous ecclesiastics in the troubles between the Holy ...
Albert, Saint St. Albert Cardinal, Bishop of Liège, d. 1192 or 1193. He was a son of Godfrey III, Count of ...
Alberta and Saskatchewan Saskatchewan and Alberta The twin provinces of the Canadian West, so called because they were formed on the same day (1 ...
Alberti, Leandro Leandro Alberti Historian, born at Bologna in 1479; died same place, probably in 1552. In early youth he ...
Alberti, Leone Battista Leone Battista Alberti Born 18 February, 1404; died April, 1472, a Florentine ecclesiastic and artist of the fifteenth ...
Albertini, Nicolò Nicolo Albertini (AUBERTINI) Medieval statesman, b. at Prato in Italy, c. ú d. at Avignon, 27 April, ...
Albertrandi, John Baptist John Baptist Albertrandi (Also called Jan Chrzciciel, or Christian.) A Polish Jesuit, of Italian extraction, born at ...
Albertus Magnus, Saint St. Albertus Magnus Known as Albert the Great; scientist, philosopher, and theologian, born c. 1206; died at ...
Albi (Albia), Archdiocese of Albi (Albia) Comprises the Department of the Tarn. An archiepiscopal see from 1678 up to the time of the ...
Albi, Council of Council of Albi The Council of Albi was held in 1254 by St. Louis on his return from his unlucky Crusade, ...
Albi, Juan de Juan de Albi (Also, Alba ). A Spanish Carthusian of the Convent Val-Christ, near Segovia, date of birth ...
Albicus, Sigismund Sigismund Albicus Archbishop of Prague, a Moravian, born at Mährisch-Neustadt in 1347; died in Hungary, ...
Albigenses Albigenses (From Albi, Latin Albiga , the present capital of the Department of Tarn). A ...
Albinus Albinus A scholarly English monk, pupil of Archbishop Theodore, and of Abbot Adrian of St. Peter's, ...
Albrechtsberger, Johann G. Johann G. Albrechtsberger Master of musical theory, and teacher of Hummel and Beethoven, b. at Klosterneuburg in Lower ...
Albright Brethren, The The Albright Brethren (Known as the EVANGELICAL ASSOCIATION). "A body of American Christians chiefly of German ...
Alcántara, Military Order of Military Order of Alcantara Alcántara, a town on the Tagus (here crossed by a bridge-- cantara , whence the name), is ...
Alcalá, University of University of Alcala This university may be said to have had its inception in the thirteenth century, when Sancho IV, ...
Alcedo, Antonio de Antonio de Alcedo Soldier, born at Quito ( Ecuador ), 1755, where his father was President of the Royal Audiencia ...
Alchemy Alchemy (From Arabic al , the, and Greek chemia or chemeia , which occurs first in an edict of ...
Alciati, Andrea Andrea Alciati An Italian jurist, born at Alzano, near Milan, 8 May, 1492; died at Pavia, 12 June 1550. He ...
Alcimus Alcimus ( Alkimos , "brave," probably a Græcized form of the Hebrew Eliacim ). High-priest, ...
Alcmund, Saint St. Alcmund Bishop of Hexham ; died 781. Though we know practically nothing of the life of St. Alcmund, ...
Alcock, John John Alcock Bishop of Rochester, Worcester, and Ely, b. at Beverley, 1430; d. at Wisbeach Castle, 1 ...
Alcoholism Alcoholism The term alcoholism is understood to include all the changes that may occur in the human ...
Alcuin Alcuin ( Alhwin, Alchoin ; Latin Albinus , also Flaccus ). An eminent educator, scholar, and ...
Aldegundis, Saint St. Aldegundis Virgin and abbess (c. 639-684), variously written Adelgundis, Aldegonde, etc. She was nearly ...
Aldersbach Aldersbach A former Cistercian Abbey in the valley of the Vils in Lower Bavaria. It was founded in 1127 ...
Aldfrith Aldfrith A Northumbrian king, son of King Oswin; d. 14 December, 705. He succeeded his brother, Ecgfrith. ...
Aldhelm, Saint St. Aldhelm Abbot of Malmesbury and Bishop of Sherborne, Latin poet and ecclesiastical writer (c. ...
Aldric, Saint St. Aldric Bishop of Le Mans in the time of Louis le Debonnaire, born c. 800; died at Le Mans, 7 ...
Aldrovandi, Ulissi Ulissi Aldrovandi Italian naturalist, b. at Bologna, 11 Sept., 1522; d. there 10 Nov., 1607. He was educated in ...
Alea, Leonard Leonard Alea A French polemical writer of the early years of the nineteenth century, b. in Paris, date ...
Alegambe, Philippe Phillipe Alegambe A Jesuit historiographer, born in Brussels, 22 January, 1592; died in Rome, 6 September, ...
Alegre, Francisco Xavier Francisco Xavier Alegre Historian, born at Vera Cruz, in Mexico, or New Spain, 12 November, 1729; died at Bologna, 16 ...
Alemany, Joseph Sadoc Joseph Sadoc Alemany First Archbishop of San Francisco, California, U.S.A. b. at Vich in Spain, 3 July, 1814; ...
Alenio, Guilio Giulio Alenio Chinese missionary and scholar, born at Brescia, in Italy, in 1582; died at Fou-Tcheou, China, in ...
Aleppo Aleppo Armenian Rite Archdiocese in Syria. The city of Aleppo is situated in the plain that stretches ...
Ales and Terralba Ales and Terralba Diocese made up of 42 communes in the province of Cagliari, Archbishopric of Oristano, Italy. ...
Alessandria della Paglia Alessandria Della Paglia Diocese in Piedmont, Italy, a suffragan of Vercelli. It was made a see in 1175 by Alexander ...
Alessi, Galeazzo Galeazzo Alessi A famous Italian architect, b. 1500; d. 1572. He showed an inclination for mathematics and ...
Alessio Alessio ( Lissus, Alexiensis ). Diocese in European Turkey, since 1886 suffragan of Scutari. It is ...
Alexander (Name of Seven Men) Alexander (Name of Seven Men) (1) ALEXANDER THE GREAT King of Macedon, 336-323 B.C. He is mentioned in 1 Mach., i, 1-10; vi, 2. ...
Alexander (Name of Several Early Bishops) Alexander (Early Bishops) ALEXANDER OF ANTIOCH Thirty-eighth bishop of that see (413-421), praised by Theodoret (Hist. ...
Alexander Briant, Blessed Blessed Alexander Briant English Jesuit and martyr, born in Somersetshire of a yeoman family about 1556; executed at ...
Alexander I, Pope Saint Pope St. Alexander I St. Irenaeus of Lyons, writing in the latter quarter of the second century, reckons him as the ...
Alexander II, Pope Pope Alexander II Reigned 1061-1073 As Anselm of Lucca, he had been recognized for a number of years as one of ...
Alexander III, Pope Pope Alexander III Pope from 1159-81 (Orlando Bandinelli), born of a distinguished Sienese family ; died 3 August, ...
Alexander IV, Pope Pope Alexander IV Pope from 1254-61 (Rinaldo Conti), of the house of Segni, which had already given two illustrious ...
Alexander Natalis Alexander Natalis (Or NOEL ALEXANDRE). A French historian and theologian, of the Order of St. Dominic, b. at ...
Alexander of Abonoteichos Alexander of Abonoteichos The most notorious imposter of the second century of the Christian era. His life is fully ...
Alexander of Hales Alexander of Hales Franciscan, theologian, and philosopher, one of the greatest of the scholastics, born at Hales, ...
Alexander of Lycopolis Alexander of Lycopolis The writer of a short treatise, in twenty-six chapters, against the Manichæans (PG., ...
Alexander Sauli, Blessed Bl. Alexander Sauli Apostle of Corsica, b. at Milan, 1533, of an illustrious Lombard family ; d. at Pavia, 11 ...
Alexander V Alexander V Pietro Philarghi, born c. 1339, on the island of Crete (Candia), whence his appellation, Peter of ...
Alexander VI, Pope Pope Alexander VI Rodrigo Borgia, born at Xativa, near Valencia, in Spain, 1 January, 1431; died in Rome, 18 ...
Alexander VII, Pope Pope Alexander VII Fabio Chigi, born at Sienna, 13 February, 1599; elected 7 April, 1655; died at Rome, 22 May, ...
Alexander VIII, Pope Pope Alexander VIII Pietro Ottoboni, born at Venice, April, 1610; elected 5 October, 1689; died at Rome, 1 February, ...
Alexander, Saint (Bishop of Comana) St. Alexander (Of Comana) St. Alexander, known as "The charcoal burner", was Bishop of Comana, in Pontus. Whether he was ...
Alexander, Saint (Of Cappadocia and Jerusalem) St. Alexander (Of Cappadocia and Jerusalem) St. Alexander, who died in chains after cruel torments in the persecution of Decius, was first ...
Alexander, Saint (Patriarch of Alexandria) St. Alexander (of Alexandria) Patriarch of Alexandria, date of birth uncertain; died 17 April, 326. He is, apart from his ...
Alexandre, Dom Jacques Dom Jacques Alexandre A learned Benedictine monk of the Congregation of St. Maur, b. at Orléans, France, 24 ...
Alexandria Alexandria An important seaport of Egypt, on the left bank of the Nile. It was founded by Alexander the ...
Alexandria, Councils of Councils of Alexandria In 231 a council of bishops and priests met at Alexandria, called by Bishop Demetrius for the ...
Alexandria, The Church of The Church of Alexandria The Church of Alexandria, founded according to the constant tradition of both East and West by ...
Alexandria, The Diocese of Alexandria Suffragan of Kingston, Ontario. It comprises the counties of Glengarry and Stormont, and was ...
Alexandrian Library, The The Alexandrian Library The Great Library of Alexandria, so called to distinguish it from the smaller or "daughter" ...
Alexandrine Liturgy, The The Alexandrine Liturgy The tradition of the Church of Egypt traces its origin to the Evangelist St. Mark, the first ...
Alexandrinus, Codex Codex Alexandrinus A most valuable Greek manuscript of the Old and New Testaments, so named because it was ...
Alexian Nuns Alexian Nuns Early in the fifteenth century religious women began to be affiliated to the Alexian Brotherhood. ...
Alexians Alexians Or CELLITES. A religious institute or congregation, which had its origin at Mechlin, in ...
Alexis Falconieri, Saint Saint Alexis Falconieri Born in Florence, 1200; died 17 February, 1310, at Mount Senario, near Florence. He was the son ...
Alexius, Saint St. Alexius CONFESSOR. According to the most recent researches he was an Eastern saint whose veneration ...
Alfield, Venerable Thomas Ven. Thomas Alfield (AUFIELD, ALPHILDE, HAWFIELD, OFFELDUS; alias BADGER). Priest, born at Gloucestershire; ...
Alfieri, Count Vittorio Count Vittorio Alfieri The greatest tragic poet of Italy ; b. at Asti (Piedmont), 17 January, 1749; d. at Florence, 8 ...
Alfieri, Pietro Pietro Alfieri A priest and at one time a Camaldolese monk, b. at Rome, June, 1801; d. there 12 June, 1863. ...
Alfonso de Zamora Alfonso de Zamora A converted Spanish Rabbi, baptized 1506; died 1531. He revised the Hebrew text for Ximenes's ...
Alfonso of Burgos Alfonso of Burgos Born of a noble family, in the city of that name ; died at Palencia, 8 December, 1489. He was ...
Alford, Michael Michael Alford A Jesuit missionary in England during the persecution, b. in London 1587; d. at St. Omers, ...
Alfred the Great Alfred the Great ( Also Ælfred). King of the West-Saxons, born Wantage, Berkshire, England 849; died ...
Alfrida, Saint St. Alfrida Virgin, and recluse, c. 795. This saint, whose name is variously written Elfthritha, ...
Alfwold, Saint St. Alfwold Bishop of Sherborne, in Dorsetshire; d. 1058. Alfwold, or Ælfwold, is a rather obscure ...
Alger of Liége Alger of Liege A learned French priest, b. at Liège, about 1055; d. at Cluny, 1132. He studied at ...
Alghero Alghero An Italian diocese comprising twenty-two communes in the province of Sassari, and four in that ...
Algiers Algiers (I COSIUM ) Archdiocese comprising the province of Algeria in French Africa. Its suffragans ...
Algonquins Algonquins The Indians known by this name were probably at one time the most numerous of all the North ...
Alife Alife A diocese made up of twelve communes in the province of Caserta, Archbishopric of Benevento, ...
Alighieri, Dante Dante Alighieri Italian poet, born at Florence, 1265; died at Ravenna, Italy, 14 September, 1321. His own ...
Alimentation Alimentation Support or maintenance. Aliment in a broad sense means whatever is necessary to sustain human ...
Alimony Alimony (Latin, alimonia , nutriment, from alere , to nourish) In the common legal sense of the ...
Aliturgical Days Aliturgical Days This term, though not recognized by any English dictionary has lately come into use as a ...
All Hallows College All Hallows College An institution devoted to the preparation of priests for the missions in English-speaking ...
All Saints' Day All Saints' Day [ The vigil of this feast is popularly called "Hallowe'en" or "Halloween".] Solemnity ...
All Souls' Day All Souls' Day The commemoration of all the faithful departed is celebrated by the Church on 2 November, or, if ...
Allah Allah The name of God in Arabic. It is a compound word from the article, 'al , and ilah , ...
Allahabad Allahabad Diocese ; suffragan of the Archdiocese of Agra, India ; is included between 28° and 30° ...
Allard, Paul Paul Allard Archaeologist and historian, b. at Rouen 15 September, 1841, admitted to the bar and practised ...
Allatius, Leo Leo Allatius (Alacci). A learned Greek of the seventeenth century, b. on the island of Chios in 1586, and ...
Allegranza, Joseph Joseph Allegranza A Milanese Dominican who won distinction as a historian, archaeologist, and antiquary, b. 16 ...
Allegri, Antonio Antonio Allegri Born in Correggio, a small Lombard town near Mantua, 1494; died 5 March, 1534. His name in ...
Allegri, Gregorio Gregorio Allegri A member of the same family which produced the painter Correggio, born at Rome c. 1580; died ...
Alleluia Alleluia The liturgical mystic expression is found in the Book of Tobias, xiii, 22; then in the ...
Allemand, Jean Jean Allemand A French priest and Orientalist, born 19 November, 1799; died 9 August, 1833. After his ...
Allen, Edward Patrick Edward Patrick Allen Fifth Bishop of Mobile, Alabama, U.S. ; born at Lowell, Massachusetts, 17 March, 1853. He made ...
Allen, Frances Frances Allen The first woman of New England birth to become a nun, born 13 November, 1784, at Sunderland, ...
Allen, George George Allen Educator, born at Milton, Vermont, 17 December, 1808; died in Worcester, Massachusetts, 28 May, ...
Allen, John John Allen (1476-1534) Archbishop of Dublin, canonist, and Chancellor of Ireland. He was educated at ...
Allen, John John Allen Priest and martyr. He was executed at Tyburn in the beginning of the year 1538, because he ...
Allen, William William Allen Cardinal ; b. England, 1522; d. Rome, 16 Oct., 1594. He was the third son of John Allen of ...
Allerstein, August August Allerstein (Or Hallerstein). Jesuit missionary in China, born in Germany, died in China, probably about ...
Alliance, Holy Holy Alliance The Emperor Francis I of Austria, King Frederick William III of Prussia, and the Tsar Alexander I ...
Allies, Thomas William Thomas William Allies An English writer b. 12 February, 1813; d. 17 June, 1903. He was one in whom the poetical vein ...
Allioli, Joseph Franz Joseph Franz Allioli Born at Sulzbach, 10 August, 1793; died at Augsburg, 22 May, 1873. He studied theology at ...
Allison, William William Allison One of the English priests who were victims of the plots of 1679-80, and died a prisoner in ...
Allocution Allocution Allocution is a solemn form of address or speech from the throne employed by the Pope on ...
Allori Allori (1) Angiolo di Cosimo Called I L B RONZINO , an exceptionally able painter and poet, b. at ...
Allot, William William Allot A student of the University of Cambridge ; retired to Louvain on the accession of Elizabeth ...
Allouez, Claude Claude Allouez One of the most famous of the early Jesuit missionaries and explorers of what is now the western ...
Alma Alma A Hebrew signifying a "young woman ", unmarried as well as married, and thus distinct from ...
Alma Redemptoris Mater Alma Redemptoris Mater (Kindly Mother of the Redeemer). The opening words of one of the four Antiphons sung at ...
Almagro, Diego de Diego de Almagro D IEGO, THE E LDER Date and place of birth not satisfactorily established as yet, generally ...
Almedha, Saint St. Elined Virgin and martyr, flourished c. 490. According to Bishop Challoner (Britannia Saneta, London, ...
Almeida, John John Almeida A Jesuit missionary, born in London, of Catholic parents, 1571; died at Rio de Janeiro, 24 ...
Almeria Almeria A suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Granada in Spain. It is said to have been founded by ...
Almici, Camillo Camillo Almici A priest of the Congregation of the Oratory, born 2 November, 1714; died 30 December, 1779. He ...
Almond, John John Almond Cistercian, Confessor of the Faith; died in Hull Castle, 18 April, 1585. His name has been ...
Almond, John, Venerable Ven. John Almond English priest and martyr, born about 1577; died at Tyburn, 5 December, 1612. He passed his ...
Almond, Oliver Oliver Almond Priest and writer, born in the diocese of Oxford. He is believed by Foley to have been the ...
Alms and Almsgiving Alms and Almsgiving (Greek eleemosyne , "pity," "mercy"). Any material favour done to assist the needy, and ...
Alnoth, Saint St. Alnoth Hermit and martyr ; died c. 700. We know very little of St. Alnoth. Neither does he appear to ...
Alogi Alogi ( a privative and logos , "word"; sc. "Deniers of the Word"). St. Irenæus (Adv. ...
Aloysius Gonzaga, Saint St. Aloysius Gonzaga Born in the castle of Castiglione, 9 March, 1568; died 21 June, 1591. At eight he was placed in ...
Alpha and Omega Alpha and Omega In Jewish Theology When God passed before the face of Moses on Sinai the great Law-giver of ...
Alpha and Omega (in Scripture) Alpha and Omega (In Scripture) Alpha and Omega are the first and the last letters, respectively, of the Greek alphabet. They ...
Alphabet, Christian Use of the Christian Use of the Alphabet The Hebrew, Greek and Latin alphabets have been variously made use of in Christian liturgy. ...
Alphege, Saint St. Elphege (Or ALPHEGE). Born 954; died 1012; also called Godwine, martyred Archbishop of Canterbury, ...
Alphonsus Liguori, Saint St. Alphonsus Liguori Born at Marianella, near Naples, 27 September, 1696; died at Nocera de' Pagani, 1 August, 1787. ...
Alphonsus Rodriguez, Saint St. Alphonsus Rodriguez (Also Alonso). Born at Segovia in Spain, 25 July, 1532; died at Majorca, 31 October, 1617. ...
Alpini, Prospero Prospero Alpini Physician and botanist, born at Marostica, in the Republic of Venice, 23 November, 1553; died at ...
Alsace-Lorraine Alsace-Lorraine The German Imperial Territory so known, and divided for State purposes into three civil districts. ...
Altamirano, Diego Francisco Diego Francisco Altamirano Jesuit, b. at Madrid, 26 October, 1625; d. Lima, 22 December, 1715. He wrote "Historia de la ...
Altamura and Acquaviva Altamura and Acquaviva An exempt archipresbyterate in the province of Bari, in southern Italy. Altamura was ...
Altar (in Liturgy) Altar (In Liturgy) In the New Law the altar is the table on which the Eucharistic Sacrifice is offered. Mass may ...
Altar Bell Altar Bell A small bell placed on the credence or in some other convenient place on the epistle side ...
Altar Breadboxes Altar Breadboxes These are made of wood, tin, britannia, silver, or other metal. In order that the breads may not ...
Altar Breads Altar Breads Bread is one of the two elements absolutely necessary for the sacrifice of the Eucharist. It ...
Altar Candles Altar Candles For mystical reasons the Church prescribes that the candles used at Mass and at other ...
Altar Candlesticks Altar Candlesticks An altar-candlestick consists of five parts: the foot, the stem, the knob about the middle of the ...
Altar Canopy Altar Canopy The "Caeremoniale Episcoporum" (I, xii, 13), treating of the ornaments of the altar, says that ...
Altar Cards Altar Cards To assist the memory of the celebrant at Mass in those prayers which he should know by heart, ...
Altar Carpets Altar Carpets The sanctuary and altar-steps of the high altar are ordinarily to be covered with carpets. If ...
Altar Cavity Altar Cavity This is a small square or oblong chamber in the body of the altar, in which are placed, according ...
Altar Cloths Altar Cloths The use of altar-cloths goes back to the early centuries of the Church. St. Optatus of Mileve ...
Altar Crucifix Altar Crucifix The crucifix is the principal ornament of the altar. It is placed on the altar to recall to the ...
Altar Curtain Altar Curtain Formerly, in most basilicas, cathedrals, and large churches a large structure in the form of a ...
Altar Frontal Altar Frontal The frontal ( antipendium, pallium altaris ) is an appendage which covers the entire front of ...
Altar Horns Altar Horns On the Jewish altar there were four projections, one at each corner, which were called the horns ...
Altar Lamp Altar Lamp In the Old Testament God commanded that a lamp filled with the purest oil of olives should ...
Altar Lanterns Altar Lanterns Lanterns are used in churches to protect the altar candles and lamp, if the latter for any ...
Altar Ledge Altar Ledge Originally the altar was made in the shape of an ordinary table, on which the crucifix and ...
Altar Linens Altar Linens The altar-linens are the corporal, pall, purificator, and finger- towels. The Blessed Sacrament ...
Altar of Our Lady Altar of Our Lady From the beginning of Christianity special veneration was paid to the Mother of God, which in ...
Altar of Repose Altar of Repose (Sometimes called less properly sepulchre or tomb, more frequently repository). The altar ...
Altar Protector Altar Protector A cover made of cloth, baize or velvet which is placed on the table of the altar, during the ...
Altar Rail Altar Rail The railing which guards the sanctuary and separates the latter from the body of the church. It ...
Altar Screen Altar Screen The Caerem. Episc (I, xii, n. 13) says that if the High Altar is attached to the wall (or is not ...
Altar Side Altar Side That part of the altar which faced the congregation, in contradistinction to the side at which ...
Altar Steps Altar Steps In the beginning altars were not erected on steps. Those in the catacombs were constructed on the ...
Altar Stole Altar Stole An ornament, having the shape of the ends of a stole, which in the Middle Ages was attached to ...
Altar Stone Altar Stone A solid piece of natural stone, consecrated by a bishop, large enough to hold the Sacred Host ...
Altar Tomb Altar Tomb A tomb, or monument, over a grave, oblong in form, which is covered with a slab or table, having ...
Altar Vase Altar Vase Vase to hold flowers for the decoration of the altar. The Cæremoniale Episcoporum (I, xii, ...
Altar Vessels Altar Vessels The chalice is the cup in which the wine and water of the Eucharistic Sacrifice is contained. ...
Altar Wine Altar Wine Wine is one of the two elements absolutely necessary for the sacrifice of the Eucharist. For valid ...
Altar, Double Double Altar An altar having a double front constructed in such a manner that Mass may be celebrated on ...
Altar, High High Altar (ALTARE SUMMUM or MAJUS.) The high altar is so called from the fact that it is the chief altar ...
Altar, History of the Christian History of the Christian Altar The Christian altar consists of an elevated surface, tabular in form, on which the Sacrifice of ...
Altar, Portable Portable Altar A portable altar consists of a solid piece of natural stone which must be sufficiently hard to ...
Altar, Privileged Privileged Altar An altar is said to be privileged when, in addition to the ordinary fruits of the Eucharistic ...
Altar, Stripping of an Stripping of an Altar On Holy Thursday the celebrant, having removed the ciborium from the high altar, goes to the ...
Altarage Altarage From the low Latin altaragium , which signified the revenue reserved for the chaplain ...
Altarpiece Altarpiece A picture of some sacred subject painted on the wall or suspended in a frame behind the altar, ...
Altars (in Scripture) Altars (In Scripture) The English word altar , if the commonly accepted etymology be adopted -- alta ara -- does ...
Altars (in the Greek Churches) Altars (In the Greek Churches) The word altar (sometimes spelled oltar ) is used in the Old Slavonic and Russian ...
Altmann, Blessed Blessed Altmann The friend of Gregory VII and Anselm, conspicuous in the contest of the Guelphs and ...
Alto, Saint St. Alto Recluse and missionary in Bavaria, c. 750. Alto has been variously described as an Anglo-Saxon ...
Alton Alton (Illinois) The Diocese of Alton includes that part of Illinois lying south of the northern limits of the ...
Altoona Altoona A suffragan see of the province of Philadelphia. The city of Altoona is situated on the eastern ...
Altruism Altruism A term formed by Auguste Comte in 1851, on the Italian adjective altrui , and employed by him to ...
Alumbrados Illuminati (Alumbrados.) The name assumed by some false mystics who appeared in Spain in the sixteenth ...
Alumnus Alumnus (From Latin alo , "to nurse", or "feed"). Alumnus signifies in ecclesiastical usage, a ...
Alunno, Niccolò Niccolo Alunno (Real name Niccolò di Liberatore) Notable Umbrian painter in distemper, born c. 1430, ...
Alva y Astorga, Pedro d' Pedro d'Alva y Astorga A Friar Minor of the Strict Observance, and a voluminous writer on theological subjects, ...
Alva, The Duke of The Duke of Alva (FERNANDO ALVAREZ DE TOLEDO) Born 1508, of one of the most distinguished Castilian families, ...
Alvarado, Alonzo de Alonzo de Alvarado A Knight of Santiago, b. at Secadura de Trasmura, near Burgos, date unknown; d. 1559. He came to ...
Alvarado, Fray Francisco de Fray Francisco de Alvarado A native of Mexico, where he entered the Dominican order 25 July, 1574. He was vicar of ...
Alvarado, Pedro de Pedro de Alvarado Of the companions of Cortez, and among the superior officers of his army, Pedro de Alvarado ...
Alvarez de Paz Alvarez de Paz A famous mystic of the Society of Jesus , born at Toledo in 1560; died at Potosi, 17 January, ...
Alvarez, Balthazar Balthazar Alvarez A Spanish mystic, who was the spiritual director of St. Teresa, b. At Cervera, in Spain, in ...
Alvarez, Diego Diego Alvarez Spanish theologian, b. At Medina de Rio-Seco, Old Castile, about 1550; d. At Trani, Kingdom of ...
Alvarez, Manoel Manoel Alvarez Educator, b. on the island of Madeira, 1526; d. at Evora, 30 December 1582. In 1546 he entered ...
Alvarus Pelagius Alvarus Pelagius (ALVARO PELAYO.) Celebrated writer, b. in Spain about 1280; d. at Seville, 25 Jan., 1352. ...
Alypius, Saint St. Alypius The bosom friend of St. Augustine, though younger than he, was, after studying under Augustine at ...
Alzate, José Antonio Jose Antonio Alzate Born at Ozumba, Mexico, in 1738; died in 1799. Alzate, who was a priest, was one of the most ...
Alzog, Johann Baptist Johann Baptist Alzog A Catholic church historian, born 29 June, 1808, at Ohlau in Silesia ; died 1 March, 1878, at ...
Ama Ama ( Or Amma.) A Semitic term meaning mother, adopted by the Copts and the Greeks as a title of ...
Amadeo, Giovanni Antonio Giovanni Antonio Amadeo ( Also spelled Omodeo). An Italian architect and sculptor, born near Pavia in 1447; died ...
Amadia and Akra Amadia and Akra This double title designates two Catholic dioceses of the Chaldean Rite in Kurdistan, Turkey in ...
Amalarius of Metz Amalarius of Metz A liturgical writer, b. at Metz, in the last quarter of the eighth century; d. about 850. He was ...
Amalberga, Saint St. Amalberga St. Amalberga, otherwise Amelia, was related in some way to Pepin of Landen. Whether she was ...
Amalberga, Saint St. Amalberga A virgin, very much revered in Belgium, who is said to have been sought in marriage by Charles, ...
Amalec Amalec (Amalek) (A MALECITES in Douay Version ; or A MALEK, A MALEKITES ). A people remembered chiefly ...
Amalfi Amalfi The Archdiocese of Amalfi, directly dependent on the Holy See, has its seat at Amalfi, not far ...
Amalricians Amalricians ( Latin, Almarici, Amauriani ). An heretical sect founded towards the end of the twelfth ...
Amalricus Augerii Amalricus Augerii A church-historian of the fourteenth century, and member of the Augustinian Order. He was a ...
Amandus, Saint Saint Amandus One of the great apostles of Flanders ; born near Nantes, in France, about the end of the ...
Amasia Amasia (AMASEA.) A titular see and metropolis of Pontus in Asia Minor on the river Iris, now ...
Amastris Amastris (Now AMASSERAH or SAMASTRO.) A titular see of Paphlagonia in Asia Minor, on a peninsula ...
Amat, Thaddeus Thaddeus Amat Second Bishop of Monterey and Los Angeles, California, U.S., b. 31 December, 1810, at ...
Amathus Amathus Name of two titular sees, one in Syria, suffragan of Apameia, with an episcopal list known from ...
Amazones, Diocese of Amazones (Or MANÃOS.) A South American diocese, dependent on San Salvador of Bahia. Amazonas, the ...
Ambarach, Peter Peter Ambarach (Also called BENEDICTUS and BENEDETTI, these names being the equivalents of the Arabic ambarak ...
Ambition Ambition The undue craving for honour. Anciently in Rome the candidates for office were accustomed to ...
Ambo Ambo (Pl. Ambos, or Ambones.) A word of Greek origin, supposed to signify a mountain or elevation; ...
Ambo (in the Russian and Greek Church) Ambo (In the Russian and Greek Church) Its use has now practically disappeared in the Roman Rite and the only reminder of it in modern ...
Amboise, George d' George d'Amboise French cardinal, archbishop, and statesman, b. at Chaumont-sur-Loire in 1460; d. at Lyons, 25 ...
Ambronay, Our Lady of Our Lady of Ambronay A sanctuary of the Blessed Virgin at Ambronay, France, regarded as one of the two candles of ...
Ambros, August Wilhelm August Wilhelm Ambros Historian of music and art critic, one of the greatest in modern times, b. at Mauth, near Prague, ...
Ambrose of Camaldoli, Saint St. Ambrose of Camaldoli An Italian theologian and writer, b. at Portico, near Florence, 16 September, 1386; d. 21 ...
Ambrose of Sienna, Blessed Bl. Ambrose of Sienna Born at Sienna, 16 April, 1220, of the noble family of Sansedoni; d. at Sienna, in 1286. When ...
Ambrose, Saint St. Ambrose Bishop of Milan from 374 to 397; born probably 340, at Trier, Arles, or Lyons ; died 4 ...
Ambrosian Basilica Ambrosian Basilica This basilica was erected at Milan by its great fourth-century bishop, St. Ambrose, and was ...
Ambrosian Chant Ambrosian Chant The question as to what constitutes Ambrosian chant in the sense of chant composed by St. ...
Ambrosian Hymnography Ambrosian Hymnography The names of St. Hilary of Poitiers (died 367), who is mentioned by St. Isidore of Seville as ...
Ambrosian Library Ambrosian Library The Ambrosian Library is one of the famous libraries of the world, founded between 1603 and 1609 ...
Ambrosian Liturgy and Rite Ambrosian Liturgy and Rite The liturgy and Rite of the Church of Milan, which derives its name from St. Ambrose, Bishop of ...
Ambrosians Ambrosians St. Ambrose cannot be counted among the founders of religious orders, although, like the great ...
Ambrosiaster Ambrosiaster The name given to the author of a commentary on all the Epistles of St. Paul , with the ...
Ambulatory Ambulatory A cloister, gallery, or alley; a sheltered place, straight or circular, for exercise in walking; ...
Amelia Amelia The Diocese of Amelia comprises seven towns in the province of Perugia, Italy, and is under the ...
Amelote, Denis Denis Amelote Born at Saintes, 1609; died in Paris, 7 October, 1678. He was ordained in 1631, was a Doctor of ...
Amen Amen The word Amen is one of a small number of Hebrew words which have been imported unchanged into ...
Amende Honorable Amende Honorable An obsolete form of honorary satisfaction, customary in the Church in France as late as the ...
Amerbach, Veit Veit Amerbach Born at Wembdinden in 1503; died at Ingolstadt, 13 Sept., 1557, humanist, convert from ...
America America America, also called the Western Continent or the New World, consists of three main divisions: ...
America, Pre-Columbian Discovery of Pre-Columbian Discovery of America Of all the alleged discoveries of America before the time of Columbus, only the bold voyages of ...
American College at Louvain, The The American College at Louvain An institution for the education of priests. Its official title is "The American College of the ...
American College in Rome, The The American College at Rome The American College in Rome, or to give the legal title, "The American College of the Roman ...
American College in Rome, The South The South American College in Rome (Legal title, COLLEGIO PIO-LATINO-AMERICANO PONTIFICIO). The Rev. Ignatius Victor Eyzaguirre, ...
American Protective Association, The The American Protective Association Usually known as "the A.P.A.," a secret proscriptive society in the United States which became ...
Amerigo Vespucci Amerigo Vespucci A famous Italian navigator, born at Florence, 9 March, 1451; died at Seville, 22 February, 1512. ...
Amherst, Francis Kerril, D.D. Francis Kerril Amherst Bishop of Northampton ; b. at London, 21 March, 1819; d. 21 August 1883. He was the eldest son ...
Amias, Ven. John Ven. John Amias An English Martyr ; b. at Wakefield; d. at York, 16 March, 1589. He exercised the trade of a ...
Amiatinus, Codex Codex Amiatinus The most celebrated manuscript of the Latin Vulgate Bible, remarkable as the best witness to ...
Amice Amice A short linen cloth, square or oblong in shape and, like the other sacerdotal vestments, needing ...
Amico, Antonio Antonio Amico Canon of Palermo, and ecclesiastical historian of Syracuse and Messina, (d. 1641). He wrote ...
Amico, Francesco Francesco Amico One of the greatest theologians of his time, b. at Cosenza, in Naples, 2 April, 1578. He entered ...
Amida Amida (DIARBEKIR.) An Armenian Rite diocese located in Mesopotamia, Asiatic Turkey.- The ...
Amiens, Diocese of Amiens (AMBIANUM). Comprises the department of Somme. It was a suffragan of the archdiocese of ...
Amiot, Joseph Maria Joseph Maria Amiot A missionary to China, born at Toulon, 8 February, 1718; died at Pekin, 8 or 9 October, 1793. He ...
Amisus Amisus A titular see of Pontus in Asia Minor . It was a rich commercial centre under the kings of ...
Ammen, Daniel Daniel Ammen American naval officer and author, b. in Brown County, Ohio, 15 May, 1820; d. in Washington, D.C., ...
Ammon Ammon (Egyptian Amun or Amen , "the hidden one". Hebrew Amon , Greek Ammon ). The ...
Ammon, Saint St. Ammon Sometimes called AMUN or AMUS, born about 350; an Egyptian who, forced into marriage when ...
Ammonian Sections Ammonian Sections Divisions of the four Gospels indicated in the margin of nearly all Greek and Latin manuscripts ...
Ammonites Ammonites ORIGIN AND RACE The Ammonites were a race very closely allied to the Hebrews. One use of their ...
Amorbach Amorbach Former Benedictine abbey in Lower Franconia (Bavaria), about twenty-five miles south of ...
Amorios Amorios (Also A MORIUM ), a titular see of Phrygia in Asia Minor, now known as Hergen Kaleh. It was a ...
Amorrhites Amorrhites A name of doubtful origin and meaning, used to designate an ancient people often mentioned in ...
Amort, Eusebius Eusebius Amort Philosopher and theologian, b. at Bibermuehle in Bavaria, 15 November, 1692; d. at Polling, 5 ...
Amos Amos I. NAME The third among the Minor Prophets of the Old Testament is called, in the Hebrew ...
Amovibility Amovibility A term applied to the condition of certain ecclesiastics in regard to their benefices or ...
Amoy Amoy Located in China, created in 1883, and entrusted to the care of the Dominicans. It includes the ...
Ampè, André-Marie Ampere Physicist and mathematician, b. 22 January, 1775, at Lyons, France ; d. at Marseilles, 10 ...
Amphilochius of Iconium Amphilochius of Iconium A Christian bishop of the fourth century, son of a Cappadocian family of distinction, b. ...
Amphilochius of Sida Amphilochius of Sida (Or Side , located in Pamphylia.) A bishop of the first half of the fifth century, member ...
Amphoræ Amphorae Vessels generally made of clay, and furnished with ears or handles. Amphoræ were used for ...
Ampleforth, The Abbey of The Abbey of Ampleforth Ampleforth, located in the county of Yorkshire, England, belongs to the English Congregation of ...
Ampullæ Ampullae Among the smaller objects discovered in the catacombs are a number of fragments of vessels ...
Ampurias Ampurias (or CASTELSARDO and TEMPIO) An Italian diocese in Sardinia, suffragan of Sassari. The Right ...
Amra Amra The name of certain ancient Irish elegies or panegyrics on native saints. The most famous of ...
Amrah Amrah Central Syria has preserved for us an unequalled series of Christian monuments. From an early ...
Amraphel Amraphel King of Sennaar (Shinar), or Babylonia, one of the four Mesopotamian kings—the other three ...
Amsterdam Amsterdam Amsterdam, the capital, and second residential city of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, lies, in ...
Amulet Amulet See also USE AND ABUSE OF AMULETS (Greek, phylakterion Latin, amuleta ). An object ...
Amulets, Use and Abuse of Use and Abuse of Amulets The origin of the word amulet does not seem to have been definitely established. ( See ...
Amyclae Amyclae A titular see of Peloponnesus in Greece, in the ecclesiastical province of Hellas, a suffragan ...
Amyot, Jacques Jacques Amyot Bishop of Auxerre, Grand Almoner of France, and man of letters, b. 30 October, 1513; d. 6 ...
Anæsthesia Anaesthesia (From Greek a , privative, and aisthesis , feeling). A term in medicine, and the allied ...
Anabaptists Anabaptists (Greek ana , again, and baptizo , baptize ; rebaptizers). A violent and extremely ...
Anacletus II Anacletus II The title which was taken by Cardinal Pietro Pierleone at the contested papal election of the ...
Anacletus, Pope Saint Pope St. Anacletus The second successor of St. Peter . Whether he was the same as Cletus, who is also called ...
Anagni Anagni The Diocese of Anagni An Italian diocese in the province of Rome under the immediate ...
Analogy Analogy A philosophical term used to designate, first, a property of things; secondly, a process of ...
Analysis Analysis Analysis ( ana ="up" or "back", and lyein , "to loose") means a separation; it is the taking ...
Anaphora Anaphora (Greek, ànaphorá, offering, sacrifice). A liturgical term in the Greek Rite. ...
Anarchy Anarchy ( a privative, and arche , rule) Anarchy means an absence of law. Sociologically it is ...
Anastasia, Saint St. Anastasia This martyr enjoys the distinction, unique in the Roman liturgy, of having a special ...
Anastasiopolis Anastasiopolis Name of four ancient episcopal sees located respectively in Galatia (suffragan of Ancyra ), in ...
Anastasius Bibliothecarius Anastasius Bibliothecarius Librarian of the Roman Church, b. about 810; d. 879. He was a nephew of Bishop Arsenius of ...
Anastasius I, Pope Saint Pope St. Anastasius I A pontiff who is remembered chiefly for his condemnation of Origenism. A Roman by birth, he ...
Anastasius II, Pope Pope Anastasius II A native of Rome, elected 24 Nov., 496; d. 16 Nov., 498. His congratulatory letter to Clovis, on ...
Anastasius III, Pope Pope Anastasius III The one hundred and twenty-third occupant of the Holy See, elected September, 911; d. November, ...
Anastasius IV, Pope Pope Anastasius IV Crowned 12 July, 1153; d. in Rome, 3 December of the following year. It was during his ...
Anastasius Sinaita, Saint St. Anastasius Sinaita A Greek ecclesiastical writer, b. at Alexandria in the first half of the seventh century; d. ...
Anastasius, Saint St. Anastasius Bishop of Antioch, A.D. 559, distinguished for his learning and austerity of life; excited the ...
Anastasius, Saint St. Anastasius St. Anastasius, once a magician, became a convert of the Holy Cross and was martyred in 628. He ...
Anathema Anathema (Greek anathema -- literally, placed on high, suspended, set aside). A term formerly ...
Anathoth Anathoth Possibly plural of Anath , a feminine Chaldean deity, worshiped in Chanaan [Enc. Bib. s.v. ...
Anatolia, Saint St. Anatolia St. Anatolia, Virgin and Martyr in the time of Decius, was put to death in the city of Thyrum, or ...
Anatolia, Saint St. Anatolia St. Anatolia, Virgin and Martyr in the time of Decius, was put to death in the city of Thyrum, or ...
Anatolius, Saint St. Anatolius Bishop of Laodicea in Syria, one of the foremost scholars of his day in the physical sciences ...
Anatolius, Saint St. Anatolius Patriarch of Constantinople in the time of Theodosius the Younger. The heretic Dioscurus had ...
Anatomy Anatomy (Greek, anatome ). Literally, cutting up, or dissection; now used to signify the science of ...
Anazarbus Anazarbus A titular metropolitan see of Cilicia (Lesser Armenia), suffragan of Antioch, known also to the ...
Anchieta, Joseph Joseph Anchieta A famous Jesuit missionary, commonly known as the Apostle of Brazil, born on the Island of ...
Anchor (as Symbol), The The Anchor (as Symbol) The anchor, because of the great importance in navigation, was regarded in ancient times as a ...
Anchorites Anchorites ( `anachoréo, I withdraw), also hermits ( èremîtai, desert -dwellers, ...
Ancient of Days Ancient of Days A name given to God by the Prophet Daniel (7:9, 7:13, 7:22), in which he contrasts His eternal ...
Ancilla Dei Ancilla Dei In early Christian inscriptions the title ancilla Dei is often given to a deceased woman. ...
Ancona and Umana Ancona and Umana An Italian diocese in the Archdiocese of Ancona, comprising ten towns in the province of Ancona. ...
Ancona, Ciriaco d' Ciriaco d'Ancona An Italian antiquary whose family name was Pizzicolli, born at Ancona about 1391; died about ...
Ancren Riwle Ancren Riwle Or R EGULA I NCLUSARUM. The name given to a thirteenth-century code of rules for the life of ...
Ancyra Ancyra The modern A NGORA , a titular see of Galatia in Asia Minor, suffragan of Laodicea. It was ...
Ancyra, Councils of Councils of Ancyra Three councils were held in the former capital of Galatia (now Angora) in Asia Minor, during the ...
Andalusia Andalusia This appellative is derived from the Al-Andulus , the name given by the Arabs to the portion ...
Andechs Andechs A Benedictine monastery and famous place of pilgrimage on a hill about two miles east of the ...
Anderdon, William Henry William Henry Anderdon English Jesuit and writer, born in London, 26 December, 1816; died 28 July, 1890. After three ...
Anderledy, Anthony Maria Anthony Maria Anderledy General of the Society of Jesus, b. in Berisal, Canton Valais, Switzerland, 3 June, 1819; d. at ...
Anderson, Henry James Henry James Anderson Scientist and educator, b. in New York City, 6 February, 1799; d. at Lahore, India, 19 October, ...
Anderson, Lionel Albert Lionel Albert Anderson An English Dominican, b. about 1620; d. 21 October, 1710. The son of a Lincolnshire gentleman, he ...
Anderson, Patrick Patrick Anderson A Scottish Jesuit, b. at Elgin in Morayshire in 1575; died in London, 24 September, 1624. he ...
Anderton, James James Anderton An English Catholic, b. 1557; d. 1618. He belonged to the well-known Catholic family of Lostock ...
Anderton, Roger Roger Anderton A Catholic layman, son of Christopher Anderton of Lostock, brother of James and uncle of Lawrence ...
Anderton, Thomas Thomas Anderton An English Benedictine, b. in Lancashire in 1611; d. 9 October, 1671. He as the sixth son of ...
Anderton, Venerable Robert Ven. Robert Anderton English priest and martyr, b. in the Isle of Wight about 1560; d. 25 April, 1586. He ...
Andlaw, Heinrich Bernhard, Freiherr von Heinrich Bernhard, Freiherr von Andlaw A famous Catholic statesman of the nineteenth century, b. 20 August, 1803, at Freiburg im ...
Andlaw, Venerable William Ven. William Andleby Martyred at York 4 July, 1597. He was born at Etton in Yorkshire of a well-known gentle family. ...
André, Bernard Bernard Andre (Andreas.) Native of Toulouse, Austin friar, poet laureate of England and chronographer of ...
André, Yves Marie Yves Marie Andre Mathematician, b. 22 May, 1675, at Chateaulin, in Lower Brittany; d. at Caen, 25 February, 1764. ...
Andrés, Juan Juan Andres Littérateur and historian, b. at Planes, Valencia, Spain, in 1740; d. in Rome in 1817. ...
Andrada de Payva, Diego Diego Andrada de Payva A celebrated Portuguese theologian of the sixteenth century, b. at Coimbra 26 July 1528; d. 1 ...
Andrada, Alonso Alonso Andrada Biographer and ascetic writer, b. at Toledo, Spain, 1590; d. at Madrid, 20 June, 1672. Before ...
Andrada, Antonio de Antonio de Andrada The pioneer missionary and explorer of Thibet in the seventeenth century, b. at Oleiros, ...
Andrea Dotti, Blessed Blessed Andrea Dotti Born 1256, in Borgo San Sepolero, Tuscany, Italy ; d. there 31 August, 1315. He was of noble ...
Andrea Pisano Andrea Pisano Or ANDREA DA PISA (the name by which Andrea da Pontadera is known). An Italian sculptor and ...
Andrea, Giovanni d' Giovanni d'Andrea Canonist, b. at Mugello, near Florence, about 1275; d. 1348. He was educated by his father and at ...
Andreas of Caesarea Andrew of Caesarea Bishop of that see in Cappadocia, assigned by Krumbacher to the first half of the sixth ...
Andreas of Ratisbon Andreas of Ratisbon (Or REGENSBURG.) Historian of the later fourteenth and earlier fifteenth century. All that is ...
Andreas, Saint St. Andrew of Crete (Sometimes called Andreas in English biography), theologian, homilist, hymnographer, b. at ...
Andreis, Felix de Felix de Andreis First superior of the Congregation of the Mission ( Lazarists ) in the United States and ...
Andres, Juan Juan Andres A Spanish canonist, born at Xativa, or San Felipe, in Valencia. Of Moorish extraction, he ...
Andrew Avellino, Saint St. Andrew Avellino Born 1521 at Castronuovo, a small town in Sicily ; died 10 November, 1608. His baptismal name ...
Andrew Bobola, Saint St. Andrew Bobola Martyr, born of an old and illustrious Polish family, in the Palatinate of Sandomir, 1590; ...
Andrew Corsini, Saint St. Andrew Corsini Of the illustrious Corsini family ; born in Florence, in 1302; died 1373. Wild and dissolute in ...
Andrew of Crete, Saint St. Andrew of Crete (Sometimes called Andreas in English biography), theologian, homilist, hymnographer, b. at ...
Andrew of Lonjumeau Andrew of Lonjumeau Dominican missionary and papal ambassador, born in the diocese of Paris ; died c. 1253. He ...
Andrew of Rhodes Andrew of Rhodes (Sometimes, of COLOSSUS) Theologian, d. 1440. He was Greek by birth, and born of schismatic ...
Andrew the Scot, Saint Saint Andrew the Scot Archdeacon of Fiesole, born probably at the beginning of the ninth century; died about 877. St. ...
Andrew, Saint (Apostle and Martyr) St. Andrew The name "Andrew" (Gr., andreia , manhood, or valour), like other Greek names, appears to have ...
Andrew, Saint (Martyr of Lampsacus) St. Andrew A martyr of the Faith in Lampsacus, a city of Mysia, in the persecution of Decius. He and two ...
Andrews, William Eusebius William Eusebius Andrews Editor and author, born at Norwich, England, 6 December, 1773; died London, 7 April, 1837. His ...
Andria, Diocese Andria Comprises three towns in the Province of Bari and one in the Province of Potenza, Archdiocese of ...
Andronicus, Probus, and Tarachus, Saints Sts. Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus Martyrs of the Diocletian persecution (about 304). The "Martyrologium Hieronymian." contains the ...
Anemurium Anemurium Now ESTENMURE, a titular see of Cilicia, situated in antiquity on a high bluff knob that marks ...
Anerio, Felice Felice Anerio An eminent Roman composer, b. c. 1560; d. c. 1630. From 1575 he was for four years a boy-soprano ...
Anerio, Giovanni Francesco Giovanni Francesco Anerio Born in Rome c. 1567; died c. 1620. He spent four years as a chorister at St. Peter's, under ...
Anfossi, Filippo Filippo Anfossi An Italian Dominican, b. at Taggia, in the province of Genoa ; d. in Rome, 14 May, 1825. Pius ...
Ange de Saint Joseph Ange de Saint Joseph French missionary friar of the Order of Discalced Carmelites, b. at Toulouse, 1636; d. at ...
Ange de Sainte Rosalie Ange de Sainte Rosalie French genealogist and friar of the house of the Petits-Pères of the Discalced ...
Angel Angels (Latin angelus ; Greek aggelos ; from the Hebrew for "one going" or "one sent"; messenger). ...
Angel, Guardian Guardian Angels ( See also FEAST OF THE GUARDIAN ANGELS .) That every individual soul has a guardian angel ...
Angela Merici, Saint St. Angela Merici Foundress of the Ursulines, born 21 March, 1474, at Desenzano, a small town on the southwestern ...
Angela of Foligno, Blessed Bl. Angela of Foligno Umbrian penitent and mystical writer. She was born at Foligno in Umbria, in 1248, of a rich ...
Angeli, Francesco degli Francesco Degli Angeli ( Also Angelis). Missionary to Ethiopia, born at Sorrento, Italy, 1567; died at Colela in ...
Angeli, Girolamo degli Girolamo Degli Angeli An eminent pioneer missionary of Japan ; born at Castro-Giovanni, Sicily, 1567; died 4 December, ...
Angelicals, The The Angelicals A congregation of women founded at Milan about 1530 by Countess Luigia Torelli of Guastalla ...
Angelico, Fra Fra Angelico A famous painter of the Florentine school, born near Castello di Vicchio in the province of ...
Angelo Carletti di Chivasso, Blessed Bl. Angelo Carletti di Chivasso Moral theologian of the order of Friars Minor ; born at Chivasso in Piedmont, in 1411; and died ...
Angelo Clareno da Cingoli Angelo Clareno Da Cingoli One of the leaders of the so-called Spiritual Franciscans, b. at Fossombrone about 1247; d. at ...
Angels of the Churches Angels of the Churches St. John in the Apocalypse is shown seven candlesticks and in their midst, the Son of Man ...
Angels, Early Christian Representations of Early Christian Representations of Angels Angels were seldom represented in Christian art before Constantine. The oldest fresco in which ...
Angelus Angelus PRESENT USAGE The Angelus is a short practice of devotion in honour of the Incarnation ...
Angelus Bell Angelus Bell The triple Hail Mary recited in the evening, which is the origin of our modern Angelus, was ...
Angelus, Silesius Silesius Angelus (Johannes Scheffer) Convert, poet, controversialist, the son of a Lutheran Polish Nobleman, ...
Anger Anger The desire of vengeance. Its ethical rating depends upon the quality of the vengeance and the ...
Angers Angers (Andegavum) Comprises the territory embraced in the department of Maine and Loire. It was a ...
Angers, University of University of Angers The University of Angers is, probably, a development of the cathedral school of that city. Early ...
Anges, Notre Dame de Notre Dame de Anges (OUR LADY OF THE ANGELS) A miraculous shrine near Lur, France, containing a crypt (Sainte ...
Angilbert, Saint St. Angilbert Abbot of Saint-Riquier, died 18 February, 814. Angilbert seems to have been brought up at the ...
Angiolini, Francesco Francesco Angiolini A noted scholar, b. at Piacenza, Italy, 1750; d. at Polotsk, 21 February, 1788. He entered the ...
Anglesea, The Priory of The Priory of Anglesea The Priory of Anglesea, Cambridgeshire, England, was founded in honour of the Blessed Virgin ...
Anglican Orders Anglican Orders In the creed of the Catholic Church, Holy Order is one of the Seven Sacraments instituted by ...
Anglicanism Anglicanism A term used to denote the religious belief and position of members of the established Church ...
Anglin, Timothy Warren Timothy Warren Anglin Canadian journalist and member of Parliament, born in the town of Cloankilty, County Cork, ...
Anglo-Saxon Church, The The Anglo-Saxon Church I. ANGLO-SAXON OCCUPATION OF BRITAIN The word Anglo-Saxon is used as a collective name for ...
Anglona-Tursi Anglona-Tursi An Italian diocese comprising twenty-seven towns and three villages in the province of Potenza ...
Angola and Congo Angola and Congo Also known as SANTA CRUD DE REINO DE ANGOLA, and as SAO PAOLO DE LOANDA, diocese of Portuguese ...
Angora Angora Armenian rite diocese in Asia Minor (Asiatic Turkey). The Europeans now call Angora, and ...
Angoulême Angouleme (ENGOLIEIMA). Diocese ; comprises the Department of the Charente in France, and has always ...
Angra Angra The episcopal see of the Azores, suffragan of Lisbon, known as Angra do Heroismo, created in ...
Angulo, Pedro Pedro Angulo Native of Burgos in Spain, came to America in 1524 as a soldier, but joined the Dominican ...
Anhalt Anhalt Vicariate Apostolic comprising the territory of the German Duchy of Anhalt, with an area of 860 ...
Anicetus, Pope Saint Pope St. Anicetus The Roman Pontiff who succeeded Pius towards the year 157, and reigned till about 168. ...
Anima Christi Anima Christi This well-known prayer dates its origin from the first half of the fourteenth century and was ...
Anima, College and Church of the, in Rome College and Church of the Anima (In Rome) S. Maria dell' Anima, the German national church and hospice in Rome, received its name, ...
Animals in Christian Art Animals in Christian Art In Christian art animal forms have always occupied a place of far greater importance than was ...
Animals in the Bible Animals in the Bible The Bible makes no pretensions to science ; we must not therefore expect to meet in its pages ...
Animals, Cruelty to Cruelty To Animals Pagan antiquity The first ethical writers of pagan antiquity to advocate the duty of kindness ...
Animism Animism ( Latin, Anima, Soul) Animism is the doctrine or theory of the soul. In current language ...
Animuccia, Giovanni Giovanni Animuccia An Italian composer, born at Florence about 1500; died 1571. He was a pupil of Claude Goudimel. ...
Anise Anise Anise ( Matthew 23:23 ) has been, since Wyclif, the rendering of anethon in the English ...
Anna Anna (Septuagint Anna ; some versions have Hannah which is nearer to the original Hebrew. The ...
Anna Comnena Anna Comnena Byzantine historian, eldest daughter of Alexius Comnenus, Emperor of Constantinople (1081-1118). ...
Annals, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Annals The historical literature of the Middle Ages may be classed under three general heads: ...
Annas Annas (According to Blass and Wescott-Hort, Annas ; Josephus, Ananos ). Name (cf. Hebrew ...
Annat, François Francois Annat French Jesuit, theologian, writer, and one of the foremost opponents of Jansenism, b. 5 ...
Annates Annates The first fruits, or first year's revenue of an ecclesiastical benefice paid to the Papal ...
Anne d'Auray, Sainte Sainte Anne d'Auray A little village three miles from the town of Auray (6,500 inhabitants), in the Diocese of ...
Anne de Beaupré, Sainte Sainte Anne de Beaupre Devotion to Saint Anne , in Canada, goes back to the beginning of New France, and was brought ...
Anne de Xainctonge, Venerable Venerable Anne de Xainctonge Foundress of the Society of the Sisters of St. Ursula of the Blessed Virgin , born at Dijon, 21 ...
Anne Line, Saint St. Anne Line English martyr, d. 27 Feb., 1601. She was the daughter of William Heigham of Dunmow, Essex, a ...
Anne, Saint St. Anne Anne (Hebrew, Hannah , grace; also spelled Ann, Anne, Anna ) is the traditional name of the ...
Anne-Marie Javouhey, Venerable Ven. Anne-Marie Javouhey Foundress of the Sisters of St. Joseph of Cluny, born at Chamblanc, Diocese of Dijon, 11 ...
Annecy Annecy (A NNECIENSIS ) Diocese comprising the Department of Haute-Savoie in France, with the ...
Annegarn, Joseph Joseph Annegarn Catholic theologian and popular writer, b. 13 October, 1794, at Ostbevern in Westphalia ; d. 8 ...
Annibaldi, Annibale d' Annibale d'Annibaldi Theologian, b. of a Roman senatorial family early in the thirteenth century; d. at Rome, 1 ...
Annibale, Giuseppe d' Giuseppe d'Annibale Cardinal, theologian, b. at Borbona in the Diocese of Rieti, 22 September, 1815; d. at the same ...
Annius of Viterbo Annius of Viterbo (Giovanni Nanni). Archeologist and historian, born at Viterbo about 1432; died 13 November, ...
Anno, Saint St. Anno (Or HANNO). Archbishop of Cologne in 1055. When very young he entered the ecclesiastical ...
Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, The Fact of the The Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary The fact of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary is related in Luke 1:26-38 . The ...
Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, The Feast of the The Feast of the Annunciation The Feast of the Annunciation of the Blessed Virgin Mary (25 March), also called in old ...
Annunciation, The Orders of the The Orders of the Annunciation I. ANNUNCIADES A penitential order founded by St. Jeanne de Valois (b. 1464; d. 4 February, ...
Anointing of the Sick Extreme Unction A sacrament of the New Law instituted by Christ to give spiritual aid and comfort and perfect ...
Anquetil, Louis-Pierre Louis-Pierre Anquetil A French historian, b. in Paris, 21 Feb., 1723; d. 6 Sept., 1806. He entered the Congregation of ...
Ansaldi, Casto Innocenzio Casto Innocenzio Ansaldi Theologian and archaeologist, b. at Piacenza, in Italy, 7 March, 1710; d. at Turin, in 1780. ...
Ansaloni, Giordano Giordano Ansaloni (Sometimes called GIORDANO DI SAN STEFANO.) Born at San Angelo in Sicily early in the ...
Anschar, Saint St. Anschar (Or ANSGARIUS.) Called the Apostle of the North, was b. in Picardy, 8 September, 801; d. 5 ...
Anse, Councils of Councils of Anse Several medieval councils were held in this French town (near Lyons ). That of 994 decreed, ...
Ansegisus Ansegisus (Archbishop of Sens) Archbishop of Sens ; d. 25 November 879, or 883. He was a Benedictine monk, Abbot of St. ...
Ansegisus, Saint St. Ansegisus Born about 770, of noble parentage; died 20 July, 833, or 834. At the age of eighteen he entered ...
Anselm of Laon Anselm of Laon (ANSELMUS LAUDINENSIS.) Died 15 July, 1117, one of the famous theologians of the Middle ...
Anselm of Liège Anselm of Liege A Belgian chronicler of the eleventh century, b. 1008; d. about 1056. He was educated at the ...
Anselm of Lucca (the Younger), Saint St. Anselm of Lucca, the Younger Born at Mantua c. 1036; d. in the same city, 18 March, 1086. He was nephew of Anselm of Lucca, ...
Anselm, Saint St. Anselm Archbishop of Canterbury, Doctor of the Church ; born at Aosta a Burgundian town on the ...
Anselm, Saint St. Anselm (Duke of Forum Julii) Abbot, Duke of Forum Julii, the modern Friuli, in the northeastern part of Italy. Wishing to ...
Anselme, Antoine Antoine Anselme A celebrated French preacher, b. at l'Isle-Jourdain in the Comté d'Armagnac, 13 January, ...
Anslo, Reyer Reyer Anslo Dutch poet and convert, b. at Amsterdam in 1622; d. at Perugia in 1669. His parents were ...
Anstey, Thomas Chisholm Thomas Chisholm Anstey Lawyer and politician, son of one of the first settlers in Tasmania, b. in London, England, ...
Antediluvians Antediluvians (From Latin ante =before, and diluvium =flood; people who lived before the Flood ). IN ...
Anterus, Pope Saint Pope St. Anterus (ANTEROS.) (Reigned 21 November, 235-3 January, 236). We know for certain only that he ...
Anthelmi, Joseph Joseph Anthelmi A French ecclesiastical historian , b. at Fréjus, 25 July, 1648; d. in the same city, 21 ...
Anthemius Anthemius A Byzantine official of the fourth and fifth centuries, of high rank and fine character. He was ...
Anthony of Padua, Saint St. Anthony of Padua Franciscan Thaumaturgist, born at Lisbon, 1195; died at Vercelli [actually Arcella -- Ed. ], ...
Anthony of Sienna Anthony of Sienna A Dominican theologian, so called because of his great veneration for St. Catharine of Sienna, b. ...
Anthony of the Desert, Saint St. Anthony Founder of Christian monasticism . The chief source of information on St. Anthony is a Greek ...
Anthony of the Mother of God Anthony of the Mother of God (A. DE OLIVERA). A Spanish Carmelite, b. at Leon in Old-Castile; d. 1641. He taught ...
Anthony, Orders of Saint Orders of Saint Anthony Religious communities or orders under the patronage of Anthony the Hermit, father of monasticism, ...
Anthropomorphism, Anthropomorphites Anthropomorphism ( anthropos , man, and morphe , form). A term used in its widest sense to signify the ...
Antichrist Antichrist (Greek Antichristos ). In composition anti has different meanings: antibasileus denotes ...
Antidicomarianites Antidicomarianites An Eastern sect which flourished about A. D. 200 to 400, and which was so designated as ...
Antidoron Antidoron (Greek, anti , instead of; doron , a gift; i.e. a gift instead of) The remains of the ...
Antigonish Antigonish (Micmac, nalagitkooneech , "where the branches are torn off") Antigonish is the shiretown ...
Antimensium Antimensium Also ANTIMINSION (Greek antimension , from anti , instead of, and mensa , table, altar). ...
Antinoe Antinoe (or ANTINOPOLIS) A titular see of the Thebaid, now Esneh or Esench, a city in Egypt, built ...
Antinomianism Antinomianism ( anti , against, and nomos , law ) The heretical doctrine that Christians are ...
Antioch Antioch I. ANTIOCH OF SYRIA It is difficult to realize that in the modern Antakieh (28,000 inhab.), we ...
Antioch, The Church of Church of Antioch ( Antiocheia, Antiochia ) I. ORIGIN AND HISTORY OF THE CITY Of the vast empire conquered by ...
Antiochene Liturgy Antiochene Liturgy The family of liturgies originally used in the Patriarchate of Antioch begins with that of the ...
Antiochus of Palestine Antiochus of Palestine A monk of the seventh century, said to have been born near Ancyra ( Asia Minor ), lived first ...
Antipater of Bostra Antipater of Bostra (In Arabia ) in the fifth century, one of the foremost Greek prelates of the Roman Orient ; ...
Antipatris Antipatris A titular see of Palestine, whose episcopal list is known from 449 to 451 ( Gams,( 452). It ...
Antiphellos Antiphellos Now ANTEPHELO, or ANDIFILO, a titular see of Lycia, on the south coast of Asia Minor, at the head ...
Antiphon Antiphon (From the Greek antiphonon , sounding against, responsive sound, singing opposite, alternate ...
Antiphon (in Greek Liturgy) Antiphon (in Greek Liturgy) The Greek Liturgy uses antiphons, not only in the Office, but also in the Mass, at Vespers, and ...
Antiphon (in the Greek Church) Antiphon (In the Greek Church) ( antiphonon ) Socrates, the church historian (Hist. Eccl., VI, viii), says that St. ...
Antiphon, Communion Communion Antiphon The term Communion ( Communio ) is used, not only for the reception of the Holy Eucharist, but ...
Antiphonary Antiphonary (Latin antiphonarium, antiphonarius, antiphonarius liber, antiphonale ; Greek ...
Antiphonary, Gregorian Gregorian Antiphonary It is no longer possible to reconstruct completely a primitive Christian antiphonary ; by a ...
Antipodes Antipodes Speculations concerning the rotundity of the earth and the possible existence of human beings ...
Antipope Antipope A false claimant of the Holy See in opposition to a pontiff canonically elected. At various ...
Antiquities, Biblical Biblical Antiquities This department of archæology has been variously defined and classified. Some scholars have ...
Antivari Antivari ( Antibarium ) So called from its position opposite to Bari in Italy ; the Catholic ...
Antofogaste Antofogaste Vicariate Apostolic in Chile, dependent on the Sacred Congregation of Ecclesiastical Affairs. By ...
Antoine, Paul Gabriel Paul Gabriel Antoine A French theologian, born at Lunéville, 10 January, 1678; died at Pont-à-Mousson, ...
Anton Ulrich Anton Ulrich D UKE OF B RUNSWICK — L ÜNEBURG — W OLFENBÜTTEL A convert to the ...
Antonelli, Giacomo Giacomo Antonelli Cardinal ; Secretary of State to Pius IX, b. at Sonnino, in the Papal States, 2 April 1806; d. in ...
Antonelli, Leonardo Leonardo Antonelli Cardinal, b. at Sinigaglia, 6 November 1730; d. 23 January, 1811, nephew of Cardinal ...
Antonelli, Nicolò Maria Nicolo Maria Antonelli Cardinal, learned canonist, ecclesiastical historian, and Orientalist, b. at Sinigaglia, 8 July, ...
Antoniano, Giovanni Giovanni Antoniano Patrologist, b. at Nimeguen, in Holland, early in the sixteenth century; d. same place, in 1588. ...
Antoniano, Silvio Silvio Antoniano Cardinal, writer on education, b. 31 December 1540 in Rome ; d. there 16 August 1603. He was ...
Antoniewicz, Charles Charles Antoniewicz (Botoz.) A Polish Jesuit and missionary, born in Lwów (Lemberg), 6 November 1807; ...
Antoninus Pius Antoninus Pius (T ITUS Æ LIUS H ADRIANUS A NTONINUS P IUS ). Roman Emperor (138-161), born 18 ...
Antoninus, Saint St. Antoninus Archbishop of Florence, b. at Florence, 1 March, 1389; d. 2 May, 1459; known also by his ...
Antonio Maria Zaccaria, Saint St. Antonio Maria Zaccaria Founder of the Clerks Regular of St. Paul, commonly known as the Barnabites ; b. in Cremona, ...
Antonio of Vicenza, Maria Maria Antonio of Vicenza A Reformed Minorite, b. at Vicenza, 1 March, 1834; d. at Rovigno, 22 June, 1884. After his ...
Antonius Antonius A supposed Latin Christian poet of the third century, under whose name there is printed in ...
Antony, Franz Joseph Franz Joseph Antony Born 1790, at Muenster, Westphalia ; d. there, 1837. He received Holy Orders, and in 1819 became ...
Antwerp Antwerp (ANVERS, ANTVERPEN, Spanish AMBERES) A city of Belgium, in the archdiocese of Mechlin, ...
Anunciación, Fray Domingo de la Fray Domingo de la Anunciacion Dominican missionary, b. at Fuenteovejuna, 1510; d. in Mexico, 1591. In the world his name was ...
Anunciación, Fray Juan de la Fray Juan de la Anunciacion Born at Granada in Spain, probably 1514; died 1594. He went to Mexico, where he joined the ...
Aosta Aosta An Italian diocese, suffragan of Turin, and comprising 73 towns in the province of Turin. ...
Apaches Apaches A tribe of North American Indians belonging linguistically to the Athapascan stock whose ...
Apameia Apameia A titular metropolitan see of Syria, in the valley of the Orontes, whose episcopal list dates ...
Aparisi y Guijarro, Antonio Antonio Aparisi y Guijarro Parliamentary orator, jurisconsult, Catholic controversialist, and Spanish litterateur, b. in ...
Apelles Apelles Founder of a Gnostic sect ; died at an advanced age late in the second century. What little is ...
Aphian, Saint St. Aphian St. Aphian (or Apian), an illustrious martyr, under the Emperor Maximian, c. 306. He was only ...
Aphraates Aphraates (Greek, Aphraates ; Syriac Aphrahat or Pharhad ). The long list of Syriac writers ...
Apiarius of Sicca Apiarius of Sicca A priest of the diocese of Sicca, in proconsular Africa. Interest attaches to him only ...
Apocalypse, Book of Apocalypse Apocalypse, from the verb apokalypto , to reveal, is the name given to the last book in the ...
Apocatastasis Apocatastasis (Greek, apokatastasis ; Latin, restitutio in pristinum statum , restoration to the original ...
Apocrisiarius Apocrisiarius (Gr. apochrisis , an answer; cf. Lat. responsalis , from responsum ). This term indicates ...
Apocrypha Apocrypha Overview The scope of this article takes in those compositions which profess to have been ...
Apodosis Apodosis (Greek apodosis , a giving back) A usage of the Greek Church corresponding somewhat to the ...
Apollinarianism Apollinarianism A Christological theory, according to which Christ had a human body and a human sensitive ...
Apollinaris St. Apollinaris One of the first great martyrs of the church. He was made Bishop of Ravenna by St. Peter ...
Apollinaris (the Elder) Apollinaris (The Elder) A Christian grammarian of the fourth century, first at Berytus in Phoenicia, then at Laodicea ...
Apollinaris Claudius, Saint St. Apollinaris Claudius A Christian apologist, Bishop of Hierapolis in Phrygia in the second century. He became ...
Apollinaris, Saint St. Apollinaris The most illustrious of the Bishops of Valence, b. at Vienne, 453; d. 520. He lived in the ...
Apollonia, Saint St. Apollonia A holy virgin who suffered martyrdom in Alexandria during a local uprising against the ...
Apollonius of Ephesus Apollonius of Ephesus Anti- Montanist Greek ecclesiastical writer, between 180 and 210, probably from Asia Minor, ...
Apologetics Apologetics A theological science which has for its purpose the explanation and defence of the Christian ...
Apolysis Apolysis (Greek, apolysis , dismissal) The dismissal blessing said by the Greek priest at the end ...
Apolytikion Apolytikion A dismissal prayer or hymn said or sung at the end of the Gree Mass and at other times during ...
Apophthegmata Patrum Apophthegmata ( apo , from; phtheggomai , to cry out; pater , father) Sayings of the Fathers of the ...
Aporti, Ferrante Aporti An educator and theologian, born at San Martino dell'Argine, province of Mantua, Italy, 20 ...
Apostasy Apostasy ( apo , from, and stasis , station, standing, or position). The word itself in its ...
Apostle (in Liturgy) Apostle (In Liturgy) The name given by the Greek Church to the Epistle of the Divine Liturgy, which is invariably of ...
Apostle Spoons Apostle Spoons A set of thirteen spoons, usually silver, the handles of which are adorned with representations of ...
Apostles of Erin, The Twelve The Twelve Apostles of Erin By this designation are meant twelve holy Irishmen of the sixth century who went to study at the ...
Apostles' Creed Apostles' Creed A formula containing in brief statements, or "articles," the fundamental tenets of Christian ...
Apostles, Acts of the Acts of the Apostles In the accepted order of the books of the New Testament the fifth book is called The Acts of the ...
Apostles, Portraits of the Portraits of the Apostles The earliest fresco representing Christ surrounded by the Apostles dates from the beginning of ...
Apostles, The Apostles Under this title it may be sufficient to supply brief and essential information, I. on the name ...
Apostleship of Prayer, The The Apostleship of Prayer A pious association otherwise known as a league of prayer in union with the Heart of Jesus. It ...
Apostolic Blessing Apostolic Blessing The solemn blessing ( urbi et orbi ) which, before 1870, the Holy Father himself gave from the ...
Apostolic Camera Apostolic Camera The former central board of finance in the papal administrative system, which at one time was of ...
Apostolic Church-Ordinance Apostolic Church-Ordinance A third-century pseudo-Apostolic collection of moral and hierarchical rules and instructions, ...
Apostolic Churches Apostolic Churches The epithet Apostolic ( apostolikos ) occurs as far back as the beginning of the second ...
Apostolic College Apostolic College This term designates The Twelve Apostles as the body of men commissioned by Christ to spread the ...
Apostolic Constitutions Apostolic Constitutions A fourth-century pseudo-Apostolic collection, in eight books, of independent, though closely ...
Apostolic Executor Apostolic Executor A cleric who puts into execution a papal rescript, completing what is necessary in order ...
Apostolic Expeditors Apostolic Expeditors (Latin Expeditionarius literarum apostolicarum, Datariae Apostolicae sollicitator atque ...
Apostolic Fathers, The The Apostolic Fathers Christian writers of the first and second centuries who are known, or are considered, to have had ...
Apostolic Letters Apostolic Letters ( Litterae apostolicae ). 1. The letters of the Apostles to Christian communities or those ...
Apostolic Majesty Apostolic Majesty A title given to the Kings of Hungary, and used, since the time of Maria Theresa, by the King ...
Apostolic See, The The Apostolic See ( Soles apostolica, cathedra apostolica ). This is a metaphorical term, used, as happens in ...
Apostolic Succession Apostolic Succession Apostolicity as a note of the true Church being dealt with elsewhere, the object of the present ...
Apostolic Union of Secular Priests, The The Apostolic Union of Secular Priests An association of secular priests who observe a simple rule embodying the common duties of ...
Apostolicæ Sedis Moderationi Apostolicae Sedis Moderationi A Bull of Pius IX (1846-78) which regulates anew the system of censures and reservations in ...
Apostolicæ Servitutis Apostolicae Servitutis A Bull issued by Benedict XIV, 23 February, 1741, against secular pursuits on the part of the ...
Apostolicae Curae Apostolicae Curae Note: An English translation of Apostolicae Curae is available here. A Bull of Leo XIII ...
Apostolici Apostolici The name of four different heretical bodies. I. Heretics of the third century The sect of ...
Apostolici Ministerii Apostolici Ministerii A Bull issued 23 May, 1724, by Innocent XIII, for the revival of ecclesiastical discipline in ...
Apostolici Regiminis Apostolici Regiminis A Bull issued 19 December, 1513, by Leo X, in defence of the Catholic doctrine concerning the ...
Apostolicity Apostolicity Apostolicity is the mark by which the Church of today is recognized as identical with the ...
Apostolicum Pascendi Munus Apostolicum Pascendi Minis A Bull issued by Clement XIII, 12 January, 1765, in defense of the Society of Jesus against ...
Apotactics Apotactics (From Greek, apotassomai , to renounce). The adherents of a heresy which sprang up in the ...
Apotheosis Apotheosis (Greek apotheosis , from, and theos , deify). Deification, the exaltation of men to the ...
Apparitions Visions and Apparitions This article will deal not with natural but with supernatural visions, that is, visions due to ...
Apparitor Apparitor The official name given to an officer in ecclesiastical courts designated to serve the summons, ...
Appeal as from an abuse Appeal As From An Abuse ( Appel comme d'abus ) Appeal was originally a recourse to the civil forum against the ...
Appeals Appeals The purpose of this article is to give a comprehensive view of the positive legislation of the ...
Appetite Appetite ( ad , to + petere , to seek) A tendency, an inclination, or direction. As it is used by ...
Approbation Approbation Approbation is an act by which a bishop or other legitimate superior grants to an ecclesiastic ...
Appropriation Appropriation In general, consists in the attribution to a person or thing of a character or quality which ...
Apse Apse (Latin, apsis or absis , Ionic Greek, apsis , an arch). The semicircular or polygonal ...
Apse Chapel Apse Chapel A chapel radiating tangentially from one of the bays or divisions of the apse, and reached ...
Apsidiole Apsidiole (Also written ABSIDIALE). A small or secondary apse, one of the apses on either side of the ...
Apt, Council of Council of Apt Held 14 May, 1365, in the cathedral of that city by the archbishops and bishops of the ...
Aquarians Aquarians (Greek, Hydroparastatai ; Latin, Aquarii ). A name given to several sects in the ...
Aquila Aquila An Italian archdiocese in the Abruzzi, directly dependent on the Holy See. The See of ...
Aquila and Priscilla Aquila and Priscilla ( Or Prisca.) Jewish tentmakers, who left Rome (Aquila was a native of Pontus ) in the ...
Aquileia Aquileia A former city of the Roman Empire, situated at the head of the Adriatic, on what is now the ...
Aquileia, Councils of Councils of Aquileia A council held in 381, presided over by St. Valerian of Aquileia, and attended by thirty-two ...
Aquileian Rite Aquileian Rite The See of Aquileia fell into schism during the quarrel of the Three Chapters (under Bishop ...
Aquinas, St. Thomas St. Thomas Aquinas Philosopher, theologian, doctor of the Church ( Angelicus Doctor ), patron of Catholic ...
Aquino, Sora, and Pontecorvo Aquino, Sora, and Pontecorvo An Italian diocese immediately subject to the Holy See. It comprises 29 towns in the province ...
Arévalo, Faustino Faustino Arevalo A learned Jesuit hymnographer and patrologist, born 23 July, 1747. at Companario in ...
Arévalo, Rodríguez Sanchez de Rodriguez Sanchez de Arevalo A learned Spanish bishop. b. 1404, in the diocese of Segovia ; d. 4 October, 1470. After ...
Arabia Arabia Arabia is the cradle of Islam and, in all probability, the primitive home of the Semitic race. ...
Arabia, Councils of Councils of Arabia In 246 and 247 two councils were held at Bostra in Arabia against Beryllus, Bishop of the see, ...
Arabia, Vicariate Apostolic of Vicariate Apostolic of Arabia Arabia formerly belonged to the mission of Galla ( Africa), but was made a separate prefecture ...
Arabian School of Philosophy Arabian School of Philosophy Until the eighth century the Arabians, although they expressed their religious feelings in a ...
Arabici Arabici A small sect of the third century, whose founder is unknown, and which is commonly named from ...
Arabissus Arabissus A titular see of Armenia, suffragan of Melitene ; its episcopal list is known from 381 to ...
Arad Arad A titular see of Palestine, said to be identical with the eminence of Tell' Arad on the way from ...
Aragon and Castile Castile and Aragon The united kingdom which came into existence by the marriage (1469) of Isabella, heiress of ...
Aran, The Monastic School of The Monastic School of Aran The three islands of Aran stretch across the mouth of Galway Bay, forming a kind of natural ...
Aranda, Council of Council of Aranda Held at Aranda in the province of Burgos in Spain, in 1473, by Alfonso Carillo, Archbishop of ...
Aranda, Philip Philip Aranda Jesuit theologian, born at Moneva, Aragon, 3 February 1642; died at Saragossa, 3 June, 1695. He ...
Arason Jón Arason Jon The last Catholic bishop of Iceland before the introduction of Protestantism, b. 1484; d. 7 ...
Arator Arator A Christian poet of the sixth century, probably of Ligurian origin. He studied at Milan under ...
Araucania Araucania Located in Chile, established by Leo XIII in 1901, and confided to the Capuchins, It has ...
Araucanians Araucanians ( Also Araucans, Moluches, Mapuches). The origin of the word is not yet fully ascertained. A ...
Araujo, Antonio de Antonio de Araujo Brazilian missionary, born at St. Michael's in the Azores ; died 1632. He entered the Society ...
Araujo, Francisco de Francisco de Araujo Spanish theologian, b. at Verin, Galicia, 1580; d. Madrid, 19 March, 1664. In 1601, he entered the ...
Arawaks Arawaks ( Also Aruacans). The first American aborigines met by Columbus -- not to be confounded ...
Arbieto, Ignacio de Ignacio de Arbieto Jesuit, born at Madrid, February, 1585; died at Lima, Peru, 7 August 1670. He joined the Society ...
Arbitration Arbitration Arbitration in a general sense, is a method of arranging differences between two parties by ...
Arbogast, Saint St. Arbogast (Gaelic Arascach ). St. Arbogast has been claimed as a native of Scotland, but this is ...
Arbroath, Abbey of Abbey of Arbroath This monastery was founded on the east coast of Scotland (1178) by William the Lion, for ...
Arbuthnott, Missal of Missal of Arbuthnott A manuscript Scottish missal or mass-book, written in 1491 by James Sibbald, priest of ...
Arca Arca A box in which the Eucharist was kept by the primitive Christians in their homes. St. Cyprian ( ...
Arcachon, Our Lady of Our Lady of Arcachon A miraculous image venerated at Arcachon, France, and to all appearances the work of the ...
Arcadelt, Jacob Jacob Arcadelt (Also ARCHADELT, ARKADELT, HARCADELT) A distinguished musician, b. in Holland at the close of ...
Arcadiopolis Arcadiopolis A titular see of Asia Minor. Its episcopal list (431-879) is given in Gams (p. 444); there is ...
Arcae Arcae Also ARCA, now TEL-ARKA. A titular see on the coast of Phoenicia, between Tripolis and ...
Arcanum Arcanum An Encyclical Letter on Christian marriage, issued 10 February, 1880, by Leo XIII. Its scope ...
Arch Arch A structure composed of separate pieces, such as stone or bricks, having the shape of truncated ...
Archæology, Christian Christian Archaeology Christian archaeology is that branch of the science of archaeology the object of which is the ...
Archæology, The Commission of Sacred Archaeology An official pontifical board founded in the middle of the nineteenth century for the purpose of ...
Archange de Lyon Archange de Lyon A preacher of the Capuchin order whose name was Michael Desgranges, b. at Lyons, 2 March, 1736; ...
Archbishop Archbishop ( Archiepiskopos , archiepiscopus ). I. IN THE CATHOLIC CHURCH An archbishop or ...
Archconfraternity Archconfraternity A confraternity empowered to aggregate or affiliate other confraternities of the same nature, and ...
Archdeacon Archdeacon ( Latin archidiaconos ; Greek archidaikonos ). The incumbent of an ecclesiastical ...
Archdeacon, Richard Richard Archdeacon An Irish Jesuit, whose name is sometimes given as Archdekin or Arsdekin, b. at Kilkenny, 30 ...
Archdiocese Archdiocese ( Archidioikesis , archidioecesis ). This term does not designate an ecclesiastical ...
Archelais Archelais A titular see of Palestine, twelve miles west of the Jordan. Its episcopal list is given in ...
Archeology, Christian Christian Archaeology Christian archaeology is that branch of the science of archaeology the object of which is the ...
Archer, James James Archer An English missionary priest, born in London, 17 November, 1751; died 22 August, 1832. While ...
Arches, The Court of The Court of Arches The Court of Arches, so called from the fact that it was anciently held in the Church of St. ...
Archiereus Archiereus (Russian, arkhierei ). A Greek word for bishop, when considered as the culmination of the ...
Archimandrite Archimandrite (Greek archo , I command, and mandra , a sheepfold). In the Greek Rite the superior of ...
Archinto, Filipo Filipo Archinto An Italian theologian and diplomatist, born 1500 at Milan of the distinguished family of that ...
Architecture, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Architecture The best definition of architecture that has ever been given is likewise the shortest. It is "the ...
Architecture, Gothic Gothic Architecture The term Gothic was first used during the later Renaissance, and as a term of contempt. Says ...
Archives, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Archives Ecclesiastical archives may be described as a collection of documents, records, muniments, and ...
Archontics Archontics (From archon , prince, ruler). A Gnostic sect which existed in Palestine and Armenia ...
Archpriest Archpriest Just as among the deacons of the bishop's church one stood out as the special assistant and ...
Archpriest Controversy Archpriest Controversy This controversy arose in England on the appointment of George Blackwell as archpriest with ...
Arcosolium Arcosolium This word is derived from arcus "arch" and solium , a term sometimes used by Latin writers ...
Arculf Arculf A Frankish Bishop of the latter part of the seventh century. According to some, e.g. Alexis de ...
Ardagh Ardagh (High Field). Ardagh, an Irish diocese in the ecclesiastical province of Armagh, takes its ...
Ardbraccan Ardbraccan (Hill of Braccan, or Brecan) Site of an ancient abbey, now a parish and village in the county ...
Ardchatten, The Priory of The Priory of Ardchattan An Argyllshire house, one of the three in Scotland belonging to the Order of Vallis Caulium, or ...
Arden, Edward Edward Arden An English Catholic, executed during the reign of Queen Elizabeth, b. 1542 (?); d. 1583. He was ...
Ardilliers, Notre Dame des Notre Dame Des Ardilliers (Latin argilla , French argile , colloquial ardille , clay). A statue, fountain, and ...
Aremberg, Prince Charles d' Prince Charles d'Aremberg Definitor-general and Commissary of the Capuchins ; died at Brussels, 5 June, 1669. He is the ...
Areopolis Areopolis (Rabbath-Moab). A titular see of Palestine. Its episcopal list (449-536) is given in Gams ...
Arequipa, Diocese of Arequipa Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lima, Peru , was erected by Gregory XIII , 15 April, 1577, at ...
Arethas of Caesarea Arethas of Caesarea Born at Patrae, Greece, about 860; was, like all the eminent men of that time, a disciple of ...
Arethusa Arethusa A titular see of Syria near Apameia. Its episcopal list (325-680) is given in Gams (p. ...
Arezzo Arezzo A diocese of Tuscany, in Italy, which is directly dependent on the Holy See. It has 40 towns in ...
Argüello, Luis Antonio Luis Antonio Arguello Governor of California, born at San Francisco, 1784; died there in 1830. His family was one of ...
Argenson, Pierre de Voyer d' Pierre de Voyer d'Argenson Called the vicomte d'Argenson, chevalier, vicomte de Mouzé, seigneur de Chastres, was the ...
Argentina Argentina (Argentine Republic). A South American confederation of fourteen provinces, or States, united ...
Argos Argos A titular see of Peloponnesian Greece, from the fifth to the twelfth century, about twenty miles ...
Argyll and the Isles, Diocese of Argyll and the Isles The Diocese of Argyll, founded about 1200, was separated from the Diocese of Dunkeld ; it ...
Argyropulos, John John Argyropulos Humanist, and translator of Aristotle, born at Constantinople, 1416; died at Rome about 1486. It ...
Arialdo, Saint St. Arialdo Martyred at Milan in 1065, for his attempt to reform the simoniacal and immoral clergy of ...
Arianism Arianism A heresy which arose in the fourth century, and denied the Divinity of Jesus Christ. ...
Ariano Ariano Diocese in the Archdiocese of Beneventum, comprising seven towns in the province of Avellino, ...
Arias de Avila, Pedro Pedro Arias de Avila (Also known as Pedrarias Davila). A Spanish knight from Segovia, b. about the middle of the ...
Arias Montanus, Benedictus Benedictus Arias Montanus Orientalist, exegete, and editor of the "Antwerp Polyglot", born at Frejenal de la Sierra in ...
Arias, Francis Francis Arias Writer of ascetical treatises, born at Seville in Spain, 1533, died in that place, 15 May, ...
Ariassus Ariassus A titular see of Pamphylia in Asia Minor, whose episcopal list (381-458) is given in Gams (p. ...
Aribo Aribo Archbishop of Mainz ; date of birth unknown; d. 6 April, 1032; son of Arbo, Count Palatine in ...
Arindela Arindela A titular see of Palestine, whose episcopal list (431-536) is given in Gams (page 454).
Ariosto, Ludovico Ludovico Ariosto Called "The Italian Homer". He was the son of Nicolo Ariosto, Governor of Reggio, and Daria ...
Aristeas Aristeas A name given in Josephus (Ant. XII, ii passim ) to the author of a letter ascribing the Greek ...
Aristides Aristides A Christian apologist living at Athens in the second century. According to Eusebius, the ...
Aristotle Aristotle The greatest of heathen Philosophers, born at Stagira, a Grecian colony in the Thracian ...
Arius Arius An heresiarch, born about A.D.ú died 336. He is said to have been a Libyan by descent. His ...
Arizona Arizona Said to have been, probably in the original form of the word, Arizonac , and in this form a Pima ...
Ark of the Covenant Ark of the Covenant The Hebrew aron , by which the Ark of the Covenant is expressed, does not call to the mind, as ...
Ark, Noah's Noah's Ark The Hebrew name to designate Noah's Ark, the one which occurs again in the history of Moses' ...
Arkansas Arkansas One of the United States of America , bounded on the north by the State of Missouri, on the ...
Arlegui, Fray José Fray Jose Arlegui A Spaniards from Biscay, first attached to the Franciscan province of Cantabria, then ...
Arles, The Synods of The Synods of Arles The first Council of Arles was held in 314, for the purpose of putting an end to the Donatist ...
Armada, The Spanish The Spanish Armada The Spanish Armada, also called the Invincible Armada ( infra ), and more correctly La Armada ...
Armagh Armagh Archdiocese founded by St. Patrick about 445, as the primatial and metropolitan see of ...
Armagh, The Book of The Book of Armagh Technically known as LIBER AR(D)MACHANUS. A celebrated Irish-Latin manuscript preserved in ...
Armagh, The School of The School of Armagh The School of Armagh seems to have been the oldest, and down to the time of the Anglo-Norman ...
Armagnac, Georges d' Georges d'Armagnac French cardinal and diplomatist, b. c. 1501; d. 2 June, 1585. He belonged to the illustrious ...
Armellino, Mariano Mariano Armellino Benedictine historian, b. in Rome (according to others, at Ancona ) in 1657; d. at Foligno in ...
Armenia Armenia A mountainous region of Western Asia occupying a somewhat indefinite area to the southeast of ...
Armenierstadt Armenierstadt ( Hungarian, Szamos-Ujvar , Latin, Armenopolis ). A city in the Transylvanian county of ...
Armentia, Fray Nicolás Fray Nicolas Armentia Bishop of La Paz (capital of Bolivia, South America), appointed 22 October, 1901; b. at ...
Armidale Armidale A diocese situated in New South Wales (Australia), with its cathedral at Armidale, 335 miles ...
Arminianism Arminianism The popular designation of the doctrines held by a party formed in the early days of the ...
Arnauld Arnauld (A RNAUT, or A RNAULT .) A celebrated family, the history of which is intimately ...
Arne, Thomas Augustine Thomas Augustine Arne English composer, b. 12 March 1710, at London ; d. 5 March, 1778. Although of Catholic ...
Arni Thorlaksson Arni Thorlaksson An Icelandic bishop, b. in Iceland, 1237; d. at Bergen, 1297. While a deacon, he visited ...
Arnobius Arnobius A Christian apologist, flourished during the reign of Diocletian (284-305). St. Jerome says, in ...
Arnold Arnold Name of several medieval personages. Arnold Amalricus Cistercian monk, Abbot of ...
Arnold of Brescia Arnold of Brescia (ARNALDUS, ARNOLDUS, ERNALDUS) Born at Brescia towards the end of the eleventh century, ...
Arnoldi, Alberto Alberto Arnoldi (Or di Arnoldo). Italian sculptor and architect, b. at Florence, fourteenth century. In 1364, ...
Arnoldi, Bartholomaeus Bartholomaeus Arnoldi Usually called Usingen, after his birthplace, an Augustinian friar, teacher of Luther, and with him ...
Arnolfo di Cambio Arnolfo di Cambio Sometimes called di Lapo, the principal master of Italian Gothic, b. at Florence, about 1232; d. ...
Arnoudt, Peter Joseph Peter Joseph Arnoudt ( Also: Aernoudt, Arnold). Jesuit writer on spiritual subjects, born at Moere Belgium, 17 ...
Arnpeck, Veit Veit Arnpeck Bavarian historian, b. at Landshut in 1440; d. at the same place about the year 1505. He was ...
Arnulf of Bavaria Arnulf of Bavaria Son of Luitpold of the Agilulfing family and of Kunigunde, and Duke of Bavaria from 907 to 937. ...
Arnulf of Lisieux Arnulf of Lisieux (Lexoviensis or Luxoviensis). In France ; d. 31 August, 1184. He was educated by his ...
Arnulf of Metz, Saint St. Arnulf of Metz Statesman, bishop under the Merovingians, born c. 580; died c. 640. His parents belonged to a ...
Arras Arras (Atrebatum). Diocese comprising the Department of Pas-de-Calais in France. On the occasion of ...
Arras, Councils of Councils of Arras In 1025 a council was held at Arras against certain (Manichaean) heretics who rejected the ...
Arriaga, Pablo José Pablo Jose Arriaga Born at Vergara, in Biscay, 1564, entered the Society of Jesus in 1579, and in 1585 went to ...
Arricivita, Juan Juan Arricivita A native of Mexico in the eighteenth century. Little more is known of his life than that he was ...
Arrighetti, Nicolò Nicolo Arrighetti A professor of natural philosophy at Spoleto, Prato, and Sienna, b. at Florence, 17 March, 1709; ...
Arrighetti, Nicola Nicola Arrighetti Mathematician, b. at Florence and died there in 1639. He was distinguished as a litterateur, but ...
Arrowsmith, Venerable Edmund Ven. Edmund Arrowsmith English martyr, born in 1585 at Haddock; executed at Lancaster, 23 August, 1628. He is of great ...
Arsacidæ Arsacidae It was under the Dynasty of the Arsacids, who ruled the Persian empire from the year 256 B.C. ...
Arsenius Autorianos Arsenius Autorianos Patriarch of Constantinople, in the thirteenth century; died 1273. He entered a monastery in ...
Arsenius, Saint St. Arsenius Anchorite; born 354, at Rome ; died 450, at Troe, in Egypt. Theodosius the Great having ...
Arsinoe Arsinoe A titular see of Egypt, now Medinet el Fayum, capital of the district of that name, and ...
Art, Christian Christian Art " Christian art" is a term which, while it always applies to the fine arts and their creations ...
Art, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Art Before speaking in detail of the developments of Christian art from the beginning down to the ...
Artemon Artemon (Or Artemas). Mentioned as the leader of an Antitrinitarian sect at Rome, in the third ...
Arthur, James James Arthur (Didacus Arturus). A Dominican friar, and a theologian of note, b. at Limerick, Ireland, ...
Arthur, Thomas Thomas Arthur A celebrated Catholic physician of the seventeenth century, born at Limerick, 1593, died c. ...
Articles of Faith Articles of Faith (Greek, arthron ; Latin, articulus , joint). Certain revealed supernatural truths such ...
Articles, The Organic The Organic Articles A name given to a law regulating public worship, comprising 77 articles relative to Catholicism, ...
Artoklasia Artoklasia (Greek artos = bread, klao = to break; the breaking of bread). A peculiar service in the ...
Arts, Bachelor of Bachelor of Arts A degree marking the completion of the traditional curriculum of the college. In the medieval ...
Arts, Master of Master of Arts An academic degree higher than that of Bachelor. The conferring of the degree of Master of Arts, ...
Arts, The Faculty of The Faculty of Arts One of the four traditional divisions of the teaching body of the university. It is impossible to ...
Arts, The Seven Liberal The Seven Liberal Arts The expression artes liberales , chiefly used during the Middle Ages, does not mean arts as we ...
Artvin Artvin Artvin, a Russian city in the trans-Caucasian province of Kutais, is situated near Turkish ...
Arundel, Thomas Thomas Arundel Sixtieth Archbishop of Canterbury, second son of Robert, Earl of Arundel and Warren, b. 1353; ...
Arundell Arundell (Family) Thomas, first Lord Arundell of Wardour Born 1560; died at Oxford, 7 November, 1639. He was the ...
Asaph, Saint St. Asaph (Or Asa). First Bishop of the Welsh See of that name (second half of the sixth century). ...
Ascalon Ascalon A titular see of Palestine whose episcopal list (351-930 or 40) is given in Gams (p. 453). It ...
Ascelin Ascelin Ambassador of Innocent IV (1243-54) to the Tartars. He entered the Dominican Order, probably at ...
Ascendente Domino Ascendente Domino A Bull issued by Gregory XIII, 24 May, 1584, in favor of the Society of Jesus, to confirm the ...
Ascension Ascension See also The Feast of the Ascension . The elevation of Christ into heaven by His own power ...
Ascension, Feast of the Feast of the Ascension See also The Fact of the Ascension . The fortieth day after Easter Sunday , commemorating ...
Ascetical Theology Ascetical Theology Ascetics, as a branch of theology, may be briefly defined as the scientific exposition of ...
Asceticism Asceticism The word asceticism comes from the Greek askesis which means practice, bodily exercise, and ...
Aschbach, Joseph, Ritter von Joseph, Ritter von Aschbach German historian, b. at Hochst, in Hesse-Nassau, 29 April, 1801; d. at Vienna, 25 April, 1882. In ...
Ascoli, Satriano, and Cirignola Ascoli, Satriano, and Cirignola An Italian diocese, suffragan to the Archdiocese of Beneventum, comprising six towns and two ...
Ascoli-Piceno Ascoli-Piceno Diocese comprising sixteen towns in the Province of Ascoli-Piceno, two in that of Aquila, and two ...
Aseity Aseity Aseity (Latin a , from; se , itself: ens a se ) is the property by which a being exists ...
Aseneth Aseneth The daughter of Putiphare (Poti-phera), priest of On. The Pharaoh of Egypt gave her to wife ...
Aser Aser Though the form Aser uniformly appears in the Septuagint, Vulgate, and Douay versions, an ...
Asgaard Asgaard Asgaard (from As , plural Aeser , or in English, "Ases"--Norwegian for the gods--and gaard ...
Ash Wednesday Ash Wednesday The Wednesday after Quinquagesima Sunday , which is the first day of the Lenten fast. The ...
Ashby, George George Ashby Monk of the Cistercian Monastery of Jervaulx in Yorkshire, executed after the Pilgrimage of ...
Ashby, Thomas Thomas Ashby Suffered at Tyburn, 29 March, 1544. His name was originally contained in the process of the ...
Ashes Ashes It is not easy to arrive at the fundamental conception of the liturgical use of ashes. No doubt ...
Ashley, Venerable Ralph Venerable Ralph Ashley Martyr and Jesuit lay-brother; first heard of, it seems, as cook at Douay College, which he ...
Ashton, John John Ashton An early Jesuit missionary in Maryland ; born in Ireland, 1742; died in Maryland, 1814, or ...
Ashton, Venerable Roger Ven. Roger Ashton Martyr, third son of Richard Ashton of Croston, in Lancashire. He was hanged, drawn, and ...
Asia Asia In the present article it is intended to give a rapid survey of the geography, ethnography, ...
Asia Minor Asia Minor The peninsular mass that the Asiatic continent projects westward of an imaginary line running ...
Asiongaber Asiongaber (Ezion-Geber) More properly Ezion-geber, a city of Idumea, situated on the northern extremity of the ...
Aske, Robert Robert Aske An English gentleman, and nominal leader of the 30,000 Northern Catholics who rose in defence ...
Asmodeus Asmodeus The name of the demon mentioned in the Book of Tobias (iii, 8). The name is most probably ...
Aspendus Aspendus A titular see of Pamphylia in Asia Minor, situated along the Eurymedon, on a lofty hill that ...
Asperges Asperges (Latin, aspergere, to wash, sprinkle). The rite of sprinkling the congregation with holy ...
Aspilcueta, Martin Martin Aspilcueta (Also AZPILCOETA.) Generally known as Navarrus, or Doctor Navarrus, a famous Spanish canonist ...
Ass, The, in Caricature of Christians The Ass (In Caricature of Christians) The calumny of onolatry, or ass-worship, attributed by Tacitus and other writers to the Jews, ...
Assam Assam A Prefecture Apostolic in the ecclesiastical province of Calcutta, India, established in 1889. ...
Assemani Assemani (Arabic, Sam'an , i.e. Simeon ) The name of an illustrious Maronite family of Mount ...
Assemblies of the French Clergy Assemblies of the French Clergy Quinquennial representative meetings of the Clergy of France for the purpose of apportioning ...
Asser, John John Asser (Or Asserius Menevensis). A learned monk of St David's, Menevia, b. in Pembrokeshire; d. ...
Asses, Feast of Feast of Asses The celebration of the "Festum Asinorum" in medieval and ecclesiastical circles was a pastime ...
Assessor of the Holy Office Assessor of the Holy Office An official of the Congregation of the Inquisition. The Holy Office is better known as the ...
Assessors Assessors Assessors, in ecclesiastical law, are learned persons who function is to counsel a judge with ...
Assicus, Saint St. Assicus Bishop and Patron of Elphin, in Ireland, one of St. Patrick's converts, and his worker in ...
Assideans Assideans Assideans (Hebrew, chasidim , saints; Greek, Asidaioi ), men endowed with grace ( Psalm 39:5 ; ...
Assimilation, Physiological Physiological Assimilation In this sense the word may be defined as that vital function by which an organism changes nutrient ...
Assimilation, Psychological Psychological Assimilation As applied to a mental process, assimilation derives all its force and meaning from the analogy ...
Assisi Assisi Diocese located in the civil province of Umbria, Italy. The town of Assisi ( Assisium ), ...
Assistant at the Pontifical Throne Assistant at the Pontifical Throne (ASSISTENS THRONO PONTIFICIO.) Bishops-assistant at the pontifical throne are those prelates ...
Assizes of Jerusalem Assizes of Jerusalem The signification of the word assizes in this connection is derived from the French verb ...
Assmayer, Ignaz Ignaz Assmayer An Austrian musician, born at Salzburg, 11 February, 1790; died in Vienna, 31 August, 1862. ...
Association of Ideas Association of Ideas (1) A principle in psychology to account for the succession of mental states; (2) the basis ...
Association of Priestly Perseverance Association of Priestly Perseverance A sacerdotal association founded in 1868 at Vienna, and at first confined to that Archdiocese. ...
Association, Right of Voluntary Right of Voluntary Association I. LEGAL RIGHT A voluntary association means any group of individuals freely united for the ...
Associations, Pious Pious Associations Under this term are comprehended all those organizations, approved and indulgenced by Church ...
Assuerus Assuerus The name of two different persons in the Bible : I. In Ezra 4:6 , and Esther 1:17 , it ...
Assumption of Mary Assumption of Mary The Feast of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary, 15 August; also called in old liturgical ...
Assumption, Augustinians of the Augustinians of the Assumption (The Assumptionists) (Also called the Assumptionists .) This congregation had its origin in the College of the ...
Assumption, Little Sisters of the Little Sisters of the Assumption A congregation whose work is the nursing of the sick poor in their own homes. This labour they ...
Assumption, Sisters of the Sisters of the Assumption A congregation of French nuns devoted to the teaching of young girls. It was founded in 1839 by ...
Assumptionists Augustinians of the Assumption (The Assumptionists) (Also called the Assumptionists .) This congregation had its origin in the College of the ...
Assur (multiple definitions) Assur (Septuagint Assour .) (1) The name used in the Old Testament to designate the Assyrian land ...
Assur (titular see) Assur (Or Assuræ.) A titular see of Proconsular Africa, now Henchir-Zenfour. Its episcopal ...
Assyria Assyria In treating of Assyria it is extremely difficult not to speak at the same time of its sister, ...
Assyrian Rite East Syrian Rite Also known as the Chaldean, Assyrian, or Persian Rite. History and Origin This rite is used by ...
Asterisk Asterisk (From the Greek aster , a star). This is a utensil for the Liturgy according to the Greek ...
Asterius Asterius Name of several prominent persons in early Christian history. (1) Asterius of Petra, a ...
Asti Asti One of the divisions of the province of Alexandria, and suffragan of Turin. Asti is a very old ...
Aston Aston The name of several English Catholics of prominence. Sir Arthur, member of an ancient and ...
Astorga Astorga (ASTURIGA AUGUSTA.) Suffragan of Valladolid in Spain, dates it is said, from the third ...
Astrology Astrology The supposed science which determines the influence of the stars, especially of the five older ...
Astronomy Astronomy (From Greek astron , star; nemein , to distribute). A science of prehistoric antiquity, ...
Astronomy in the Bible Astronomy in the Bible No systematic observations of the heavenly bodies were made by the Jews. Astral worship was rife ...
Astros, Paul-Thérèse-David d' Paul-Therese-David d'Astros A French cardinal, b. At Tourves (Var.) in 1772; d. 29 September, 1851. He was a nephew of ...
Astruc, Jean Jean Astruc Born At Sauves, 19 March, 1684; died At Paris, 5 May, 1766. He was the son of a converted ...
Atahuallpa Atahuallpa Properly ATAU-HUALLPA (etymology usually given as from huallpa , the name of some indigenous ...
Atahualpa, Jean Santos Juan Santos Atahualpa An Indian from Cuzco who, being in the service of a Jesuit, went to Spain with his master. ...
Atavism Atavism (Latin, atavus , a great-grandfather's grandfather, an ancestor). Duchesne introduced the ...
Athabasca Vicariate Apostolic of Athabasca (Northwest Territories). Suffragan of Saint Boniface ; erected 8 April, 1862, by Pius IX. ...
Athanasian Creed, The The Athanasian Creed One of the symbols of the Faith approved by the Church and given a place in her liturgy, is a ...
Athanasius, Saint St. Athanasius Bishop of Alexandria ; Confessor and Doctor of the Church ; born c. 296; died 2 May, 373. ...
Atheism Atheism ( a privative, and theos , God, i.e. without God ). Atheism is that system of thought ...
Athelney, The Abbey of The Abbey of Athelney The Abbey of Athelney, established in the County of Somerset, England, was founded by King Alfred, ...
Athenagoras Athenagoras A Christian apologist of the second half of the second century of whom no more is known than ...
Athenry Athenry A small inland town in the county Galway, Ireland, anciently called Athnere, from Ath-na-Riagh ...
Athens, Christian Christian Athens Christianity was first preached in Athens by St. Paul. He came to Athens from Berœa of ...
Athens, Modern Diocese of Modern Diocese of Athens The Greeks have long regarded their religion as a national affair. This notion is so deep-rooted ...
Athias, Joseph Joseph Athias Born in Spain, probably in Cordova, at the beginning of the seventeenth century; died at ...
Athos, Mount Mount Athos Athos is a small tongue of land that projects into the Aegean Sea, being the eastern-most of the ...
Atienza, Juan de Juan de Atienza Born at Tordehumos, near Valladolid, in Spain, in the year 1546, eldest son of the royal ...
Atkinson, James James Atkinson Catholic confessor, tortured to death in Bridewell prison in 1595. His pathetic and romantic ...
Atkinson, Nicholas Nicholas Atkinson Priest and martyr, probably to be identified with Venerable Thomas Atkinson. Dodd, who mentions ...
Atkinson, Paul, of St. Francis Paul Atkinson of St. Francis One of the notable confessors of the English Church during the age which succeeded the ...
Atkinson, Sarah Sarah Atkinson Philanthropist and biographer, born at Athlone, Ireland, 13 October, 1823; died Dublin 8 July ...
Atkinson, Ven. Thomas Ven. Thomas Atkinson Martyred at York, 11 March, l6l6. He was born in the East Riding of Yorkshire, was ordained ...
Atom Atom (Gr. a privative, and temno , cut; indivisible). Primarily, the smallest particle of ...
Atomism Atomism Atomism [ a privative and temnein to cut, i.e. indivisible] is the system of those who hold ...
Atonement, Day of Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur) ( Hebrew Yom Hakkippurim . Vulgate, Dies Expiationum , and Dies Propitiationis — ...
Atonement, Doctrine of the Doctrine of the Atonement The word atonement , which is almost the only theological term of English origin, has a ...
Atrib Atrib A titular see of Lower Egypt (Athribites) whose episcopal list (325-479) is given in Gams ...
Atrium Atrium I. An open place or court before a church. It consisted of a large quadrangle with colonnaded ...
Attainder Attainder A bill of attainder may be defined to be an Act of Parliament for putting a man to death or for ...
Attala, Saint St. Attala Born in the sixth century in Burgundy ; died 627. He first became a monk at Lérins, but, ...
Attalia Attalia (Also ATTALEIA.) A titular metropolitan see of Pamphylia in Asia Minor. Its episcopal list ...
Attaliates, Michael Attaliates Byzantine statesman and historian, probably a native of Attalia in Pamphylia, whence he seems ...
Atticus Atticus Patriarch of Constantinople (406-425), born at Sebaste in Armenia ; died 425. He was ...
Attigny, Councils of Councils of Attigny In 765, St. Chrodegang of Metz and thirty-seven other bishops mutually promised in an ...
Attila the Hun Attila the Hun King and general of the Huns; died 453. Succeeding in 433 to the kingship of Scythian hordes ...
Attiret, Jean Denis Jean Denis Attiret Painter, born at Dole, France, 31 July, 1702; died at Pekin, 8 December, 1768. He made serious ...
Atto Atto A faithful follower of Gregory VII in his conflict with the simoniac clergy, born probably at ...
Atto of Pistoia Atto of Pistoia Born at Badajoz in Spain, 1070; died 22 May, 1155. He became Abbot of Vallombrosa, (Tuscany) in ...
Atto of Vercelli Atto of Vercelli A learned theologian and canonist of the tenth century, son of the Viscount Aldegarius and ...
Attracta, Saint St. Attracta (Or ST. ARAGHT). A contemporary of St. Patrick from whom she received the veil. She is known ...
Attributes, Divine Divine Attributes In order to form a more systematic idea of God, and as far as possible, to unfold the ...
Attrition Attrition Attrition or Imperfect Contrition (Latin attero , "to wear away by rubbing"; p. part. ...
Attuda Attuda A titular see of Phrygia in Asia Minor whose episcopal list (431-879) is given in Gams (446).
Aubarède, Jean-Michel-d'Astorg Jean-Michel-d'Astorg Aubarede Canon regular, and Vicar Capitular of Pamiers, born 1639; died 4 August, 1692. He was educated ...
Aubermont, Jean-Aontoine d' Jean-Antoine d'Aubermont Theologian of Bois-le-Duc ; died 22 November, 1686. He joined the Dominicans in 1633, taught ...
Aubery, Joseph Joseph Aubery Jesuit missionary in Canada, born at Gisors in Normandy, 10 May, 1673; died at St. ...
Aubignac, François Hédelin, Abbé d' Francois Hedelin, Abbe d'Aubignac Grammarian, poet, preacher, archeologist, philologist. Born at Paris, 4 August, 1604; died at ...
Aubusson, Pierre d' Pierre d'Aubusson Grand Master of the Order of St. John of Jerusalem , born 1423; died 1503. He made his first ...
Auch Auch (Augusta Auscorum). Archdiocese ; comprises the Department of Gers in France. Before the ...
Auckland Auckland Diocese comprising the Provincial District of Auckland (New Zealand), with its islets, and the ...
Auctorem Fidei Auctorem Fidei A Bull issued by Pius VI, 28 August, 1794, in condemnation of the Gallican and Jansenist acts ...
Audiences, Pontifical Pontifical Audiences Pontifical Audiences are the receptions given by the pope to cardinals, sovereigns, princes, ...
Audifax, Abachum, Martha, and Maris, Saints Sts. Maris, Martha, Audifax, and Abachum All martyred at Rome in 270. Maris and his wife Martha, who belonged to the Persian nobility, ...
Audiffredi Giovanni Battista Audiffredi Born at Saorgio, near Nice, in 1734; died at Rome, July, 1794. He entered the Dominican Order, ...
Audin, J.-M.-Vincent J.-M.-Vincent Audin Born at Lyons in 1793; died in Paris, 21 February, 1851. He first studied theology in the ...
Audisio, Guglielmo Guglielmo Audisio Born at Bra, Piedmont, Italy, 1801; died in Rome, 27 September, 1882. He was professor of ...
Auditor Auditor The designation of certain officials of the Roman Curia, whose duty it is to hear ( Latin ...
Audran Audran The family name of four generations of distinguished French artists, natives of Paris and Lyons, ...
Auenbrugger, Leopold Leopold Auenbrugger ( Or von Auenbrugg). An Austrian physician, born 19 November, 1722; died 17 May, 1807. He ...
Aufsees, Jobst Bernhard von Jobst Bernhard von Aufsees Canon of Bamberg and Würzburg, born 28 March, 1671, on the family estate of Mengersdorf; ...
Auger, Edmond Edmond Auger Born 1530, near Troyes ; died at Como, Italy, 31 January, 1591, one of the great figures in ...
Augilæ Augilae ( Or Augila). A titular see of Cyrenaica in Northern Africa. It was situated in an oasis ...
Augsburg Augsburg Diocese in the Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, suffragan of the Archdiocese of Munich-Freising, ...
Augsburg, Synods of Synods of Augsburg From the time of St. Boniface (d. 754), especially during periods of earnest revival of ...
Augusta Augusta A titular see of Cilicia in Asia Minor, whose episcopal list (363-434) is given in Gams (435). ...
Augustin von Alfeld Augustin von Alfeld (Alveldt, or Alveldianus) One of the earliest and most aggressive opponents of Luther, born in ...
Augustine of Canterbury, Saint St. Augustine of Canterbury First Archbishop of Canterbury, Apostle of the English; date of birth unknown; d. 26 May, ...
Augustine of Hippo, Life of Saint St. Augustine of Hippo ( See also WORKS OF SAINT AUGUSTINE and TEACHING OF SAINT AUGUSTINE .) The great St. ...
Augustine of Hippo, Teaching of Saint Teaching of St. Augustine of Hippo St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430) is "a philosophical and theological genius of the first order, ...
Augustine of Hippo, Works of Saint Works of St. Augustine of Hippo St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430) was one of the most prolific geniuses that humanity has ever ...
Augustine, Rule of Saint Rule of St. Augustine The title, Rule of Saint Augustine , has been applied to each of the following documents: ...
Augustinian Canons Canons and Canonesses Regular (Also called REGULAR CLERICS, RELIGIOUS CLERICS, CLERIC-CANONS, AUGUSTINIAN CANONS, BLACK CANONS, ...
Augustinians Hermits of St. Augustine (Generally called Augustinians and not to be confounded with the Augustinian Canons ). A ...
Augustinians of the Assumption Augustinians of the Assumption (The Assumptionists) (Also called the Assumptionists .) This congregation had its origin in the College of the ...
Augustinus, Antonius Antonius Augustinus Historian of canon law and Archbishop of Tarragona in Spain, born at Saragossa 26 February, ...
Augustinus-Verein, The The Augustinus-Verein An association organized in 1878 to promote the interests of the Catholic press, particularly the ...
Augustopolis Augustopolis A titular see of Palestine, suffragan of Petra. Its episcopal list (431-536) is given in Gams ...
Augustus Augustus The name by which Caius Julius Caesar Octavianus, the first Roman emperor, in whose reign Jesus ...
Augustus Abbey, Fort Fort Augustus Abbey St. Benedict's Abbey, at Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, is at present the only monastery for ...
Aulne Abbey Aulne Abbey (Alna). A former Cistercian monastery near Landelies on the Sambre in the Diocese of ...
Aumbry Aumbry Variously written AMBRY, or AUMBRYE, is a derivative through the French of the classical ...
Aunarius, Saint St. Aunarius (Or Aunacharius). Bishop of Auxerre in France, born 573, died 603. Being of noble birth, he ...
Aurea Aurea (Golden). A title given to certain works and documents: Bulla, the charter of emperor ...
Aurelian Aurelian (Lucius Dominius Aurelianus). Roman Emperor, 270-275, born of humble parents, near Sirmium in ...
Aureliopolis Aureliopolis A titular see of Lydia in Asia Minor, whose episcopal list (325-787) is given in Gams (p. 447).
Aurelius Aurelius Archbishop of Carthage from 388 to 423. From the title of St. Cyprian, Carthage was one of the ...
Aurelius Antoninus, Marcus Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Roman Emperor, A.D. 161-180, born at Rome, 26 April, 121; died 17 March, 180. HIS EARLY LIFE ...
Aureoli, Petrus Petrus Aureoli (Aureolus, D'auriol, Oriol). A Franciscan philosopher and theologian, called on account of ...
Auriesville Auriesville The site of the Mohawk village, Montgomery County, New York, U.S.A. in which Father Issac Jogues, ...
Aurispa, Giovanni Giovanni Aurispa A famous ltalian humanist and collector of Greek manuscripts, born about 1369 at Noto, in ...
Aurora Lucis Rutilat Aurora Lucis Rutilat This is one of the Ambrosian hymns , but its author is unknown. It has been revised and ...
Ausculta Fili Ausculta Fili A letter addressed 5 December 1301, by Pope Boniface VIII to Philip the Fair, King of France. ...
Ausonius, Decimus Magnus Decimus Magnus Ausonius A professor and poet born about A. D. 310; died, probably, about A.D. 394. The son of a physician ...
Austin, John John Austin An English lawyer and writer, born 1613 at Walpole, in Norfolk; died London, 1669. He was a ...
Australia Australia (Also known as N EW H OLLAND till about 1817). Australia is geographically the world's ...
Austremonius, Saint St. Austremonius Apostle and Bishop of Auvergne (c. 314). All that is certainly known of Austremonius is deduced ...
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, The Austro-Hungarian Monarchy By this name is designated the European monarchy whose dominions have for their main ...
Authentic Authentic The term is used in two senses. It is applied first to a book or document whose contents are ...
Authenticity of the Bible Authenticity of the Bible The authenticity or authority of Holy Writ is twofold on account of its twofold authorship. ...
Authority, Civil Civil Authority Civil Authority is the moral power of command, supported (when need be) by physical coercion, ...
Authorized Version, The The Authorized Version Name given to the English translation of the Bible produced by the Commission appointed by James ...
Autocephali Autocephali (Greek, autokephaloi , independent). A designation in early Christian times of certain ...
Autos Sacramentales Autos Sacramentales (Spanish auto , act or ordinance; sacramental , sacramental, pertaining to a sacrament) ...
Autpert, Ambrose Ambrose Autpert An early medieval writer and abbot of the Benedictine Order, born in France, early in the ...
Autran, Joseph Joseph Autran French poet, born at Marseilles 20 June, 1813; died in the same city, 6 March, 1877. He pursued ...
Autun Autun THE DIOCESE OF AUTUN (Augustodonum). Comprises the entire Department of Saone et Loire in ...
Auxentius of Milan Auxentius of Milan Native of Cappadocia, ordained (343) to the priesthood by Gregory, the intruded Bishop of ...
Auxentius of Mopsuestia Auxentius of Mopsuestia (360) Baronius places this bishop in the Roman martyrology, because of the story told by ...
Auxentius, Junior Auxentius, Junior Auxentius, Junior — originally Mercurinus, a Scythian, and a disciple of Ulfilas, or ...
Auxerre, Councils of Councils of Auxerre In 585 (or 578) a Council of Auxerre held under St. Annacharius formulated forty-five canons, ...
Auxiliary Bishop Auxiliary Bishop A bishop deputed to a diocesan who, capable of governing and administering his diocese, is ...
Auxilius of Naples Auxilius of Naples The name (probably fictitious, according to Hefele ) of an ecclesiastic to whom we owe a series ...
Ava Ava A German poetess, the first woman known to have written in German and probably identical with a ...
Avancini, Nicola Nicola Avancini Chiefly known as an ascetical writer, born in the Tyrol, 1612; died 6 December, 1686. He entered ...
Avarice Avarice Avarice (from Latin avarus , "greedy"; "to crave") is the inordinate love for riches. Its ...
Avatar Avatar An Anglicized form of the Sanskrit, avatara , "descent", from the root tr , "pass" (cf. ...
Avaugour, Pierre du Bois, Baron d' Pierre du Bois, Baron d'Avaugour The Baron d'Avaugour (d. 1664) was sixth Governor General of Canada. Born of an ancient family in ...
Ave Maria Hail Mary The Hail Mary (sometimes called the "Angelical salutation", sometimes, from the first words in its ...
Ave Maris Stella Ave Maris Stella (Hail, thou Star of Ocean.) The first verse of an unrhymed, accentual hymn, of seven stropes of ...
Ave Regina Ave Regina An antiphon so called from its first line, Ave regina caelorum (Hail, Queen of Heaven ). It ...
Avellino Avellino An Italian diocese in the Province of Naples, suffragan to Benevento. Avellino was founded by ...
Avellino, Saint Andrew St. Andrew Avellino Born 1521 at Castronuovo, a small town in Sicily ; died 10 November, 1608. His baptismal name ...
Avempace Avempace (Ibn Badsha, or Ibn Badja, called by the Scholastics Aven-Pace and Avempace). Arabian ...
Avendano, Fernando Fernando Avendano Priest born at Lima, Peru, either towards the end of sixteenth or in the beginning of the ...
Averbode Averbode A Premonstratensian abbey belonging to the circary of Brabant and situated near Diest in the ...
Averroes Averroes (Abul Walid Mahommed Ibn Achmed, Ibn Mahommed Ibn Roschd). Arabian philosopher, astronomer, ...
Aversa, Diocese of Aversa Comprising twenty-one towns in the Province of Caserta and twelve in the Province of Naples, it ...
Avesta, The The Avesta The sacred books of Parsees, or Zoroastrians, and the main source of our knowledge concerning ...
Avesta, Theological Aspects of the Theological Aspects of the Avesta I. GOD The name of the Supreme God of the Avestic system is Ahura Mazda (in the Achaemenid ...
Avicebron Avicebron Salamo Ben Jehuda Ben Gebirol (or Gabirol), whom the Scholastics, taking him for an Arabian, ...
Avicenna Avicenna (ABN ALI AL HOSAIN IBN ABDALLAH IBN SINA, called by the Latins AVICENNA). Arabian physician ...
Avignon Avignon Avignon, written in the form of Avennio in the ancient texts and inscriptions, takes its name ...
Avignon, Councils of Councils of Avignon Nothing is known of the council held here in 1060. In 1080 a council was held under the ...
Avignon, University of University of Avignon The University of Avignon (1303-1792), developed from the already existing schools of the city, ...
Avila Avila (ABULA) Diocese ; suffragan of Valladolid in Spain. Its episcopal succession dates at least ...
Avila, Francisco de Francisco de Avila Curate or vicar in the province of Huarochiri of Peru, later curate at Huánaco, ...
Avila, Sancho de Sancho de Avila Born at Avila of the Kings, in Old Castile, 1546, and named after the place of his birth; died at ...
Avitus, Saint St. Avitus (Alcimus Ecdicius). A distinguished bishop of Vienne, in Gaul, from 490 to about 518, ...
Aviz, Order of Order of Aviz A military body of Portuguese knights. The Kingdom of Portugal, founded in 1128, was not ...
Avranches, Council of Council of Avranches In 1172 (September 27-28) a Council was held at Avranches in France, apropos of the troubles ...
Avril, Philippe Philippe Avril Jesuit, born at Angoulême, France, 16 September, 1654; died in a shipwreck in 1698. He was ...
Axum Axum (A UXUME .) A titular metropolitan see of ancient Christian Ethiopia. Its episcopal ...
Ayacucho, Diocese of Ayacucho ( Or Guamanga). A Peruvian diocese, suffragan to Lima. The See of Guamanga was erected by ...
Ayeta, Fray Francisco de Fray Francisco de Ayeta A Spanish Franciscan of the seventeenth century, and (while time and place of his birth and ...
Ayllón, Lucas Vésquez de Lucas Vasquez de Ayllon Spanish discoverer of Chesapeake Bay, and the first of those daring navigators who tried to find a ...
Aylward, James Ambrose Dominic James Ambrose Dominic Aylward Theologian and poet, born at Leeds, 4 April, 1813; died at Hinckley (England), 5 October, 1872. ...
Aymará Aymara Also Aymara (etymology unknown as yet). A numerous tribe of sedentary Indians inhabiting the ...
Aymeric of Piacenza Aymeric of Piacenza A learned Dominican, b. at Piacenza, Italy ; d. at Bologna, 19 August, 1327. Soon after his ...
Azara, Féliz de Feliz de Azara Spanish naturalist, b. at Barbunales in Aragon, 18 May, 1746; d. 1811. He first embraced the ...
Azaria, Aristaces Aristaces Azaria A Catholic Armenian abbot and archbishop, b. at Constantinople, 18 July, 1782; d. at Vienna, 6 ...
Azarias, Brother Brother Azarias (Patrick Francis Mullany). Educator, essayist, littérateur, and philosopher, b. near ...
Azevedo, Luiz de Luiz de Azevedo An Ethiopic missionary and scholar, born, according to probable narration of Franco (Imogem da ...
Azor, Juan Juan Azor Born at Lorca, province of Murcia, Southern Spain, in 1535; entered the Society of Jesus, 18 ...
Azores Azores (Portuguese Acores , "Falcons") An archipelago situated in that tract of the Atlantic Ocean ...
Azotus Azotus ( Hebrew Ashdodh ; in Septuagint Azotos ) (1) One of the five great cities of the ...
Aztecs Aztecs Probably from Aztatl (heron), and Tlacatl (man),"people of the heron", in the Nahuatl, or ...
Azymes Azymes (Greek azymos , without leaven; Hebrew maççoth ). Unfermented cakes used by ...
Azymites Azymites (A privative, and zyme , leaven). A term of reproach used by the schismatic Greeks since ...

Advent Reflection - Day 9 - The Second Monday of Advent

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