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Orders of St. George
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Knights of St. George appear at different historical periods and in different countries as mutually independent bodies having nothing in common but the veneration of St. George , the patron of knighthood. St. George of Lydda, a martyr of the persecution of Diocletian in the fourth century, is one of those military saints whom Byzantine iconography represented as a horseman armed cap-à-pie, like the flower of the Roman armies after the military reform of Justinian in the sixth century. The pilgrim knights of Europe, encountering in the East these representations of St. George , recognized their own accoutrements and at once adopted him as the patron of their noble calling. This popularity of St. George in the West gave rise to numerous associations both secular and religious. Among secular orders of this name which still exist must be mentioned the English Order of the Garter, which has always had St. George for its patron. Though Protestantism suppressed his cult, the chapel of St. George at Windsor has remained the official seat of the order, where its chapters assemble and where each knight is entitled to a stall over which his banner is hung. A second royal order under the double patronage of St. Michael and St. George was founded in England in 1818 to reward services rendered in foreign or colonial relations. In Bavaria a secular Order of St. George has existed since 1729, and owes its foundation to the prince elector, better known by the title of Charles VII which he bore as emperor for a brief period. The present Russian Order of St. George dates from 1769, having been founded in the reign of Catherine II, as a military distinction.
There formerly existed regular orders of St. George. The Kingdom of Aragon was placed under his patronage, and in gratitude for his assistance to its armies King Pedro II founded (1201) the Order of St. George of Alfama in the district of that name. Nevertheless this order received the approbation of the Holy See only in 1363 and had but a brief existence. With the approval of antipope Benedict XIII it was amalgamated with the Aragonese Order of Montesa, and thereafter known as the Order of Montesa and St. George of Alfama. Equally short-lived was the Order of St. George founded in Austria by the Emperor Frederick III and approved by Paul II in 1464. This needy prince was unable to assure a sufficient endowment for the support of his knights, and the pope gave him permission to transfer to the new order the property of a commandery of St. John and a Benedictine abbey in the town of Milestadt, to which the emperor added some parishes in his patronage. Nevertheless the knights had to rely for support on their personal possession, therefore they did not make a vow of poverty, but simply of obedience and chastity, and, owing to this lack of resources, the order did not survive its founder. It was succeeded by a secular Confraternity of St. George founded under the Emperor Maximilian I with the approbation of Alexander VI in 1494, which likewise disappeared, in the disturbances of the sixteenth century.
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O 4
O 4
O Antiphons
(Roman Breviary: Antiphonæ majores, "greater antiphons"). The seven antiphons to the ...O Deus Ego Amo Te
The first line of two Latin lyrics sometimes attributed to St. Francis Xavier, but of uncertain ...O Filii et Filiæ
The first line of a hymn celebrating the mystery of Easter. As commonly found in hymnals ...O Salutaris Hostia
(O Saving Host). The first line of the penultimate stanza of the hymn, "Verbum supernum ...O' 43
O' 43
O'Braein, Tighernach
Irish annalist and Abbot of Roscommon and Clonmacnoise, died 1088. Little is known of his ...O'Brien, Terence Albert
Born at Limerick, 1600; died there, 31 October, 1651. He joined the Dominicans, receiving the ...O'Bruadair, David
An Irish poet, b. about 1625, most probably in the barony of Barrymore, Co. Cork, but according ...O'Callaghan, Edmund Bailey
Physician, publicist, and historian, b. at Mallow, Cork, 29 February, 1797; d. at New York, 29 ...O'Carolan, Torlogh
( Irish, Toirdhealbhach O Cearbhalláin ). Usually spoken of as the "last of the ...O'Connell, Daniel
Daniel O'Connell was born at Carhen, near Cahirciveen, Co. Kerry, Ireland, 1775; died at Genoa, ...O'Conor, Charles
Charles O'Conor was born in the city of New York, 22 January, 1804; died at Nantucket, ...O'Conor, Charles
Often called "the Venerable", b. at Belanagare, Co. Roscommon, 1710; d. 1791, was descended from ...O'Cullenan, Gelasius
(Or GLAISNE O'CULLENAN). Cistercian, Abbot of Boyle, Ireland, b. probably near Assaroe Abbey, ...O'Curry, Eugene
(EOGHAN O COMHRAIDHE) An Irish scholar, born at Dunaha near Carrigaholt, Co. Clare, 1796; ...O'Daly, Daniel
A diplomatist and historian, born in Kerry, Ireland, 1595; died at Lisbon, 30 June, 1662. On his ...O'Daly, Donogh Mór
(In Irish Donnchadh Mór O Dálaigh ) A celebrated Irish poet, d. 1244. About ...O'Devany, Cornelius
(Conchobhar O'Duibheannaigh) Bishop of Down and Connor, Ireland, b. about 1532; d. at ...O'Donnell, Edmund
The first Jesuit executed by the English government; b. at Limerick in 1542, executed at ...O'Donovan, John
Irish historian and antiquarian, b. at Atateemore, County Kilkenny, Ireland, 1806; d. at ...O'Dugan, John
(Seághan "mor" O Dubhagáin) Died in Roscommon, 1372. His family were for ...O'Dwyer, Joseph
Physician, inventor of intubation; b. at Cleveland, 1841; d. in New York, January 7, 1898. He was ...O'Fihely, Maurice
Archbishop of Tuam, born about 1460; died at Galway, 1513. He was, according to Dr. Lynch, a ...O'Growney, Eugene
Priest, patriot, and scholar, b. 25 August, 1863, at Ballyfallon, County Meath ; d. at Los ...O'Hagan, John
Lawyer and man of letters, b. at Newry, County Down, Ireland, 19 March, 1822; d. near Dublin, ...O'Hagan, Thomas
First Baron of Tullyhogue, b. at Belfast, 29 May, 1812; d. 1 February, 1885. Called to the Irish ...O'Hanlon, John
Born at Stradbally, Queen's County, Ireland, 1821; died at Sandymount, Dublin, 1905. He entered ...O'Hara, Theodore
Born in Danville, Kentucky, U.S.A. 11 February, 1822; died in Guerryton, Alabama, 6 June, 1867. ...O'Hely, Patrick
Bishop of Mayo, Ireland ; d. At Kilmallock, September, 1579. He was a native of Connaught, and ...O'Herlahy, Thomas
(O' H I ARLAITHE ). Bishop of Ross, Ireland, d. 1579. Consecrated about 1560, he was one ...O'Higgins, Ambrose and Bernard
Ambrose Bernard O'Higgins Born in County Meath, Ireland, in 1720; died at Lima, 18 March, 1810. ...O'Hurley, Dermond
Archbishop of Cashel, Ireland ; died 19-29 June, 1584. His father, William O'Hurley of ...O'Hussey, Maelbrighte
(Irish, Maol Brighde ua Heodhusa ; Latin, Brigidus Hossæus ). Known also as ...O'Leary, Arthur
Franciscan, preacher, polemical writer, b. at Faniobbus, Iveleary, Co. Cork, Ireland, 1729; d. ...O'Loghlen, Michael
Born at Ennis, Co. Clare, Ireland, in 1789; died 1846. Educated at Ennis Academy, and Trinity ...O'Meara, Kathleen
Novelist and biographer, b. in Dublin, 1839; d. in Paris, 10 Nov., 1888; daughter of Dennis ...O'Neill, Hugh
Earl of Tyrone, b. 1550, d. Rome, 1616; he was the youngest son of Mathew, of questionable ...O'Neill, Owen Roe
Born 1582; died near Cavan, 6 Nov., 1649, the son of Art O'Neill and nephew of Hugh, the great ...O'Queely, Malachias
(Maolsheachlainn O Cadhla). Archbishop of Tuam, Ireland, b. in Thomond, date unknown; d. at ...O'Reilly, Bernard
Historian, b. 20 Sept., 1820, in County Mayo, Ireland ; d. in New York, U.S.A. 26 April, ...O'Reilly, Edmund
Archbishop of Armagh, b. at Dublin, 1616; d. at Saumur, France, 1669, was educated in Dublin ...O'Reilly, Edmund
Theologian, b. in London, 30 April, 1811; d. at Dublin, 10 November, 1878. Educated at ...O'Reilly, Hugh
Archbishop of Armagh, head of the Confederates of Kilkenny, b. 1580; d. on Trinity Island in ...O'Reilly, John Boyle
Poet, novelist, and editor, b. at Douth Castle, Drogheda, Ireland, 24 June, 1844; d. at Hull, ...O'Reilly, Myles William Patrick
Soldier, publicist, littérateur , b. near Balbriggan, Co. Dublin, Ireland, 13 March, ...O'Rorke, Patrick Henry
Soldier, b. in County Cavan, Ireland, 25 March, 1837; killed at the battle of Gettysburg, Penn., ...O'Sullivan Beare, Philip
Born in Ireland, c. 1590; died in Spain, 1660, son of Dermot O'Sullivan and nephew of Donal ...O'Toole, Saint Lawrence
(L ORCAN UA T UATHAIL ; also spelled Laurence O'Toole) Confessor, born about 1128, in the ...Oa 5
Oa 5
Oakeley, Frederick
Born 5 September, 1802, at Shrewsbury ; died 30 Jan., 1880, at Islington, the youngest son of ...Oates's Plot
A term conventionally used to designate a "Popish Plot" which, during the reign of Charles II of ...Oaths
I. NOTION AND DIVISIONS An oath is an invocation to God to witness the truth of a statement. ...Oaths, English Post-Reformation
The English Reformation having been imposed by the Crown, it was natural that submission to the ...Oaxaca
(Or ANTEQUERA). Situated in the southern part of the Republic of Mexico, bounded on the north ...Ob 13
Ob 13
Obazine, Monastery of
Located in the Diocese of Tulle ; founded by St. Stephen of Obazine about 1134. After his ...Obba
Titular see in Byzacena, northern Africa of unknown history, although mentioned by Polybius ...Obedience
Obedience (Lat. obêdire, "to hearken to", hence "to obey") is the complying with a command ...Obedience, Religious
Religious obedience is that general submission which religious vow to God, and voluntarily ...Obedientiaries
A name commonly used in medieval times for the lesser officials of a monastery who were ...Oblate Sisters of Providence
A congregation of negro nuns founded at Baltimore, Maryland, by the Rev. Jacques Hector ...Oblates of Mary Immaculate
I. NAME AND ORIGIN The first members of this society, founded in 1816, were known as ...Oblates of St. Francis de Sales
A congregation of priests founded originally by Saint Francis de Sales at the request of Saint ...Oblati, Oblatæ, Oblates
Oblati (Oblatæ, Oblates) is a word used to describe any persons, not professed monks or ...Obligation
A term derived from the Roman civil law , defined in the "Institutes" of Justinian as a "legal ...Obregonians
(Or Poor Infirmarians) A small congregation of men, who professed the Rule of the Third Order ...Obreption
( Latin ob and repere , "to creep over"). A canonical term applied to a species of fraud ...Observatory, Vatican
The Vatican Observatory now bears the official title, "Specola Astronomica Vaticana". To ...Oc 10
Oc 10
Occam, William of
Fourteenth-century Scholastic philosopher and controversial writer, born at or near the village ...Occasionalism
Occasionalism (Latin occasio ) is the metaphysical theory which maintains that finite things ...Occasions of Sin
Occasions of Sin are external circumstances--whether of things or persons --which either ...Occleve, Thomas
(Or Hoccleve) Little is known of his life beyond what is mentioned in his poems. He was b. ...Occult Art, Occultism
Under this general term are included various practices to which special articles of the ...Occurrence
(IN LITURGY) I. DEFINITION Occurrence is the coinciding or occurring of two liturgical offices ...Oceania, Vicariate Apostolic of Central
The whole of Oceania had at first been entrusted by the Propaganda to the Society of the Sacred ...Ockham, William of
Fourteenth-century Scholastic philosopher and controversial writer, born at or near the village ...Octavarium Romanum
The Octavarium Romanum is a liturgical book which may be considered as an appendix to the Roman ...Octave
I. ORIGIN It is the number seven, not eight, that plays the principal rôle in Jewish ...Od 12
Od 12
Odense, Ancient See of Odense
(OTHINIA, OTHONIENSIS.) The diocese included the islands of Fünen, Langeland, Taasinge, ...Odescalchi, Carlo
Cardinal, prince, archbishop, and Jesuit, b. at Rome, 5 March, 1786; d. at Modena, 17 August, ...Odilia, Saint
Patroness of Alsace, born at the end of the seventh century; died about 720. According to a ...Odilo, Saint
Fifth Abbot of Cluny (q.v.), v.c. 962; d. 31 December, 1048. He was descended from the nobility ...Odin, John Mary
Lazarist missionary, first Bishop of Galveston and second Archbishop of New Orleans, b. 25 ...Odington, Walter
An English Benedictine, also known as WALTER OF EVESHAM, by some writers confounded with WALTER ...Odo of Cambrai, Blessed
Bishop and confessor, also called ODOARDUS; born at Orléans, 1050; died at Anchin, 19 ...Odo of Canterbury
Abbot of Battle, d. 1200, known as Odo Cantianus or of Kent. A monk of Christ Church, he ...Odo of Cheriton
Preacher and fabulist, d. 1247. He visited Paris, and it was probably there that he gained the ...Odo of Glanfeuil
(Saint-Maur-sur-Loire) Abbot, ninth-century hagiographer. He entered Glanfeuil not later than ...Odo, Saint
Second Abbot of Cluny, born 878 or 879, probably near Le Mans ; died 18 November, 942. He ...Odo, Saint
(Oda) Archbishop of Canterbury, d. 2 June, 959 (not in 958; recent researches showing that he ...Oe 2
Oe 2
Oertel, John James Maximilian
Journalist, born at Ansbach, Bavaria, 27 April, 1811; died at Jamaica, New York, 21 August, 1882. ...Oettingen
(ALTÖTTING, OETINGA) Oettingen, during the Carlovingian period a royal palace near the ...Of 5
Of 5
Offa
Offa, King of Mercia, died 29 July, 796. He was one of the leading figures of Saxon history, as ...Offerings
(OBLATIONS) I. THE WORD OBLATION The word oblation , from the supine of the Latin verb ...Offertory
(Offertorium.) The rite by which the bread and wine are presented (offered) to God before ...Office of the Dead
I. COMPOSITION OF THE OFFICE This office, as it now exists in the Roman Liturgy, is composed of ...Office, Divine
("Liturgy of the Hours" I. THE EXPRESSION "DIVINE OFFICE" This expression signifies ...Og 4
Og 4
Ogdensburg, Diocese of
(Ogdensburgdensis). Comprises the northern towns of Herkimer and Hamilton counties, with the ...Oggione, Marco D'
Milanese painter, b. at Oggionno near Milan about 1470; d. probably in Milan, 1549. This ...Ogilvie, John, Venerable
Eldest son of Walter Ogilvie, of Drum, near Keith, Scotland, b. 1580; d. 10 March, 1615. Educated ...Ogliastra
DIOCESE OF OGLIASTRA (OLEASTRENSIS) Diocese in the Province of Cagliari, Sardinia. It was ...Oh 2
Oh 2
Ohio
The seventeenth state of the American Union, admitted on 19 Feb., 1803. It is bounded on the north ...Ohler, Aloys Karl
Educationist, born at Mainz, 2 January, 1817; died there, 24 August, 1889. He attended the ...Oi 3
Oi 3
Oil of Saints
(Manna Oil of Saints). An oily substance, which is said to have flowed, or still flows, from ...Oils, Holy
(OLEA SACRA). Liturgical Benediction Oil is a product of great utility the symbolic ...Ointment in Scripture
That the use of oily, fragrant materials to anoint the body is a custom going back to remote ...Oj 1
Oj 1
Ojeda, Alonso de
Explorer; b. at Cuenca, Spain, about 1466; d. on the island of Santo Domingo , about 1508. He ...Ok 2
Ok 2
Okeghem, Jean d'
Also called Okekem, Okenghem, Okegnan, Ockenheim. Contrapuntist, founder and head of the second ...Oklahoma
I. GEOGRAPHY Oklahoma, the forty-sixth state to be admitted to the Union, is bounded on the north ...Ol 28
Ol 28
Oláh, Nicolaus
(OLAHUS) Archbishop of Gran and Primate of Hungary, a distinguished prelate, born 10 ...Olaf Haraldson, Saint
Martyr and King of Norway (1015-30), b. 995; d. 29 July, 1030. He was a son of King Harald ...Olba
A titular see in Isauria, suffragan of Seleucia. It was a city of Cetis in Cilicia Aspera, ...Old Catholics
The sect organised in German-speaking countries to combat the dogma of Papal Infallibility. ...Old Chapter, The
The origin of the body, fomerly known as the Old Chapter, dates from 1623, when after a period of ...Old Hall (St. Edmund's College)
Located near Ware, Hertfordshire, England ; founded in 1793 after the fall of the English ...Old Testament
I. NAME The word "testament", Hebrew berîth , Greek diatheke , primarily signifies the ...Old Testament, Canon of the
Overview The word canon as applied to the Scriptures has long had a special and consecrated ...Oldcorne, Ven. Edward
Martyr, b. 1561; d. 1606. His father was a Protestant, and his mother a Catholic. He was ...Oldenburg
A grand duchy, one of the twenty-six federated states of the German Empire. It consists of three ...Oldham, Hugh
Bishop of Exeter, b. in Lancashire, either at Crumpsell or Oldham; d. 25 June, 1519. Having ...Oldoini, Augustino
Historian and bibliographer, b. 6 Jan., 1612; d. at Perugia, 23 March, 1683. He came from La ...Olenus
A titular see and suffragan of Patras, in Achaia Quarta, one of the twelve primitive cities of ...Olesnicki, Zbigniew
(Sbigneus) A Polish cardinal and statesman, b. in Poland, 1389; d. at Sandomir, 1 April, ...Olier, Jean-Jacques
Founder of the seminary and Society of St-Sulpice, b. at Paris, 20 Sept., 1608; d. there, 2 ...Olinda
Diocese in the north-east of Brazil, suffragan of San Salvador de Bahia. Erected into a vicariate ...Oliva
A suppressed Cistercian abbey near Danzig in Pomerania, founded with the assistance of the ...Oliva, Gian Paolo
Born at Genoa, 4 October, 1600; died at Rome, at Sant' Andrea Quirinale, 26 November, 1681. In ...Olivaint, Pierre
Pierre Olivaint was born in Paris, 22 Feb., 1816. His father, a man of repute but an unbeliever, ...Oliver, George
Born at Newington in Surrey in 1781; died at Exeter in 1861. After studying for some years at ...Olivet, Mount
(Latin, Mons Olivertus .) Occurring also in the English Bibles as the Mount of Olives ( ...Olivetans
A branch of the white monks of the Benedictine Order, founded in 1319. It owed its origin to ...Olivi, Pierre Jean
(PETRUS JOHANNIS) A Spiritual Franciscan and theological author, born at Sérignan, ...Olivier de la Marche
Chronicler and poet, b. 1426, at the Chateau de la Marche, in Franche-Comté; d. at ...Ollé-Laprune, Léon
French Catholic philosopher, b. in 1839; d. at Paris, 19 Feb., 1898. Under the influence of the ...Olmütz
(OLOMUCENSIS) Archdiocese in Moravia. It is probable that Christianity penetrated into ...Olympias, Saint
Born 360-5; died 25 July, 408, probably at Nicomedia. This pious, charitable, and wealthy ...Olympus
A titular see of Lycia in Asia Minor. It was one of the chief cities of the "Corpus Lyciacum", ...Om 5
Om 5
Omaha
(OMAHENSIS) The Diocese embraces all that part of the State of Nebraska north of the southern ...Ombus
Titular see and suffragan of Ptolemais in Thebais Secunda. The city is located by Ptolemy (IV, ...Omer, Saint
Born of a distinguished family towards the close of the sixth or the beginning of the seventh ...Omission
(Latin omittere , to lay aside, to pass away). "Omission" is here taken to be the failure to ...Omnipotence
(Latin omnipotentia , from omnia and potens , able to do all things). Omnipotence is ...On 4
On 4
Onias
( ’Onías ). Name of several Jewish pontiffs of the third and second centuries ...Ontario
Ontario, the most populous and wealthy province of Canada, has an area of 140,000,000 acres, ...Ontologism
(from on, ontos , being, and logos , science) Ontologism is an ideological system which ...Ontology
( on, ontos , being, and logos , science, the science or philosophy of being). I. ...Oo 1
Oo 1
Oostacker, Shrine of
A miraculous shrine of the Blessed Virgin, and place of pilgrimage from Belgium, Holland, and ...Op 8
Op 8
Opening Prayer (in the Mass)
The name now used only for short prayers before the Epistle in the Mass, which occur again at ...Ophir
Ophir, in the Bible , designates a people and a country. The people, for whom a Semitic ...Oporto
(Portucalensis) Diocese in Portugal ; comprising 26 civil concelhos of the districts of ...Oppenordt, Gilles-Marie
(Oppenord) Born in Paris, 1672; died there, 1742; a celebrated rococo artist, known as "the ...Oppido Mamertina
Diocese ; suffragan of Reggio Calabria, Italy, famous for its prolonged resistance to Roger ...Optatus, Saint
Bishop of Milevis, in Numidia, in the fourth century. He was a convert, as we gather from St. ...Optimism
Optimism (Latin optimus , best) may be understood as a metaphysical theory, or as an emotional ...Option, Right of
In canon law an option is a way of obtaining a benefice or a title, by the choice of the new ...Or 60
Or 60
Oracle
( oraculum; orare , to speak). A Divine communication given at a special place through ...Oran
(ORANENSIS). Diocese in Algiers, separated from the Archdiocese of Algiers, 26 July, 1866, to ...Orange Free State
The Orange Free State, one of the four provinces of the Union of South Africa, lies between ...Orange River
(also the PREFECTURE APOSTOLIC OF GREAT NAMAQUALAND) Located in South Africa. The vicariate was ...Orange, Councils of
Two councils were held at Orange (Arausio), a town in the present department of Vaucluse in ...Orans
(Orante) Among the subjects depicted in the art of the Roman catacombs one of those most ...Orate Fratres
The exhortation (" Pray brethren that my sacrifice and yours be acceptable to God the Father ...Oratorio
As at present understood, an Oratorio is a musical composition for solo voices, chorus, orchestra, ...Oratory
(Latin oratorium , from orare , to pray ) As a general term, Oratory signifies a place ...Oratory of Saint Philip Neri, The
Under this head are included the Italian, Spanish, English, and other communities, which follow ...Oratory, French Congregation of the
Founded in Paris at the beginning of the seventeenth century by Cardinal Pierre de ...Orbellis, Nicolas d'
Franciscan theologian and philosopher, Scotist ; born about 1400; died at Rome, 1475. He seems ...Orcagna
(The conventional name in art history of A NDREA DI C IONE , also called A RCAGNUOLO or A ...Orcistus
Titular see in Galatia Secunda. It is only mentioned in Peutinger's "Table". An inscription of ...Ordeals
( Iudicium Dei ; Anglo-Saxon, ordâl ; German Urteil ). Ordeals were a means of ...Ordericus Vitalis
Historian, b. 1075; d. about 1143. He was the son of an English mother and a French priest who ...Orders, Holy
Order is the appropriate disposition of things equal and unequal, by giving each its proper place ...Orders, The Military
Including under this term every kind of brotherhood of knights, secular as well as religious, ...Ordinariate
(From Ordinary ). This term is used in speaking collectively of all the various organs ...Ordinary
( Latin ordinarius , i. e., judex ) An Ordinary in ecclesiastical language, denotes any ...Ordines Romani
The word Ordo commonly meant, in the Middle Ages, a ritual book containing directions for ...Oregon
One of the Pacific Coast States, seventh in size among the states of the Union (1910). It received ...Oregon City
(OREGONOPOLITAN). Includes that part of the state of Oregon west of the Cascade Mountains, ...Oremus
Invitation to pray, said before collects and other short prayers and occurring continually in ...Orense
(AURIENSIS) A suffragan of Compostela, includes nearly all of the civil Province of Orense, ...Oresme, Nicole
Philosopher, economist, mathematician, and physicist, one of the principal founders of modern ...Organ
(Greek organon , "an instrument") A musical instrument which consists of one or several sets ...Organic Articles, The
A name given to a law regulating public worship, comprising 77 articles relative to Catholicism, ...Oria
(URITANA) Oria, in the Province of Lecce [now the Province of Brindisi -- Ed. ], Apulia, ...Oriani, Barnaba
Italian Barnabite and astronomer, b. at Carignano, near Milan, 17 July, 1752; d. at Milan, 12 ...Oriental Study and Research
In the broadest sense of the term, Oriental study comprises the scientific investigation and ...Orientation of Churches
According to Tertullian the Christians of his time were, by some who concerned themselves with ...Orientius
Christian Latin poet of the fifth century. He wrote an elegiac poem ( Commonitorium ) of 1036 ...Oriflamme
In verses 3093-5 of the "Chanson de Roland" (eleventh century) the oriflamme is mentioned as a ...Origen and Origenism
I. LIFE AND WORK OF ORIGEN A. BIOGRAPHY Origen, most modest of writers, hardly ever alludes to ...Original Sin
I. Meaning II. Principal Adversaries III. Original Sin in ScriptureIV. Original Sin in ...Orihuela
DIOCESE OF ORIHUELA (ORIOLENSIS, ORIOLANA). The Diocese of Orihuela comprises all the civil ...Oriol, Saint Joseph
Priest, "Thaumaturgus of Barcelona", b. at Barcelona, 23 November, 1650; d. there, 23 March, ...Oristano
Diocese of Oristano (Arborensis) in Sardinia. Oristano was the capital of the giudicatura ...Orkneys
A group of islands situated between 58° 41' and 59° 24' N. lat. and 2° 22' and 3° ...Orléans
(AURELIANUM) This Diocese comprises the Department of Loiret, suffragan of Paris since 1622, ...Orléans, Councils of
Six national councils were held at Orléans in the Merovingian period. I. — At the ...Orlandini, Niccolò
Born at Florence, 1554; died 1606 at Rome, 17 May. He entered the Jesuit novitiate 7 Nov., ...Orley, Barent Van
(Bernard) Painter, b. at Brussels, about 1491; d. there 6 January, 1542. He studied under ...Orme, Philibert de l'
An architect, born about 1512; died 1570. His style, classical and of the more severe Italian ...Oropus
Titular see, suffragan of Anazarbus in Cilicia Secunda. It never really depended on Anazarbus ...Orosius, Paulus
Historian and Christian apologist ; b. probably at Bracara, now Braga, in Portugal, between 380 ...Orphans and Orphanages
The death of one or both parents makes the child of the very poor a ward of the community. The ...Orsi, Giuseppe Agostino
A cardinal, theologian, and ecclesiastical historian, born at Florence, 9 May, 1692, of an ...Orsini
One of the most ancient and distinguished families of the Roman nobility, whose members often ...Orsisius
( Arsisios , Oresiesis-Heru-sa Ast) Egyptian monk of the fourth century; was a disciple ...Ortelius, Abraham
(OERTEL) A cartographer, geographer, and archeologist, born in Antwerp, 4 April, 1527; died ...Orthodox Church
The technical name for the body of Christians who use the Byzantine Rite in various languages ...Orthodoxy
Orthodoxy ( orthodoxeia ) signifies right belief or purity of faith. Right belief is not ...Orthodoxy, Feast of
(or SUNDAY) The first Sunday of the Great Forty days ( Lent ) in the Byzantine Calendar ...Orthosias
A titular see of Phœnicia Prima, suffragan of Tyre. The city is mentioned for the first ...Ortolano Ferrarese
Painter of the Ferrara School, b. in Ferrara, about 1490; d. about 1525. His real name was ...Orval
(Aurea Vallis, Gueldenthal). Formerly a Cistercian abbey in Belgian Luxemburg, Diocese of ...Orvieto
DIOCESE OF ORVIETO (URBEVETANA) Diocese in Central Italy. The city stands on a rugged mass of ...Ory, Matthieu
Inquisitor and theologian, b. at La Caune, 1492; d. at Paris, 1557. Entering the Dominican ...Os 22
Os 22
Osaka
(Osachensis). Osaka ( Oye , great river; saka , cliff), one of the three municipal ...Osbald
King of Northumbria, d. 799. Symeon of Durham (Historia Regum) tells us that when Ecfwald, a ...Osbaldeston, Edward, Venerable
English martyr, b. about 1560; hanged, drawn, and quartered at York, 16 November, 1594. Son of ...Osbern
Hagiographer, sometimes confused with Osbert de Clare alias Osbern de Westminster, b. at ...Oscott (St. Mary's College)
In 1793, a number of the Catholic nobility and gentry of England formed a committee for the ...Osee
NAME AND COUNTRY Osee (Hôsheá‘– Salvation ), son of Beeri, was one of ...Osimo
DIOCESE OF OSIMO (AUXIMANA). Diocese in the Province of Ascoli Piceno, Italy. Osimo was ...Oslo, Ancient See of
(ASLOIA, ASLOENSIS.) Oslo occupied part of the site of Christiania (founded 1624). After the ...Osma
(OXOMENSIS) The Diocese borders Burgos and Logroño on the north, Soria and Saragossa ...Osmund, Saint
Bishop of Salisbury, died 1099; his feast is kept on 4 December. Osmund held an exalted ...Osnabrück
(OSNABRUGENSIS) This diocese, directly subject to the Holy See, comprises, in the Prussian ...Ossat, Arnaud d'
French cardinal, diplomat, and writer, b. at Larroque-Magnoac (Gascony), 20 July, 1537; d. at ...Ossory, Diocese of
(Ossoriensis.) In the Province of Leinster, Ireland, is bounded on the south by the Suir, on ...Ostensorium
(From ostendere , "to show"). Ostensorium means, in accordance with its etymology, a ...Ostia and Velletri
SUBURBICARIAN DIOCESE OF OSTIA AND VELLETRI (OSTIENSIS ET VELITERNENSIS). Near Rome, central ...Ostiensis
Surname of LEO MARSICANUS, Benedictine chronicler, b. about 1045; d. 22 May, 1115, 1116, or ...Ostracine
Titular see and suffragan of Pelusium in Augustamnica prima. Pliny (Hist. naturalis, V, xiv) ...Ostraka, Christian
Inscriptions on clay, wood, metal, and other hard materials. Like papyri, they are valuable ...Ostrogoths
One of the two chief tribes of the Goths, a Germanic people. Their traditions relate that the ...Oswald, Saint
Archbishop of York, d. on 29 February, 992. Of Danish parentage, Oswald was brought up by his ...Oswald, Saint
King and martyr ; b., probably, 605; d. 5 Aug., 642; the second of seven brothers, sons of ...Oswin, Saint
King and martyr, murdered at Gilling, near Richmond, Yorkshire, England, on 20 August, 651, ...Ot 16
Ot 16
Otfried of Weissenburg
He is the oldest German poet known by name, author of the "Evangelienbuch", a rhymed version of ...Othlo
(OTLOH) A Benedictine monk of St. Emmeran's, Ratisbon, born 1013 in the Diocese of ...Othmar, Saint
(Audomar.) Died 16 Nov., 759, on the island of Werd in the Rhine, near Echnez, Switzerland. ...Otho, Marcus Salvius
Roman emperor, successor, after Galba, of Nero, b. in Rome, of an ancient Etruscan family ...Otranto
ARCHDIOCESE OF OTRANTO (HYDRUNTINA). Otranto is a city of the Province of Lecce, Apulia, ...Ottawa, Archdiocese of
Archdiocese of Ottawa (Ottawiensis). The Archdiocese of Ottawa, in Canada, originally ...Ottawa, University of
Conducted by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate ; founded in 1848. It was incorporated in 1849 under ...Otto I, the Great
Roman emperor and German king, b. in 912; d. at Memleben, 7 May, 973; son of Henry I and his ...Otto II
King of the Germans and Emperor of Rome, son of Otto I and Adelaide, b. 955; d. in Rome, 7 ...Otto III
German king and Roman emperor, b. 980; d. at Paterno, 24 Jan., 1002. At the age of three he was ...Otto IV
German king and Roman emperor, b. at Argentau (Dept. of Orne), c. 1182; d. 19 May, 1218; son of ...Otto of Freising
Bishop and historian, b. between 1111 and 1114, d. at Morimond, Champagne, France, 22 ...Otto of Passau
All we know of him is in the preface of his work, in which he calls himself a member of the ...Otto of St. Blasien
Chronicler, b. about the middle of the twelfth century; d. 23 July, 1223, at St. Blasien in the ...Otto, Saint
Bishop of Bamberg, b. about 1060; d. 30 June, 1139. He belonged to the noble, though not ...Ottobeuren
(OTTOBURA, MONASTERIUM OTTOBURANUM) Formerly a Benedictine abbey, now a priory, near ...Ou 9
Ou 9
Ouen, Saint
(OWEN; DADON, Latin Audaenus ). Archbishop of Rouen, b. at Sancy, near Soissons about ...Our Father, The
Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ...Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd
The aim of this institute is to provide a shelter for girls and women of dissolute habits, who ...Our Lady of Good Counsel, Feast of
Records dating from the reign of Paul II (1464-71) relate that the picture of Our Lady, at ...Our Lady of Perpetual Help
( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...Our Lady of Perpetual Succour
( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...Our Lady of the Fields, Brothers of
A Canadian congregation founded in 1902 at St-Damien de Buckland in the Diocese of Quebec by ...Our Lady of the Snow
("Dedicatio Sanctæ Mariæ ad Nives"). A feast celebrated on 5 August to ...Our Lady, Help of Christians, Feast of
The invocation Auxilium Christianorum (Help of Christians ) originated in the sixteenth ...Ov 4
Ov 4
Overbeck, Friedrich
Convert and painter of religious subjects, b. at Lübeck, 3 July, 1789; d. at Rome, 12 ...Overberg, Bernhard Heinrich
A German ecclesiastic and educator, born 1 May, 1754; died 9 November, 1826. Of poor parents in ...Overpopulation, Theories of
Down to the end of the eighteenth century, very little attention was given to the relation between ...Oviedo
(OVETENSIS) This diocese comprises the civil province of the same name (the ancient Kingdom ...Ow 2
Ow 2
Owen, Saint
(OWEN; DADON, Latin Audaenus ). Archbishop of Rouen, b. at Sancy, near Soissons about ...Owen, Saint Nicholas
A Jesuit lay-brother, martyred in 1606. There is no record of his parentage, birthplace, date ...Ox 6
Ox 6
Oxenford, John
Dramatist, critic, translator, and song-writer, b. in London, 12 Aug., 1812; d. there 21 Feb., ...Oxenham, Henry Nutcombe
An English controversialist and poet, born at Harrow, 15 Nov., 1829; died at Kensington, 23 ...Oxford
Oxford, one of the most ancient cities in England, grew up under the shadow of a convent, said to ...Oxford Movement, The
The Oxford Movement may be looked upon in two distinct lights. "The conception which lay at its ...Oxford, University of
I. ORIGIN AND HISTORY The most extraordinary myths have at various times prevailed as to the ...Oxyrynchus
Titular archdiocese of Heptanomos in Egypt. It was the capital of the district of its name, the ...Oz 3
Oz 3
Ozanam, Antoine-Frédéric
Great grand-nephew of Jacques Ozanam . Born at Milan, 23 April, 1813; died at Marseilles, 8 ...Ozanam, Jacques
A French mathematician, born at Bouligneux (Ain), 1640; died in Paris, 3 April, 1717. He came of a ...Latest
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Reading 1, Micah 7:14-15, 18-20
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