
Odoric of Pordenone
FREE Catholic Classes
A Franciscan missionary of a Czech family named Mattiussi, born at Villanova near Pordenone, Friuli, Italy, about 1286; died at Udine, 14 Jan., 1331. About 1300 he entered the Franciscan Order at Udine. Towards the middle of the thirteenth century the Franciscans were commissioned by the Holy See to undertake missionary work in the interior of Asia. Among the missionaries sent there were John Piano Carpini, William Rubruquis , and John of Montecorvino . Odoric was called to follow them, and in April, 1318, started from Padua, crossed the Black Sea to Trebizond, went through Persia by way of the Tauris, Sultaniah, where in 1318 John XXII had erected an archbishopric, Kasham, Yezd, and Persepolis; he also visited Farsistan, Khuzistan, and Chaldea, and then went back to the Persian Gull. From Hormuz he went to Tana on the Island of Salsette, north of Bombay. Here he gathered the remains of Thomas of Tolentino, Jacopo of Padua, Pietro of Siena, and Demetrius of Tiflis, Franciscans who, a short time before, had suffered martyrdom, and took them with him so as to bury them in China. From Salsette he went to Malabar, Fondaraina (Flandrina) that lies north of Calicut, then to Cranganore that is south of Calicut, along the Coromandel Coast, then to Meliapur (Madras) and Ceylon. He then passed the Nicobar Islands on his way to Lamori, a kingdom of Sumoltra (Sumatra); he also visited Java, Banjarmasin on the southern coast of Borneo, and Tsiompa (Champa) in the southern part of Cochin China, and finally reached Canton in China. From Canton he travelled to Zaitoum, the largest Chinese seaport in the Middle Ages, and Che-kiang, and went overland by way of Fu-cheu, the capital of the province of Fokien, to Quinsay (Hangcheufu), celebrated by Marco Polo. He remained in China and went to Nanking, Yangchufu, and finally travelled by the great canal and the Hwangho River to Khan-balig or Peking, the capital of the Great Khan. At that time the aged Montecorvino was still archbishop in Peking, where Odoric remained three years. On his return journey he went overland by way of Chan-si through Tibet, from there apparently by way of Badachschan to the Tauris and Armenia, reaching home in 1330.
In May, 1330, at the request of his superior, Guidotto, Odoric dictated an account of his travels to Brother William of Solagna while at the monastery of St. Anthony at Padua. According to another version Henry of Glatz, who was at that time staying at the papal court at Avignon, made notes of the accounts given by Odoric's travelling companions and wrote them out at Prague in 1340. Unfortunately Odoric accepted many fabulous stories and for a long period it was doubted whether he had really seen all the places and regions he described. His narrative, though, is veracious, and he is the first European traveller from whom are learned many peculiarities of the Chinese people and country which Marco Polo did not mention, because he had grown accustomed to them. It is to be regretted that he does not give a more detailed account of Tibet and Lhasa, the capital of the Dalai-Lama, which he was the first European to enter. The account of his travels was widely spread by Mandeville's plagiarisms from them, Mandeville's work being exceedingly popular in the later Middle Ages and much used as a manual by geographers of that period. Numerous manuscripts of Odoric's travels were current in Italy, France, Germany, and England. They were first printed at Pesaro. A Latin version appeared in Marcellino da Civezza's "Storia universale delle missioni Francescane", III (Rome, 1859), 739-81; an English translation was made by Yule in his work "Cathay and the Way Thither", I (London, 1866), 1-162; a French version with very good notes was made by Henri Cordier "Les voyages en Asie au XIV e siècle du bienheureux frère Odoric de Pordenone" (Paris, 1891).
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OntologismOntologism(from on, ontos , being, and logos , science) Ontologism is an ideological system which ... |
OntologyOntology( on, ontos , being, and logos , science, the science or philosophy of being). I. ... |
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Opening Prayer (in the Mass)CollectThe name now used only for short prayers before the Epistle in the Mass, which occur again at ... |
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OptimismOptimismOptimism (Latin optimus , best) may be understood as a metaphysical theory, or as an emotional ... |
Option, Right ofRight of OptionIn canon law an option is a way of obtaining a benefice or a title, by the choice of the new ... |
OracleOracle( oraculum; orare , to speak). A Divine communication given at a special place through ... |
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Orange Free StateOrange Free StateThe Orange Free State, one of the four provinces of the Union of South Africa, lies between ... |
Orange RiverOrange River, South Africa(also the PREFECTURE APOSTOLIC OF GREAT NAMAQUALAND) Located in South Africa. The vicariate was ... |
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OransOrans(Orante) Among the subjects depicted in the art of the Roman catacombs one of those most ... |
Orate FratresOrate FratresThe exhortation (" Pray brethren that my sacrifice and yours be acceptable to God the Father ... |
OratorioOratorioAs at present understood, an Oratorio is a musical composition for solo voices, chorus, orchestra, ... |
OratoryOratory(Latin oratorium , from orare , to pray ) As a general term, Oratory signifies a place ... |
Oratory of Saint Philip Neri, TheThe Oratory of Saint Philip NeriUnder this head are included the Italian, Spanish, English, and other communities, which follow ... |
Oratory, French Congregation of theFrench Congregation of the OratoryFounded in Paris at the beginning of the seventeenth century by Cardinal Pierre de ... |
Orbellis, Nicolas d'Nicolas d'OrbellisFranciscan theologian and philosopher, Scotist ; born about 1400; died at Rome, 1475. He seems ... |
OrcagnaOrcagna(The conventional name in art history of A NDREA DI C IONE , also called A RCAGNUOLO or A ... |
OrcistusOrcistusTitular see in Galatia Secunda. It is only mentioned in Peutinger's "Table". An inscription of ... |
OrdealsOrdeals( Iudicium Dei ; Anglo-Saxon, ordâl ; German Urteil ). Ordeals were a means of ... |
Ordericus VitalisOrdericus VitalisHistorian, b. 1075; d. about 1143. He was the son of an English mother and a French priest who ... |
Orders, HolyHoly OrdersOrder is the appropriate disposition of things equal and unequal, by giving each its proper place ... |
Orders, The MilitaryThe Military OrdersIncluding under this term every kind of brotherhood of knights, secular as well as religious, ... |
OrdinariateOrdinariate(From Ordinary ). This term is used in speaking collectively of all the various organs ... |
OrdinaryOrdinary( Latin ordinarius , i. e., judex ) An Ordinary in ecclesiastical language, denotes any ... |
Ordines RomaniOrdines RomaniThe word Ordo commonly meant, in the Middle Ages, a ritual book containing directions for ... |
OregonOregonOne of the Pacific Coast States, seventh in size among the states of the Union (1910). It received ... |
Oregon CityOregon City(OREGONOPOLITAN). Includes that part of the state of Oregon west of the Cascade Mountains, ... |
OremusOremusInvitation to pray, said before collects and other short prayers and occurring continually in ... |
OrenseOrense(AURIENSIS) A suffragan of Compostela, includes nearly all of the civil Province of Orense, ... |
Oresme, NicoleNicole OresmePhilosopher, economist, mathematician, and physicist, one of the principal founders of modern ... |
OrganOrgan(Greek organon , "an instrument") A musical instrument which consists of one or several sets ... |
Organic Articles, TheThe Organic ArticlesA name given to a law regulating public worship, comprising 77 articles relative to Catholicism, ... |
OriaOria(URITANA) Oria, in the Province of Lecce [now the Province of Brindisi -- Ed. ], Apulia, ... |
Oriani, BarnabaBarnaba OrianiItalian Barnabite and astronomer, b. at Carignano, near Milan, 17 July, 1752; d. at Milan, 12 ... |
Oriental Study and ResearchOriental Study and ResearchIn the broadest sense of the term, Oriental study comprises the scientific investigation and ... |
Orientation of ChurchesOrientation of ChurchesAccording to Tertullian the Christians of his time were, by some who concerned themselves with ... |
OrientiusOrientiusChristian Latin poet of the fifth century. He wrote an elegiac poem ( Commonitorium ) of 1036 ... |
OriflammeOriflammeIn verses 3093-5 of the "Chanson de Roland" (eleventh century) the oriflamme is mentioned as a ... |
Origen and OrigenismOrigen and OrigenismI. LIFE AND WORK OF ORIGEN A. BIOGRAPHY Origen, most modest of writers, hardly ever alludes to ... |
Original SinOriginal SinI. Meaning II. Principal Adversaries III. Original Sin in ScriptureIV. Original Sin in ... |
OrihuelaOrihuelaDIOCESE OF ORIHUELA (ORIOLENSIS, ORIOLANA). The Diocese of Orihuela comprises all the civil ... |
Oriol, Saint JosephSaint Joseph OriolPriest, "Thaumaturgus of Barcelona", b. at Barcelona, 23 November, 1650; d. there, 23 March, ... |
OristanoOristanoDiocese of Oristano (Arborensis) in Sardinia. Oristano was the capital of the giudicatura ... |
OrkneysOrkneysA group of islands situated between 58° 41' and 59° 24' N. lat. and 2° 22' and 3° ... |
OrléansOrleans(AURELIANUM) This Diocese comprises the Department of Loiret, suffragan of Paris since 1622, ... |
Orléans, Councils ofCouncils of OrleansSix national councils were held at Orléans in the Merovingian period. I. — At the ... |
Orlandini, NiccolòNiccolo OrlandiniBorn at Florence, 1554; died 1606 at Rome, 17 May. He entered the Jesuit novitiate 7 Nov., ... |
Orley, Barent VanBarent van Orley(Bernard) Painter, b. at Brussels, about 1491; d. there 6 January, 1542. He studied under ... |
Orme, Philibert de l'Philibert de l'OrmeAn architect, born about 1512; died 1570. His style, classical and of the more severe Italian ... |
OropusOropusTitular see, suffragan of Anazarbus in Cilicia Secunda. It never really depended on Anazarbus ... |
Orosius, PaulusPaulus OrosiusHistorian and Christian apologist ; b. probably at Bracara, now Braga, in Portugal, between 380 ... |
Orphans and OrphanagesOrphans and OrphanagesThe death of one or both parents makes the child of the very poor a ward of the community. The ... |
Orsi, Giuseppe AgostinoGiuseppe Agostino OrsiA cardinal, theologian, and ecclesiastical historian, born at Florence, 9 May, 1692, of an ... |
OrsiniOrsiniOne of the most ancient and distinguished families of the Roman nobility, whose members often ... |
OrsisiusOrsisius( Arsisios , Oresiesis-Heru-sa Ast) Egyptian monk of the fourth century; was a disciple ... |
Ortelius, AbrahamAbraham Ortelius(OERTEL) A cartographer, geographer, and archeologist, born in Antwerp, 4 April, 1527; died ... |
Orthodox ChurchOrthodox ChurchThe technical name for the body of Christians who use the Byzantine Rite in various languages ... |
OrthodoxyOrthodoxyOrthodoxy ( orthodoxeia ) signifies right belief or purity of faith. Right belief is not ... |
Orthodoxy, Feast ofFeast of Orthodoxy(or SUNDAY) The first Sunday of the Great Forty days ( Lent ) in the Byzantine Calendar ... |
OrthosiasOrthosiasA titular see of Phœnicia Prima, suffragan of Tyre. The city is mentioned for the first ... |
Ortolano FerrareseOrtolano FerraresePainter of the Ferrara School, b. in Ferrara, about 1490; d. about 1525. His real name was ... |
OrvalOrval(Aurea Vallis, Gueldenthal). Formerly a Cistercian abbey in Belgian Luxemburg, Diocese of ... |
OrvietoOrvietoDIOCESE OF ORVIETO (URBEVETANA) Diocese in Central Italy. The city stands on a rugged mass of ... |
Ory, MatthieuMatthieu OryInquisitor and theologian, b. at La Caune, 1492; d. at Paris, 1557. Entering the Dominican ... |
OsakaOsaka(Osachensis). Osaka ( Oye , great river; saka , cliff), one of the three municipal ... |
OsbaldOsbaldKing of Northumbria, d. 799. Symeon of Durham (Historia Regum) tells us that when Ecfwald, a ... |
Osbaldeston, Edward, VenerableVen. Edward OsbaldestonEnglish martyr, b. about 1560; hanged, drawn, and quartered at York, 16 November, 1594. Son of ... |
OsbernOsbernHagiographer, sometimes confused with Osbert de Clare alias Osbern de Westminster, b. at ... |
Oscott (St. Mary's College)Oscott (St. Mary's College)In 1793, a number of the Catholic nobility and gentry of England formed a committee for the ... |
OseeOseeNAME AND COUNTRY Osee (Hôsheá‘– Salvation ), son of Beeri, was one of ... |
OsimoOsimoDIOCESE OF OSIMO (AUXIMANA). Diocese in the Province of Ascoli Piceno, Italy. Osimo was ... |
Oslo, Ancient See ofAncient See of Oslo(ASLOIA, ASLOENSIS.) Oslo occupied part of the site of Christiania (founded 1624). After the ... |
OsmaOsma(OXOMENSIS) The Diocese borders Burgos and Logroño on the north, Soria and Saragossa ... |
Osmund, SaintSt. OsmundBishop of Salisbury, died 1099; his feast is kept on 4 December. Osmund held an exalted ... |
OsnabrückOsnabrueck(OSNABRUGENSIS) This diocese, directly subject to the Holy See, comprises, in the Prussian ... |
Ossat, Arnaud d'Arnaud d'OssatFrench cardinal, diplomat, and writer, b. at Larroque-Magnoac (Gascony), 20 July, 1537; d. at ... |
Ossory, Diocese ofOssory(Ossoriensis.) In the Province of Leinster, Ireland, is bounded on the south by the Suir, on ... |
OstensoriumOstensorium(From ostendere , "to show"). Ostensorium means, in accordance with its etymology, a ... |
Ostia and VelletriOstia and VelletriSUBURBICARIAN DIOCESE OF OSTIA AND VELLETRI (OSTIENSIS ET VELITERNENSIS). Near Rome, central ... |
OstiensisOstiensisSurname of LEO MARSICANUS, Benedictine chronicler, b. about 1045; d. 22 May, 1115, 1116, or ... |
OstracineOstracineTitular see and suffragan of Pelusium in Augustamnica prima. Pliny (Hist. naturalis, V, xiv) ... |
Ostraka, ChristianChristian OstrakaInscriptions on clay, wood, metal, and other hard materials. Like papyri, they are valuable ... |
OstrogothsOstrogothsOne of the two chief tribes of the Goths, a Germanic people. Their traditions relate that the ... |
Oswald, SaintSt. OswaldArchbishop of York, d. on 29 February, 992. Of Danish parentage, Oswald was brought up by his ... |
Oswald, SaintSt. OswaldKing and martyr ; b., probably, 605; d. 5 Aug., 642; the second of seven brothers, sons of ... |
Oswin, SaintSt. OswinKing and martyr, murdered at Gilling, near Richmond, Yorkshire, England, on 20 August, 651, ... |
Otfried of WeissenburgOtfried of WeissenburgHe is the oldest German poet known by name, author of the "Evangelienbuch", a rhymed version of ... |
OthloOthlo(OTLOH) A Benedictine monk of St. Emmeran's, Ratisbon, born 1013 in the Diocese of ... |
Othmar, SaintSt. Othmar(Audomar.) Died 16 Nov., 759, on the island of Werd in the Rhine, near Echnez, Switzerland. ... |
Otho, Marcus SalviusMarcus Salvius OthoRoman emperor, successor, after Galba, of Nero, b. in Rome, of an ancient Etruscan family ... |
OtrantoOtrantoARCHDIOCESE OF OTRANTO (HYDRUNTINA). Otranto is a city of the Province of Lecce, Apulia, ... |
Ottawa, Archdiocese ofOttawaArchdiocese of Ottawa (Ottawiensis). The Archdiocese of Ottawa, in Canada, originally ... |
Ottawa, University ofUniversity of OttawaConducted by the Oblates of Mary Immaculate ; founded in 1848. It was incorporated in 1849 under ... |
Otto I, the GreatOtto I (The Great)Roman emperor and German king, b. in 912; d. at Memleben, 7 May, 973; son of Henry I and his ... |
Otto IIOtto IIKing of the Germans and Emperor of Rome, son of Otto I and Adelaide, b. 955; d. in Rome, 7 ... |
Otto IIIOtto IIIGerman king and Roman emperor, b. 980; d. at Paterno, 24 Jan., 1002. At the age of three he was ... |
Otto IVOtto IVGerman king and Roman emperor, b. at Argentau (Dept. of Orne), c. 1182; d. 19 May, 1218; son of ... |
Otto of FreisingOtto of FreisingBishop and historian, b. between 1111 and 1114, d. at Morimond, Champagne, France, 22 ... |
Otto of PassauOtto of PassauAll we know of him is in the preface of his work, in which he calls himself a member of the ... |
Otto of St. BlasienOtto of BlasienChronicler, b. about the middle of the twelfth century; d. 23 July, 1223, at St. Blasien in the ... |
Otto, SaintSaint OttoBishop of Bamberg, b. about 1060; d. 30 June, 1139. He belonged to the noble, though not ... |
OttobeurenOttobeuren(OTTOBURA, MONASTERIUM OTTOBURANUM) Formerly a Benedictine abbey, now a priory, near ... |
Ouen, SaintSt. Ouen(OWEN; DADON, Latin Audaenus ). Archbishop of Rouen, b. at Sancy, near Soissons about ... |
Our Father, TheLord's PrayerAlthough the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ... |
Our Lady of Charity of the Good ShepherdOur Lady of Charity of the Good ShepherdThe aim of this institute is to provide a shelter for girls and women of dissolute habits, who ... |
Our Lady of Good Counsel, Feast ofFeast of Our Lady of Good CounselRecords dating from the reign of Paul II (1464-71) relate that the picture of Our Lady, at ... |
Our Lady of Perpetual HelpOur Lady of Perpetual Succour (Our Lady of Perpetual Help)( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ... |
Our Lady of Perpetual SuccourOur Lady of Perpetual Succour (Our Lady of Perpetual Help)( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ... |
Our Lady of the Fields, Brothers ofBrothers of Our Lady of the FieldsA Canadian congregation founded in 1902 at St-Damien de Buckland in the Diocese of Quebec by ... |
Our Lady of the SnowOur Lady of the Snow("Dedicatio Sanctæ Mariæ ad Nives"). A feast celebrated on 5 August to ... |
Our Lady, Help of Christians, Feast ofFeast of Our Lady, Help of ChristiansThe invocation Auxilium Christianorum (Help of Christians ) originated in the sixteenth ... |
Overbeck, FriedrichFriedrich OverbeckConvert and painter of religious subjects, b. at Lübeck, 3 July, 1789; d. at Rome, 12 ... |
Overberg, Bernhard HeinrichBernhard Heinrich OverbergA German ecclesiastic and educator, born 1 May, 1754; died 9 November, 1826. Of poor parents in ... |
Overpopulation, Theories ofOverpopulation TheoriesDown to the end of the eighteenth century, very little attention was given to the relation between ... |
OviedoOviedo(OVETENSIS) This diocese comprises the civil province of the same name (the ancient Kingdom ... |
Owen, SaintSt. Ouen(OWEN; DADON, Latin Audaenus ). Archbishop of Rouen, b. at Sancy, near Soissons about ... |
Owen, Saint NicholasSt. Nicholas OwenA Jesuit lay-brother, martyred in 1606. There is no record of his parentage, birthplace, date ... |
Oxenford, JohnJohn OxenfordDramatist, critic, translator, and song-writer, b. in London, 12 Aug., 1812; d. there 21 Feb., ... |
Oxenham, Henry NutcombeHenry Nutcombe OxenhamAn English controversialist and poet, born at Harrow, 15 Nov., 1829; died at Kensington, 23 ... |
OxfordOxfordOxford, one of the most ancient cities in England, grew up under the shadow of a convent, said to ... |
Oxford Movement, TheThe Oxford Movement (1833-1845)The Oxford Movement may be looked upon in two distinct lights. "The conception which lay at its ... |
Oxford, University ofUniversity of OxfordI. ORIGIN AND HISTORY The most extraordinary myths have at various times prevailed as to the ... |
OxyrynchusOxyrynchusTitular archdiocese of Heptanomos in Egypt. It was the capital of the district of its name, the ... |
Ozanam, Antoine-FrédéricAntoine-Frederic OzanamGreat grand-nephew of Jacques Ozanam . Born at Milan, 23 April, 1813; died at Marseilles, 8 ... |
Ozanam, JacquesJacques OzanamA French mathematician, born at Bouligneux (Ain), 1640; died in Paris, 3 April, 1717. He came of a ... |
OziasOzias" Yahweh is my strength", name of six Israelites mentioned in the Bible . (1) Ozias, King ... |
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