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Polytheism

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The belief in, and consequent worship of, many gods. See the various articles on national religions such as the Assyrian, Babylonian, Hindu, and the ancient religions of Egypt, Greece, and Rome ; see also ANIMISM, FETISHISM, TOTEMISM, GOD, MONOTHEISM, PANTHEISM, etc.

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Pápago Indians Papago Indians An important tribe of Shoshonean linguistic stock, speaking a dialect of the Pima language and ...
Pázmány, Peter Peter Pazmany A famous Hungarian ecclesiastic of the seventeenth century; died 19 March, 1637. He was born of ...
Pérez de Hita, Ginés Gines Perez de Hita Spanish writer, born at Murcia. Little is known of his life except that he lived during the ...
Périgueux Perigueux (PETROCORICENSIS) Comprises the Department of Dordogne and is suffragan to the Archbishopric of ...
Pétau, Denis Denis Petau (DIONYSIUS PETAVIUS) One of the most distinguished theologians of the seventeenth century, ...
Pacandus Pacandus Titular see, recorded under "Pacanden." Among the titular sees in the official list of the Curia ...
Pacca, Bartolommeo Bartolommeo Pacca Cardinal, scholar, and statesman, b. at Benevento, 27 Dec., 1756; d. at Rome, 19 Feb., 1844; ...
Pachomius, Saint St. Pachomius Died about 346. The main facts of his life will be found in MONASTICISM (Section II: Eastern ...
Pachtler, George Michael George Michael Pachtler Controversial and educational writer, b. at Mergentheim, Wurtemberg, 14 Sept., 1825; d. at ...
Pacificus Pacificus A disciple of St. Francis of Assisi, born probably near Ascoli, Italy, in the second half of ...
Pacificus of Ceredano, Blessed Bl. Pacificus of Ceredano (Also known as Pacificus of Novara, or Novariensis ). Born 1420 at Cerano, in the Diocese ...
Pacificus of San Severino, Saint St. Pacificus of San Severino Born at San Severino, in the parents died soon after his confirmation when three years old; he ...
Pacioli, Lucas Lucas Pacioli (Paciuolo.) Mathematician, born at Borgo San Sepolco, Tuscany, toward the middle of the ...
Paderborn Paderborn (Paderbornensis) Suffragan diocese of Cologne, includes: the District of Minden, ...
Padilla, Juan de Juan de Padilla Friar Minor, protomartyr of the United States of America , member of the Andalusian province, ...
Padua Padua (Patavina) Diocese in northern Italy. The city is situated on a fertile plain and is ...
Padua, University of University of Padua The University of Padua dates, according to some anonymous chronicles (Muratori, "Rer. Ital. ...
Paganism Paganism Paganism, in the broadest sense includes all religions other than the true one revealed by God, ...
Pagano, Mario Mario Pagano Jurisconsult and man of letters, born in Brienza, Province of Salerno, 8 Dec., 1748; died at ...
Page, Venerable Anthony Venerable Anthony Page English martyr, born at Harrow-on-the-Hill, Middlesex, 1571; died at York, 20 or 30 April, 1593. ...
Pagi, Antoine Antoine Pagi French ecclesiastical historian. Born 31 March, 1624, at Rognes in the Department of ...
Pagi, François Francois Pagi French ecclesiastical historian, nephew of Antoine Pagi. Born 7 September, 1654, at Lambesc in ...
Pagnino, Santes Santes Pagnino (Or XANTES) A Dominican, born 1470 at Lucca, Tuscany ; died 24 Aug., 1541, at Lyons, one of ...
Painting, Religious Religious Painting Painting has always been associated with the life of the Church. From the time of the ...
Pakawá Indians Pakawa Indians (Also written Pacoá) One of a group of cognate tribes, hence designated the ...
Palæography Palaeography ( palaia , "ancient", graphe , "writing") The art of deciphering ancient writing in ...
Palæontology Palaeontology ( logos ton palaion onton ) Palæ ontology, or the science of fossils, deals with ...
Palafox y Mendoza, Juan de Juan de Palafox y Mendoza Bishop of La Puebla de Los Angeles, b. at Fitero in Navarre, 24 June, 1600; d. at Osma in ...
Palasor, Venerable Thomas Ven. Thomas Palasor ( Or Palliser). English martyr, born at Ellerton-upon-Swale, parish of Catterick, North ...
Palatinate, Rhenish Rhenish Palatinate ( German Rheinpfalz ). A former German electorate. It derives its name from the title of a ...
Palatini Palatini ( Latin palatium , palace) The designation, primarily, of certain high officials in the ...
Palawan Palawan Prefecture Apostolic in the Philippine Islands ; comprises Palawan, Cuyo, Culion, Twahig, and ...
Palencia Palencia (PALENTINA) This Diocese comprises the civil provinces of Palencia, Santander, Valladolid, ...
Paleopolis Paleopolis (Palæopolis) A titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus. The history of this ...
Paleotti, Gabriele Gabriele Paleotti Cardinal and Archbishop of Bologna. Born at Bologna, 4 October, 1522; died at Rome, 22 July, ...
Palermo Palermo Archdiocese of Palermo (Panormitana), in Sicily. The city is built on an inlet of the ...
Palermo, University of University of Palermo The Convent of St. Dominic of Palermo may be considered the nucleus of the future University of ...
Palestrina Palestrina (PBÆNESTINENSIS) The town of Palestrina, in the province of Rome, central Italy, is the ...
Palestrina, Giovanni Pierluigi da Giovanni Pierluigi da Palestrina The greatest composer of liturgical music of all time, born at Palestrina (ancient ...
Paley, Frederick Apthorp Frederick Apthorp Paley Classical scholar, born at Easingwold near York, 14 Jan., 1815; died at Bournemouth, 9 December, ...
Pall Pall A heavy, black cloth, spread over the coffin in the church at a funeral, or over the catafalque ...
Pall, Funeral Funeral Pall A black cloth usually spread over the coffin while the obsequies are performed for a deceased ...
Palladio, Andrea Andrea Palladio Italian architect, born at Vicenza 1508; died at Venice, 19 August, 1580. There is a tradition ...
Palladius Palladius ( Palladios ) Born in Galatia, 368; died probably before 431. The identity of the author of ...
Palladius, Saint Saint Palladius First bishop sent by Pope Celestine to Ireland (431). The chronicle of the contemporary St. ...
Pallavicino, Pietro Sforza Pietro Sforza Pallavicino A cardinal, born 28 Nov., 1607; died 5 June, 1667. Descended from the line of Parma of the ...
Pallium Pallium Form and Use of the Modern Pallium The modern pallium is a circular band about two inches wide, ...
Pallotti, Vincent Mary Ven. Vincent Mary Pallotti The founder of the Pious Society of Missions , born at Rome, 21 April, 1798 [other sources say ...
Palm in Christian Symbolism Palm in Christian Symbolism In pre-Christian times the palm was regarded as a symbol of victory (Aulus Gellius, "Noct. Att.", ...
Palm Sunday Palm Sunday The sixth and last Sunday of Lent and beginning of Holy Week, a Sunday of the highest rank, ...
Palma Vecchio Palma Vecchio (JACOPO NIGRETI) Born at Serinalta near Bergamo, about 1480; d. at Venice, 30 July 1528. ...
Palmer, William William Palmer Born at Mixbury, Oxfordshire, 12 July, 1811; died at Rome, 4 April, 1879; the elder brother of ...
Palmieri, Domenico Domenico Palmieri A theologian, born at Piacenza, Italy, 4 July, 1829; died in Rome, 29 May, 1909. He studied in ...
Palmieri, Luigi Luigi Palmieri Physicist and meteorologist, b. at Faicchio, Benevento, Italy, 22 April, 1807; d. in Naples, 9 ...
Palmyra Palmyra Titular metropolitan see in Phoenicia Secunda. Solomon ( 1 Kings 9:18 ) built Palmira (A. V. ...
Palou, Francisco Francisco Palou A Friar Minor, born at Palma, Island of Majorca, about 1722; died in 1789 or 1790. He entered the ...
Paltus Paltus A titular see and suffragan of Seleucia Pieria in Syria Prima. The town was founded by a ...
Paludanus, Peter Peter Paludanus (PETRUS DE PALUDE) A theologian and archbishop, born in the County of Bresse, Savoy, about ...
Pamelius Pamelius (Jacques de Joigny De Pamele). Belgian theologian, born at Bruges, Flanders, 13 May, 1536; ...
Pamiers Pamiers (APAMÆA) A Diocese comprising the Department of Ariège, and suffragan of ...
Pammachius, Saint St. Pammachius Roman senator, d. about 409. In youth he frequented the schools of rehetoric with St. Jerome. In ...
Pamphilus of Cæsarea, Saint Pamphilus of Caesarea Martyred 309. Eusebius's life of Pamphilus is lost, but from his "Martyrs of Palestine" we ...
Pamplona Pamplona (PAMPILONENSIS) This Diocese comprises almost all of Navarre and part of Guipuzcoa. This ...
Panama Panama Located in Central America, occupies the Isthmus of Panama, or Darien, which extends east and west ...
Pancratius and Domitilla, Nereus and Achilleus, Saints Sts. Nereus and Achilleus, Domitilla and Pancratius The commemoration of these four Roman saints is made by the Church on 12 May, in common, and ...
Pandects Pandects (PANDECTÆ, or DIGESTA) This part of Justinian's compilation was his most important ...
Pandulph Pandulph A papal legate and Bishop of Norwich, died at Rome, 16 Sept., 1226. He is commonly but ...
Panemotichus Panemotichus A titular see of Pamphylia Secunda, suffragan of Perge. Panemotichus coined money during the ...
Pange Lingua Gloriosi Pange Lingua Gloriosi The opening words of two hymns celebrating respectively the Passion and the Blessed Sacrament. ...
Panigarola, Francesco Francesco Panigarola A preacher and controversialist, Bishop of Asti, born at Milan, 6 Feb., 1548; died at Asti, 31 ...
Pannartz, Arnold Arnold Pannartz and Konrad Sweinheim See also KONRAD SWEYNHEIM . Both printers; Pannartz died about 1476, Sweinheim in 1477. ...
Pano Indians Pano Indians A former important mission tribe on the middle Ucayali River, Peru, being the principal of a group ...
Panopolis Panopolis A titular see, suffragan of Antinoe in Thebais Prima; the ancient Apu or Khimmin which the ...
Panpsychism Panpsychism (Greek pan , all; psyche , soul ) Panpsychism is a philosophical theory which holds ...
Pantænus Pantaenus Head of the Catechetical School of Alexandria about 180 ( Eusebius, "Hist. eccl.", V, x), still ...
Pantaleon, Saint St. Pantaleon Martyr, died about 305. According to legend he was the son of a rich pagan, Eustorgius of ...
Pantheism Pantheism (From Greek pan , all; theos , god). The view according to which God and the world are ...
Panvinio, Onofrio Onofrio Panvinio Historian and archaeologist, born at Verona, 23 February, 1530; died at Palermo, 7 April, 1568. ...
Panzani, Gregorio Gregorio Panzani Bishop of Mileto, died early in 1662. He was a secular priest of Arezzo, having left the ...
Paoli, Venerable Angelo Venerable Angelo Paoli Born at Argigliano, Tuscany, 1 Sept., 1642; died at Rome, 17 January, 1720. The son of Angelo ...
Papacy, The Papacy This term is employed in an ecclesiastical and in an historical signification. In the former of ...
Papal Arbitration Papal Arbitration An institution almost coeval with the papacy itself. The principle of arbitration presupposes ...
Papal Elections Papal Elections For current procedures regarding the election of the pope, see Pope John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic ...
Papal Mint Papal Mint The right to coin money being a sovereign prerogative, there can be no papal coins of earlier ...
Papal Rescripts Papal Rescripts ( Latin re-scribere , "to write back") Rescripts are responses of the pope or a Sacred ...
Papal States States of the Church ( Italian Lo Stato della Chiese ) Consists of the civil territory which for over 1000 years ...
Paphnutius Paphnutius I The most celebrated personage of this name was bishop of a city in the Upper Thebaid in the ...
Paphos Paphos A titular see, suffragan of Salamis in Cyprus. There were two towns of this name, Old Paphos ...
Papias, Saint St. Papias Bishop of Hierapolis (close to Laodicea and Coloss Colossae aelig; in the valley of the ...
Papiensis, Bernardus Bernardus Papiensis An Italian canonist of the thirteenth century; died 18 Sept., 1213. He was born at Pavia, ...
Papini, Nicholas Nicholas Papini An historian, born at San Giovanni Valdarno, between Florence and Arezzo, about 1751; died at ...
Parætonium Paraetonium Parætonium, a titular see of Lybia Secunda or Inferior (i.e. Marmarica), suffragan of ...
Paré, Ambroise Ambroise Pare French surgeon, born at Bourg-Hersent, near Laval, department of Maine, 1517; died 20 ...
Parœcopolis ParŒcopolis A titular see of Macedonia, suffragan of Thessalonica. It is mentioned by Ptolemy (III, 13, ...
Para du Phanjas, François Francois Para du Phanjas Writer, b. at the castle of Phanja Champsaur, Basses-Alpes, 1724; d. at Paris, 1797. After his ...
Parables Parables The word parable (Hebrew mashal ; Syrian mathla , Greek parabole ) signifies in general ...
Parabolani Parabolani paraboloi, parabalanoi The members of a brotherhood who in the Early Church voluntarily ...
Paracelsus, Theophrastus Theophrastus Paracelsus Celebrated physician and reformer of therapeutics, b. at the Sihlbrücke, near Einsiedeln, ...
Paraclete Paraclete Paraclete, Comforter (L. Consolator ; Greek parakletos ), an appellation of the Holy Ghost. ...
Paradise, Terrestrial The Garden of Eden ( paradeisos , Paradisus ). The name popularly given in Christian tradition to the ...
Paraguay Paraguay One of the inland republics of South America, separated from Spain and constituted as an ...
Parahyba Parahyba (PARAHYBENESIS) Located in the State of Parahyba, Brazil, suffragan of Bahia, founded 27 ...
Paralipomenon, Books of Paralipomenon (Chronicles) ( Paraleipomenon ; Libri Paralipomenon ). Two books of the Bible containing a summary of ...
Parallelism Parallelism The balance of verse with verse, an essential and characteristic feature in Hebrew poetry. Either ...
Parallelism, Psycho-Physical Psycho-Physical Parallelism A doctrine which states that the relation between mental processes, on the one hand, and ...
Paralus Paralus A titular see, suffragan of Cabasa in Ægyptus Secunda. One of the seven mouths of the ...
Paraná Parana (PARANENSIS) Suffragan of Buenos Aires, in Argentina until recently, comprised two civil ...
Parasceve Parasceve (Gr. paraskevé ); seems to have supplanted the older term prosábbaton , used ...
Paray-le-Monial Paray-Le-Monial A town of five thousand inhabitants in the Department of Sâone-Loire, Diocese of Autun , ...
Pardies, Ignace-Gaston Ignace-Gaston Pardies French scientist, b. at Pau, 5 Sept., 1636; d. of fever contracted whilst ministering to the ...
Pardons of Brittany Pardons of Brittany Pardon, from the Latin perdonare , — assimilated in form to donum , a gift, middle ...
Paredes, Blessed Mary Anne de Bl. Mary Anne de Paredes Born at Quito, Ecuador, 31 Oct. 1618; died at Quito, 26 May, 1645. On both sides of her family ...
Pareja, Francisco Francisco Pareja Missionary, probably born at Auñon in the Diocese of Toledo, Spain, date unknown; died ...
Parents Parents ( Latin parere , to beget) I. DUTIES OF PARENTS TOWARDS THEIR CHILDREN In the old pagan ...
Parenzo-Pola Parenzo-Pola (PARENTINA-POLENSIS) The little town of Parenzo is picturesquely situated on a promontory ...
Parini, Giuseppe Giuseppe Parini Italian poet, born at Bosisio, 23 May, 1729; died at Milan, 15 Aug., 1799. Parini was early ...
Paris Paris ARCHDIOCESE OF PARIS (PARIBIENSIS) See also UNIVERSITY OF PARIS . Paris comprises the ...
Paris Commune, Martyrs of the Martyrs of the Paris Commune The secular priests and the religious who were murdered in Paris, in May 1871, on account of ...
Paris, Alexis-Paulin Alexis-Paulin Paris Philologist, born at Avenay, Marne, France, 25 March, 1800; died 13 Feb., 1881. Having finished ...
Paris, Gaston-Bruno-Paulin Gaston-Bruno-Paulin Paris A French philologist, son of Paulin, born at Avenay (Marne), 9 August, 1839; died at Cannes, 6 ...
Paris, Matthew Matthew Paris Benedictine monk and chronicler, b. about 1200; d. 1259. There seems no reason to infer from the ...
Paris, University of University of Paris See also ARCHDIOCESE OF PARIS . Origin and Early Organization Three schools were especially ...
Parish Parish (Latin par&ligcia, parochia , Greek paroikia , a group of neighbouring dwellings). I. ...
Parium Parium Titular see, suffragan of Cyzicus in the Hellespontus. The Acts of the martyr St. Onesiphorus ...
Park, Abbey of the Abbey of the Park Located half a mile south of Louvain, Belgium, founded in 1129 by Duke Godfrey, surnamed ...
Parkinson, Anthony Anthony Parkinson An historian, born in England, 1667; died there 30 January, 1728. In 1692 he was appointed ...
Parlais Parlais A titular see of Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch. As a Roman colony it was called Julia Augusta ...
Parlatore, Filippo Filippo Parlatore Italian botanist, b. at Palermo, 8 Aug., 1816; d. at Florence, 9 Sept., 1877, a devout and ...
Parma Parma Located in central Italy. The city is situated on the river of the same name, an affluent of the ...
Parmentier, Antoine-Augustin Antoine-Augustin Parmentier An agriculturist, born at Montdidier, 17 August, 1737; died in Paris, 13 Dec., 1813. Left an orphan ...
Parmigiano, Il Il Parmigiano (THE PARMESAN) The current name of FRANCESCO MAZZUOLA, MAZZOLA, MAZZUOLI, or MAZZOLI, Italian ...
Parnassus Parnassus A titular see in Cappadocia Secunda, suffragan of Mocessus. Situated between Ancyra and ...
Parochial Mass Parochial Mass The parish is established to provide the parishioners with the helps of religion, especially ...
Parochial Missions, Catholic Catholic Parochial Missions This term is used to designate certain special exertions of the Church's pastoral agencies, ...
Parrenin, Dominique Dominique Parrenin Born at Russey, near Besançon, 1 Sept., 1665; died at Pekin, 29 Sept., 1741. He entered ...
Parsis Parsis (PARSEES). A small community in India, adherents of the Zoroastrian religion and originally ...
Particular Judgment Particular Judgment A. Dogma of Particular Judgment The Catholic doctrine of the particular judgment is this: that ...
Partnership Partnership Partnership, an unincorporated association of two or more persons, known as partners, having for ...
Paruta, Paolo Paolo Paruta Venetian historian and statesman, born at Venice, 14 May, 1540; died there, 6 Dec., 1598. Of a ...
Pascal Baylon, Saint St. Pascal Baylon Born at Torre-Hermosa, in the Kingdom of Aragon, 24 May, 1540, on the Feast of Pentecost, called ...
Pascal, Blaise Blaise Pascal Born at Clermont-Ferrand, 19 June 1623; died in Paris, 19 August 1662. He was the son of Etienne ...
Pasch Passover Jews of all classes and ways of thinking look forward to the Passover holidays with the same ...
Paschal Candle Paschal Candle The blessing of the "paschal candle ", which is a column of wax of exceptional size, usually ...
Paschal I, Pope Pope Paschal I (817-824) The date of his birth is unknown; he died in April, May, or June, 824. He was the ...
Paschal II, Pope Pope Paschal II (RAINERIUS). Succeeded Urban II, and reigned from 13 Aug., 1099, till he died at Rome, 21 ...
Paschal III (Antipope) Paschal III (GUIDO OF CREMA) The second antipope in the time of Alexander III. He was elected in 1164 ...
Paschal Lamb Paschal Lamb A lamb which the Israelites were commanded to eat with peculiar rites as a part of the ...
Paschal Tide Paschal Tide I. LITURGICAL ASPECT The fifty days from Easter Sunday to Pentecost are called by the older ...
Paschasius Radbertus, Saint Saint Paschasius Radbertus Theologian, b. at Soissons, 786; d. in the Monastery of Corbie, c. 860 (the date 865 is ...
Paschasius, Saint St. Paschasius A deacon of the Roman Church about 500; died after 511. Almost all that is known of Paschasius ...
Passaglia, Carlo Carlo Passaglia Born at Lucca, 9 May, 1812; died at Turin, 12 March, 1887. He entered the Society of Jesus in ...
Passau Passau (PASSAVIENSIS) Located in Bavaria, suffragan of Munich-Freising, including within its ...
Passerat, Joseph, Venerable Ven. Joseph Passerat Born 30 April, 1772, at Joinville, France ; died 30 October, 1858. The difficulties he had to ...
Passignano, Domenico Domenico Passignano (known as IL CRESTI, or IL PASSIGNANO, Cresti being his family name) A Venetian painter, ...
Passion Music Passion Music Precisely when, in the development of the liturgy, the history of the Passion of Our Lord ...
Passion of Christ, Commemoration of the Commemoration of the Passion of Christ A feast kept on the Tuesday after Sexagesima. Its object is the devout remembrance and honour ...
Passion of Jesus Christ The Passion of Christ See also THE PASSION OF CHRIST IN THE GOSPELS . The sufferings of Our Lord, which culminated ...
Passion of Jesus Christ in the Four Gospels The Passion of Christ (Gospel Accounts) See also DEVOTION TO THE PASSION OF CHRIST . We have in the Gospels four separate accounts ...
Passion Offices Passion Offices The recitation of these offices, called also Of the Instruments of the Passion, was first granted ...
Passion Plays Passion Plays The modern drama does not originate in the ancient, but in the religious plays of the Middle ...
Passion Sunday Passion Sunday The fifth Sunday of Lent, a Sunday of the first class, not permitting the celebration of any ...
Passionei, Domenico Domenico Passionei A cardinal, theologian, born at Fossombrone, 2 Dec., 1682; died 5 July, 1761. Educated in the ...
Passionists Passionists The full title of the Passionist institute is: The Congregation of Discalced Clerks of the Most ...
Passions Passions By passions we are to understand here motions of the sensitive appetite in man which tend ...
Passiontide Passiontide The two weeks between Passion Sunday and Easter. The last week is Holy Week, while the first ...
Passos Passos (Or, more fully, Santos Passos ) The Portuguese name locally used to designate certain ...
Passover Passover Jews of all classes and ways of thinking look forward to the Passover holidays with the same ...
Pasteur, Louis Louis Pasteur Chemist, founder of physio-chemistry, father of bacteriology, inventor of bio-therapeutics; born ...
Pasto, Diocese of Pasto (PASTENSIS, PASTOPOLITANA). A Colombian see, suffragan of Popayan, from which it was separated ...
Pastor Pastor This term denotes a priest who has the cure of souls ( cura animarum ), that is, who is ...
Pastoral Epistles (Timothy and Titus) Epistles to Timothy and Titus (T HE P ASTORALS STS. TIMOTHY AND TITUS Saints Timothy and Titus were two of the most beloved ...
Pastoral Staff Crosier (Or PASTORAL STAFF). The crosier is an ecclesiastical ornament which is conferred on bishops ...
Pastoral Theology Pastoral Theology Pastoral theology is the science of the care of souls. This article will give the definition of ...
Pastoureaux, Crusade of the Crusade of the Pastoureaux One of the most curious of the popular movements inspired by a desire to deliver the Holy Land. ...
Patagonia Patagonia Patagonia is the name given to the southernmost extremity of South America. Its boundary on the ...
Patara Patara Titular see of Lycia, suffragan of Myra, formerly a large cornmercial town, opposite Rhodes. ...
Paten Paten The eucharistic vessel known as the paten is a small shallow plate or disc of precious metal upon ...
Patenson, Venerable William Ven. William Paterson Venerable William Patenson, English martyr , born in Yorkshire or Durham ; died at Tyburn, 22 ...
Pater Noster Lord's Prayer Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ...
Pathology, Mental Mental Pathology This subject will be considered under the following headings: I. Localization of Mental ...
Patmore, Coventry Coventry Patmore One of the major poets of the nineteenth century, in spite of the small bulk of his verse, born at ...
Patmos Patmos A small volcanic island in the Ægean Sea, off the coast of Asia Minor, to the south of Samos ...
Patras Patras A metropolitan see in Achaia. It was one of the twelve ancient cities of Achaia, built near ...
Patriarch Patriarch The word patriarch as applied to Biblical personages comes from the Septuagint version, where ...
Patriarch and Patriarchate Patriarch and Patriarchate Names of the highest ecclesiastical dignitaries after the pope, and of the territory they rule. ...
Patrician Brothers Patrician Brothers (Or BROTHERS OF SAINT PATRICK). This Brotherhood was founded by the Right Rev. Dr. Daniel ...
Patrick's Purgatory, Saint St. Patrick's Purgatory Lough Derg, Ireland. This celebrated sanctuary in Donegal, in the Diocese of Clogher, dates ...
Patrick, Saint St. Patrick Apostle of Ireland, born at Kilpatrick, near Dumbarton, in Scotland, in the year 387; died at ...
Patrizi, Francis Xavier Francis Xavier Patrizi Jesuit exegete, b. at Rome, 19 June, 1797; d. there 23 April, 1881. He was the eldest son and ...
Patrology Patrology Patrology, the study of the writings of the Fathers of the Church, has more commonly been known ...
Patron and Patronage Patron and Patronage I By the right of patronage ( ius patronatus ) is understood a determinate sum of rights ...
Patron Saints Patron Saints A patron is one who has been assigned by a venerable tradition, or chosen by election, as a ...
Patronage of Our Lady, Feast of the Feast of the Patronage of Our Lady It was first permitted by Decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites, 6 May, 1679, for all the ...
Patti, Diocese of Patti (PACTENSIS) Patti, in the Province of Messina (Sicily), on the western shore of the gulf of ...
Paul and John, Saints Sts. John and Paul Martyred at Rome on 26 June. The year of their martyrdom is uncertain according to their ...
Paul I, Pope Pope Paul I (757-67) Date of birth unknown; died at Rome, 28 June, 767. He was a brother of Stephen II. ...
Paul II, Pope Pope Paul II (PIETRO BARBO) Born at Venice, 1417; elected 30 August, 1464; died 26 July, 1471; son of ...
Paul III, Pope Pope Paul III (A LESSANDRO F ARNESE ). Born at Rome or Canino, 29 Feb., 1468; elected, 12 Oct., 1534; ...
Paul IV, Pope Pope Paul IV (G IOVANNI P IETRO C ARAFFA ). Born near Benevento, 28 June, 1476; elected 23 May, ...
Paul of Burgos Paul of Burgos (PAUL DE SANTA MARIA; Jewish name, SOLOMON HA-LEVI) A Spanish archbishop, lord chancellor and ...
Paul of Middelburg Paul of Middelburg A scientist and bishop, born in 1446 at Middelburg, the ancient capital of the province of ...
Paul of Samosata Paul of Samosata Bishop of Antioch. Several synods, probably three, were held against him about 264-66. St. ...
Paul of the Cross, Saint St. Paul of the Cross Paul Francis Daneii, born at Ovada, Genoa, Italy, 3 January, 1694; died in Rome, 18 October, 1775. ...
Paul the Deacon Paul the Deacon (Paulus Diaconus) (Paulus Diaconus; also called Casinensis, Levita, and Warnefridi). Historian, born at ...
Paul the Hermit, Saint Saint Paul the Hermit There are three important versions of the Life of St. Paul: (1) the Latin version ( H ) of St. ...
Paul the Simple, Saint St. Paul the Simple The story of Paul, as Palladius heard it from men who had known St. Anthony, was as follows: ...
Paul V, Pope Pope Paul V (CAMILLO BORGHESE). Born at Rome, 17 Sept., 1550; elected 16 May, 1605; died 28 Jan., 1621. ...
Paul, Saint St. Paul I. PRELIMINARY QUESTIONS A. Apocryphal Acts of St. Paul Professor Schmidt has published a ...
Paul-without-the-Walls, Saint St. Paul-Without-The-Walls ( San Paolo fuori le mura ). An abbey nullius. As early as 200 the burial place of the ...
Paula, Saint St. Paula Born in Rome, 347; died at Bethlehem, 404. She belonged to one of the first families of Rome. ...
Pauli, Johannes Johannes Pauli Born about 1455; died after 1530 in the monastery at Thann in Alsace. What little is known of ...
Paulicians Paulicians A dualistic heretical sect, derived originally from Manichaeism. The origin of the name ...
Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo Paulinus a S. Bartholomaeo (PHILIP WESDIN). Missionary and Orientalist, b. at Hoff in Lower Austria, 25 Apr., 1748; d. ...
Paulinus II, Saint St. Paulinus II Born at Premariacco, near Cividale, Italy, about 730-40; died 802. Born probably of a Roman ...
Paulinus of Pella Paulinus of Pella Christian poet of the fifth century; b. at Pella in Macedonia, but of a Bordelaise family. He ...
Paulinus, Saint St. Paulinus, Archbishop of York Archbishop of York, died at Rochester, 10 October, 644. He was a Roman monk in St. Andrew's ...
Paulinus, Saint St. Paulinus of Nola (Pontius Meropius Anicius Paulinus). Born at Bordeaux about 354; died 22 June, 431. He ...
Paulist Fathers Paulist Fathers Otherwise known as the "Paulist Fathers" A community of priests for giving missions and ...
Paulists Paulists From the time that the abode and virtues of St. Paul the first hermit were revealed to St. ...
Paulus Diaconus Paul the Deacon (Paulus Diaconus) (Paulus Diaconus; also called Casinensis, Levita, and Warnefridi). Historian, born at ...
Paulus Venetus Paulus Venatus Theologian of the Hermits of the Order of Saint Augustine, born according to the chroniclers of ...
Pavia Pavia (PAPIA) Located in Lombardy, Northern Italy. It is situated in a fertile plain; the city is ...
Pavia, University of University of Pavia Pavia was, even in Roman times, a literary centre (Ennodius); as the capital of the Lombard ...
Pavillon, Nicolas Nicolas Pavillon Bishop of Alet, b. at Paris 1597; d. at Alet, 1677. He joined the community of St-Lazare, ...
Pax Pax (Osculatorium, Tabula Pacis, Lapis Pacis). A tablet to be kissed. The primitive usage in the ...
Pax in the Liturgy Pax in the Liturgy Pax vobis (or vobiscum ), like the other liturgical salutations (e.g. Dominus vobiscum ), ...
Payeras, Mariano Mariano Payeras Born 10 Oct., 1769, at Inca, Island of Majorca; died 28 April, 1823. He received the habit of St. ...
Payne, Blessed John Bl. John Payne Born in the Diocese of Peterborough ; died at Chelmsford, 2 April, 1582. He went to Douai in ...
Peña, Francisco Francisco Pena (PEGNA) A canonist, born at Villaroya de los Pinares, near Saragossa, about 1540; died at ...
Peñalver y Cardenas, Luis Ignatius Luis Ignatius Penalver y Cardenas Bishop of New Orleans, Archbishop of Guatemala, son of a wealthy and noble family ; born ...
Peace Congresses Peace Congresses I. EARLY HISTORY The genesis of the idea of a meeting of representatives of different nations ...
Peace of the Church Peace of the Church This is the designation usually applied to the condition of the Church after the publication at ...
Peasants, War of the (1524-25) War of the Peasants A revolt of the peasants of southern and central Germany, the causes of which are disputed as a ...
Peba Indians Peba Indians (Or Peva ) The principal of a small group of cognate tribes, comprising the Peba proper, ...
Pecham, John John Pecham (PECCHAM) Archbishop of Canterbury, born about 1240; died 6 December, 1292. His birthplace ...
Pecock, Reginald Reginald Pecock (PEACOCK) Bishop of Chichester, born in North Wales about 1395; died at Thorney Abbey about ...
Pectoral Pectoral ("Pectoral of judgment"). The original meaning of the Hebrew term has been lost, and little ...
Pectorale Pectorale ( Crux Pectoralis ). The name of the cross used by the pope, cardinals, bishops, abbots, ...
Pectorius of Autun Pectorius of Autun The name with which the important document frequently known as the Inscription of Autun ...
Pednelissus Pednelissus (Petnelissus). A titular see in Pamphylia Secunda, suffragan of Perge. In ancient times ...
Pedro de Cordova Pedro de Cordova Born at Cordova, Andalusia, Spain, about 1460; died on the Island of Santo Domingo, 1525. He ...
Pelagia Pelagia The name of several saints. The old Syrian martyrology gives the feast of a St. Pelagia of ...
Pelagius and Pelagianism Pelagius and Pelagianism Pelagianism received its name from Pelagius and designates a heresy of the fifth century, which ...
Pelagius I, Pope Pope Pelagius I Date of birth unknown; died 3 March, 561, was a Roman of noble family ; his father, John, seems ...
Pelagius II, Pope Pelagius II The date of whose birth is unknown, seemingly a native of Rome, but of Gothic descent, as his ...
Pelargus, Ambrose Ambrose Pelargus Theologian, born at Nidda, Hesse, about 1488; died at Trier, 1557. Stork (Greek Pelargon , ...
Pelisson-Fontanier, Paul Paul Pelisson-Fontanier French writer, born at Béziers in 1624 of Protestant parents ; died at Versailles, 7 ...
Pella Pella A titular see and suffragan of Scythopolis in Palaestina Secunda. According to Stephanus ...
Pelletier, Pierre-Joseph Pierre-Joseph Pelletier Born in Paris, 22 March, 1788; died there, 19 July, 1842. His father, Bertrand Pelletier, a ...
Pellico, Silvio Silvio Pellico Italian author and patriot, born at Saluzzio, Italy, 24 June, 1788; died at Turin 31 Jan., ...
Pellissier, Guillaume Guillaume Pellissier (PELLICIER) Born at Melgueil in Languedoc, about 1490; died at the castle of Montferraud, ...
Pelotas Pelotas (PELOTASENSIS) Located in Brazil, suffragan to Porto Alegre. By a decree of Pius X, dated ...
Pelouze, Théophile-Jules Theophile-Jules Pelouze Scientist, b. at Valognes, La Manche, 26 Feb., 1807; d. in Paris, 31 May or 1 June, 1867. He began ...
Peltrie, Madeleine de la Madeleine de la Peltrie née CHAUVIGNY A French noblewoman, and foundress, born at Caen, 1603; died at Quebec, ...
Pelusium Pelusium A titular metropolitan see of Augustamnica Prima in Egypt, mentioned in Ezech., xxx, 15 sq., ...
Pembroke Pembroke (PEMBROKIENSIS) A suffragan of Ottawa, in Canada. The town of Pembroke has a beautiful ...
Penal Laws Penal Laws This article treats of the penal legislation affecting Catholics in English-speaking countries ...
Penance (as a Virtue) Penance (as a Virtue) Penance ( poenitentia ) designates (1) a virtue ; (2) a sacrament of the New Law; (3) a ...
Penance, Sacrament of The Sacrament of Penance Penance is a sacrament of the New Law instituted by Christ in which forgiveness of sins ...
Pendleton, Henry Henry Pendleton Controversialist, born at Manchester ; died in London, September, 1557; educated at Brasenose ...
Penelakut Indians Penelakut Indians A small tribe of Salishan stock, speaking a dialect of the Cowichan language and occupying a ...
Penitentes, Los Hermanos Los Hermanos Penitentes (The Penitent Brothers), a society of flagellants existing among the Spanish of New Mexico and ...
Penitential Canons Penitential Canons Rules laid down by councils or bishops concerning the penances to be done for various sins. ...
Penitential Orders Penitential Orders A general name for religious congregations whose members are bound to perform extraordinary works ...
Penitents, Confraternities of Confraternities of Penitents Congregations, with statutes prescribing various penitential works, such as fasting, the use of ...
Penne and Atri, Diocese of Penne and Atri (Pennensis et Atriensis). Penne is a city in the Province of Teramo, in the Abruzzi, central ...
Pennsylvania Pennsylvania One of the thirteen original United States of America , lies between 39° 43' and 42° 15' ...
Penobscot Indians Penobscot Indians The principal tribe of the famous Abnaki confederacy of Maine, and the only one still keeping its ...
Pension, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Pension The right to a certain sum of money to be paid yearly out of the revenues of a church or ...
Pentacomia Pentacomia A titular see of Palestine, suffragan of Areopolis or Rabbah. It was never a residential see; ...
Pentapolis Pentapolis The word, occurring in Wisdom, x, 6, designates the region where stood the five cities ( pente, ...
Pentateuch Pentateuch Pentateuch , in Greek pentateuchos , is the name of the first five books of the Old ...
Pentecost Pentecost A feast of the universal Church which commemorates the Descent of the Holy Ghost upon the ...
Pentecost (Jewish Feast) Pentecost (Jewish Feast) The second in importance of the great Jewish feasts. The term, adopted from the ...
Peoria Peoria (PEORIENSIS). Diocese comprising that part of Central Illinois south of the Counties of ...
Peoria Indians Peoria Indians A principal tribe of the confederated Illinois Indians (q.v.) having their chief residence, in the ...
Pepin the Short Pepin the Short Mayor of the Palace of the whole Frankish kingdom (both Austrasia and Neustria), and later King ...
Peppergrass, Paul John Boyce Novelist, lecturer, and priest, well known under the assumed name of "Paul Peppergrass", born in ...
Perboyre, Blessed Jean-Gabriel St. Jean-Gabriel Perboyre Missionary and martyr, born at Puech, Diocese of Cahors, France, 6 January, 1802; martyred at ...
Percy, Blessed Thomas Bl. Thomas Percy Earl of Northumberland, martyr, born in 1528; died at York, 22 August, 1572. He was the eldest ...
Percy, John John Percy ( alias JOHN FISHER) Born at Holmeside, Durham, 27 Sep., 1569; died at London, 3 Dec., ...
Peregrinus Peregrinus The canons of Priscillian, prefixed to the Epistles of St. Paul in many (chiefly Spanish) ...
Pereira, Benedict Benedict Pereira (PEREYRA, PERERA, PERERIUS) Philosopher, theologian, and exegete, born about 1535, at Ruzafa, ...
Perez, Juan Juan Perez Died before 1513. At one time he held the office of contador or accountant to the Queen of ...
Perfection, Christian and Religious Christian and Religious Perfection A thing is perfect in which nothing is wanting of its nature, purpose, or end. It may be perfect ...
Pergamus Pergamus A titular see, suffragan of Ephesus. This city was situated on the banks of the Selinus. It was ...
Perge Perge Titular metropolitan see in Pamphylia Secunda. Perge, one of the chief cities of Pamphylia, was ...
Pergolesi, Giovanni Battista Giovanni Battista Pergolesi Born at Naples, 3 Jan., 1710; d. 16 March, 1736, at Pozzuoli, near Naples. This young man of ...
Pericui Indians Pericui Indians A rude and savage tribe, of unknown linguistic affinity, formerly occupying the extreme southern ...
Periodi Periodi (P ETRI ) The name under which the Pseudo-Clementine writings are quoted by Epiphanius, ...
Periodical Literature, Catholic Catholic Periodical Literature The invention of printing, besides exerting a great influence on literature in general and on ...
Perjury Perjury (Latin per , through and jurare , to swear) Perjury is the crime of taking a false oath. ...
Permaneder, Franz Michael Franz Michael Permaneder Canonist, b. at Traunstein, Bavaria, 12 Aug., 1794; d. at Ratisbon, 10 Oct., 1862. He studied ...
Pernter, Joseph Maria Joseph Maria Pernter Scientist, b. at Neumark, Tyrol, 15 March, 1848; d. at Arco, 20 Dec., 1908. He entered the ...
Perpetua and Felicitas, Saints Sts. Felicitas and Perpetua Martyrs, suffered at Carthage, 7 March 203, together with three companions, Revocatus, Saturus, ...
Perpetual Adoration Perpetual Adoration A term broadly used to designate the practically uninterrupted adoration of the Blessed ...
Perpetual Adoration, Religious of Religious of Perpetual Adoration (Belgium) A congregation with simple vows, founded at Brussels, 1857, by Anna de Meeus, ...
Perpetual Adoration, Religious of the Religious of the Perpetual Adoration A contemplative religious congregation, founded in 1526 by Sister Elizabeth Zwirer (d. 1546), at ...
Perpetual Adoration, Sisters of the Sisters of the Perpetual Adoration (Quimper, France ). An institute of nuns devoted to perpetual adoration of the Blessed ...
Perpetual Adorers of the Blessed Sacrament Perpetual Adorers of the Blessed Sacrament (Sacramentines.) Anton Le Quien, b. in Paris, 23 Feb., 1601, the founder of the first order ...
Perpetual Help, Our Lady of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour (Our Lady of Perpetual Help) ( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...
Perpetual Help, Our Lady of, Sisters of Sisters of Our Lady of Perpetual Help A congregation founded in the parish of St. Damien, Bellechasse, P.Q., Canada, 28 August, 1892, ...
Perpetual Succour, Our Lady of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour (Our Lady of Perpetual Help) ( Or OUR LADY OF PERPETUAL HELP.) The picture of Our Lady of Perpetual Succour is painted ...
Perpetuus, Saint St. Perpetuus Eighth Bishop of Tours, d. 1 January, or 8 December, 490, or 8 April, 491. He was a member of ...
Perpignan, Diocese of Perpignan (Perpinianum.) Comprises the Department of Pyrénées Orientales; created by the ...
Perpignan, University of University of Perpignan Peter IV of Aragon (1327-87), having conquered (1344) the town of Perpignan and reunited to his ...
Perraud, Adolphe Adolphe Perraud Cardinal and academician; b. at Lyons, France, 7 Feb., 1828; d. 18 Feb., 1906. He had a ...
Perrault, Charles Charles Perrault Writer, b. in Paris, 12 Jan., 1628; d. 16 May, 1703. His first literary attempts were a parody of ...
Perrault, Claude Claude Perrault Born at Paris, 1613; died there, 1688. He built the main eastern façade of the Louvre, ...
Perreyve, Henri Henri Perreyve Born at Paris, 11 April, 1831; died there 18 June, 1865. His father was professor at the ...
Perrone, Giovanni Giovanni Perrone Jesuit theologian, b. at Chieri, Italy, 11 March, 1794; d. at Rome, 28 Aug., 1876. After studying ...
Perry, Stephen Joseph Stephen Joseph Perry Born in London, August, 1833; d. 27 Dec. 1889. He belonged to a well-known Catholic family. His ...
Persecution Persecution GENERAL Persecution may be defined in general as the unlawful coercion of another's liberty or ...
Persecutions, Coptic Coptic Persecutions (ACCORDING TO GREEK AND LATIN SOURCES) During the first two centuries the Church of Alexandria ...
Perseverance, Final Final Perseverance ( Perseverantia finalis ). Final perseverance is the preservation of the state of grace till ...
Persia Persia The history, religion, and civilization of Persia are offshoots from those of Media. Both Medes ...
Persian Rite East Syrian Rite Also known as the Chaldean, Assyrian, or Persian Rite. History and Origin This rite is used by ...
Persico, Ignatius Ignatius Persico A cardinal, born 30 Jan., 1823, at Naples, Italy ; died 7 Dec., 1896. He entered the Capuchin ...
Person Person The Latin word persona was originally used to denote the mask worn by an actor. From this it ...
Person, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Person In its etymological sense this expression signifies every person who forms a part of the external ...
Personality Personality It is proposed in this article to give an account: (1) of the physical constituents of ...
Persons, Robert Robert Persons (Also, but less correctly, P ARSONS ) Jesuit, b., at Nether Stowey, Somerset, 24 June, 1546; ...
Perth Perth (PERTHENSIS) Located in Western Australia, suffragan to Adelaide; bounded on the north by ...
Pertinax, Publius Helvius Pertinax Roman Emperor (31 Dec., 192), b. at Alba Pompeia, in Luguria, 1 August, 126; d. at Rome 28 ...
Peru Peru A republic on the west coast of South America, founded in 1821 after the war of independence, ...
Perugia Perugia (PERUSINA) Located in Umbria, Central Italy. The city is situated on a hill on the right of ...
Perugia, University of University of Perugia One of the "free" universities of Italy, was erected into a studium generale on 8 Sept., 1308, ...
Perugino Perugino (PIETRO VANNUCCI) An Italian painter, founder of the Umbrian school, born at Città ...
Peruzzi, Baldassare Baldassare Peruzzi An architect and painter, born at Siena, 7 March, 1481; died at Rome, 6 Jan., 1537. He derived ...
Pesaro Pesaro (PESAURENSIS) Located in central Italy. The city is situated at the mouth of the river ...
Pescennius Niger Pescennius Niger Emperor of Rome (193-194). He was a native of central Italy, and during the reigns of Marcus ...
Pesch, Tilman Tilman Pesch A Jesuit philosopher, b. at Cologne, 1 Feb., 1836; d. at Valkenberg, Holland, 18 Oct., 1899. He ...
Pescia Pescia (PISCIENSIS) Diocese in Tuscany, Italy, on the Rivers Pescia Maggiore and Pescia Minore, ...
Pessimism Pessimism I. A TEMPER OF MIND In popular language the term pessimist is applied to persons who ...
Pessinus Pessinus ( Pessinous .) A titular see of Galatia Secunda. Pessinonte, on the southern slope of Mt. ...
Pestalozzi and Pestalozzianism Pestalozzi and Pestalozzianism Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi, one of the greatest pioneers of modern education, born at Zurich, ...
Peter Baptist, Saint, and Twenty-Five Companions Sts. Peter Baptist and Twenty-Five Companions Died at Nagasaki, 5 Feb., 1597. In 1593 while negotiations were pending between the Emperor of ...
Peter Canisius, Blessed Blessed Peter Canisius (Kannees, Kanys, probably also De Hondt). Born at Nimwegen in the Netherlands, 8 May, 1521; ...
Peter Cantor Peter Cantor Theologian, b. probably at Gisberoi near Beauvais, France ; d. at Long Pont Abbey, 22 Sept., ...
Peter Cellensis Peter Cellensis (PETER DE LA CELLE). Bishop of Chartres, b. of noble parentage in Champagne; d. at Chartres, ...
Peter Chrysologus, Saint Saint Peter Chrysologus Born at Imola, 406; died there, 450. His biography, first written by Agnellus (Liber pontificalis ...
Peter Claver, Saint St. Peter Claver The son of a Catalonian farmer, was born at Verdu, in 1581; he died 8 September, 1654. He ...
Peter Comestor Peter Comestor Theological writer, b. at Troyes, date unknown; d. at Paris about 1178. He was first attached ...
Peter Damian, Saint St. Peter Damian (Or Damiani). Doctor of the Church, Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia, b. at Ravenna "five years ...
Peter de Blois Peter de Blois A statesman and theologian, born at Blois about 1130; died about 1203. He appears to have ...
Peter de Honestis Peter de Honestis Born at Ravenna about 1049; died, 29 March, 1119. Among his ancestors was the great St. Romuald, ...
Peter de Regalado, Saint Peter de Regalado (REGALATUS) A Friar Minor and reformer, born at Valladolid, 1390; died at Aguilera, 30 ...
Peter de Vinea Peter de Vinea (DE VINEIS, DELLA VIGNA) Born at Capua about 1190; died 1249. Peter's legal learning and the ...
Peter Faber, Saint Peter Faber Born 13 April, 1506, at Villaret, Savoy ; died 1 Aug., 1546, in Rome. As a child he tended his ...
Peter Fourier, Saint St. Peter Fourier Known as LE BON PÈRE DE MATTAINCOURT, born at Mirecourt, Lorraine, 30 Nov., 1565 died at ...
Peter Fullo Peter Fullo Intruding Monophysite Patriarch of Antioch ; d. 488. He received the Greek surname Gnapheus ...
Peter Gonzalez, Saint St. Peter Gonzalez Popularly known as St. Elmo, b. in 1190 at Astorga, Spain ; d. 15 April, 1246, at Tuy. He was ...
Peter Igneus, Blessed Blessed Peter Igneus (Peter Aldobrandini.) An Italian monk of the Benedictine congregation of the ...
Peter Lombard Peter Lombard Theologian, b. at Novara (or perhaps Lumello), Italy, about 1100; d. about 1160-64. He studied ...
Peter Mongus Peter Mongus ( moggos , "stammerer", or "hoarse".) Intruded Monophysite patriarch of Alexandria (d. ...
Peter Nolasco, Saint St. Peter Nolasco Born at Mas-des-Saintes-Puelles, near Castelnaudary, France, in 1189 (or 1182); died at ...
Peter of Alcántara, Saint St. Peter of Alcantara Born at Alcántara, Spain, 1499; died 18 Oct., 1562. His father, Peter Garavita, was the ...
Peter of Alexandria, Saint Peter of Alexandria Became Bishop of Alexandria in 300; martyred Nov., 311. According to Philip of Sidetes he ...
Peter of Aquila Peter of Aquila (SCOTELLUS). Friar Minor , theologian and bishop, b. at Aquila in the Abruzzi, Italy, towards ...
Peter of Arbues, Saint St. Peter of Arbues (Correctly, PETER ARBUES). Born in 1441 (or 1442); died 17 Sept., 1485. His father, a ...
Peter of Auvergne Peter of Auvergne A philosopher and theologian ; died after 1310. He was a canon of Paris ; some biographers ...
Peter of Bergamo Peter of Bergamo (ALMADURA) A theologian, date of birth unknown; died at Placentia, in 1482. He entered the ...
Peter of Montboissier, Blessed Blessed Peter of Montboissier (Better known as PETER THE VENERABLE). Born in Auvergne, about 1092; died at Cluny, 25 ...
Peter of Poitiers Peter of Poitiers A French scholastic theologian, born at Poitiers or in its neighbourhood about 1130; died in ...
Peter of Sebaste, Saint Saint Peter of Sebaste Bishop, b. about 340; d. 391. He belonged to the richly blest family of Basil and Emmelia of ...
Peter of Verona, Saint St. Peter of Verona Born at Verona, 1206; died near Milan, 6 April, 1252. His parents were adherents of the ...
Peter Snow, Venerable Ven. Peter Snow English martyr, suffered at York, 15 June, 1598. He was born at or near Ripon and arrived at the ...
Peter the Hermit Peter the Hermit Born at Amiens about 1050; d. at the monastery of Neufmoutier (Liège), in 1115. His ...
Peter Urseolus, Saint Saint Peter Urseolus (Orseolo) Born at Rivo alto, Province of Udina, 928; at Cuxa, 10 January, 987 (997 is less ...
Peter, Basilica of Saint Basilica of Saint Peter TOPOGRAPHY The present Church of St. Peter stands upon the site where at the beginning of the ...
Peter, Chair of Chair of Peter Under this head will be treated: I. The annual Feast of the Chair of Peter ( Cathedra Petri ) at ...
Peter, Saint St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles The life of St. Peter may be conveniently considered under the following heads: I. Until the ...
Peter, Saint, Epistles of Epistles of Saint Peter These two epistles will be treated under the following heads: I. Authenticity; II. Recipients, ...
Peter, Sarah Sarah Peter Philanthropist, b. at Chillicothe, Ohio, U.S.A. 10 May, 1800; d. at Cincinnati, 6 Feb., 1877. Her ...
Peter, Tomb of Saint Tomb of St. Peter The history of the relics of the Apostles Peter and Paul is one which is involved in ...
Peter-Louis-Marie Chanel, Saint St. Peter-Louis-Marie Chanel The print version of the C ATHOLIC E NCYCLOPEDIA contains two articles on this saint. We ...
Peterborough Peterborough (PETERBOROUGHENSIS) Located in the Province of Ontario , Canada, comprises the Counties of ...
Peterspence Peterspence Peterspence, otherwise known to the Anglo-Saxons as "Romescot", is the name traditionally given to ...
Peterssen, Gerlac Gerlac Peterssen (GERLACUS PETRI) Born at Deventer, 1377 or 1378; died 18 Nov., 1411. He entered the ...
Petinessus Petinessus (PITNISUS) A titular see in Galatia Secunda (Salutaris). This city is mentioned by Strabo, ...
Petit-Didier, Matthieu Matthieu Petit-Didier A Benedictine theologian and ecclesiastical historian, born at Saint-Nicolas-du-Port in ...
Petitions to the Holy See Petitions To the Holy See I. MODE OF PETITIONING Faculties, indults, dispensations, and other favours, the granting of ...
Petra Petra Titular metropolitan see of Palæstina Tertia. Under the name of Sela (the rock) this ...
Petrarch, Francesco Francesco Petrarch Italian poet and humanist, b. at Arezzo, 20 July, 1304; d. at Arquá, 19 July, 1374. His ...
Petre, Family of Family of Petre The Petres are one of those staunch and constant families, which have played a great part in the ...
Petrobrusians Petrobrusians Heretics of the twelfth century so named from their founder Peter of Bruys. Our information ...
Petronilla, Saint Saint Petronilla Virgin, probably martyred at Rome at the end of the first century. Almost all the sixth- and ...
Petronius, Saint St. Petronius Bishop of Bologna, date of birth unknown; died before 450. The only certain historical ...
Petropolis Petropolis (Petropolitanensis). Diocese in the Province of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, erected 11 Feb., ...
Petrus Alfonsus Petrus Alphonsus A converted Jew and controversialist, born at Huesca, in the former Kingdom of Aragon, 1062; ...
Petrus Bernardinus Petrus Bernardinus Florentine heretic ; born at Florence about 1475; died 1502. His parents were common folk, and ...
Petrus de Natalibus Petrus de Natalibus Bishop; author of a collection of lives of the saints; date of birth unknown; d. between 1400 and ...
Petrus Diaconus Petrus Diaconus The name of several men of note in ecclesiastical history and literature. (1) One of the ...
Petun Nation Petun Nation One of the three great divisions of the Huron Indians, the other two being the Hurons proper, and ...
Peuerbach, George von George von Peuerbach (Also Peurbach, Purbach, Purbachius) Austrian astronomer, b. at Peuerbach near Linz, 30 May, ...
Peutinger, Conrad Conrad Peutinger An antiquarian and humanist, born at Augsburg, 14 Oct., 1465; died 28 Dec., 1547. As a young ...
Peyto, William William Peyto (P ETO, P ETOW ). Cardinal ; d. 1558 or 1559. Though his parentage was long unknown, it is ...
Pez Pez, Bernhard and Hieronymus (1) BERNHARD An historian, born 22 February, 1683, at Ybbs near Melk ; died 27 March, 1735, at ...
Pfanner, Franz Franz Pfanner An abbot, born at Langen, Vorarlberg, Austria, 1825; died at Emmaus, South Africa, 24 May, ...
Pfefferkorn, Johannes Johannes Pfefferkorn A baptized Jew, b. probably at Nuremberg, 1469; d. at Cologne, between 1521 and 1524. In 1505, ...
Pfister, Adolf Adolf Pfister An educationist, born at Hechingen in Hohenzollern, 26 Sept., 1810; died at Ober-Dischingen in ...
Pflug, Julius Von Julius von Pflug The last Catholic Bishop of Naumburg-Zeitz, born at Eythra, near Leipzig, 1499; died at Zeits, ...
Pforta Pforta A former Cistercian monastery (1137-1540), near Naumburg on the Saale in the Prussian province ...
Phœnicia Phoenecia Phœnicia is a narrow strip of land, about one hundred and fifty miles long and thirty miles ...
Phacusa Phacusa A titular see and suffragan of Pelusium, in Augustamnica Prima. Ptolemy (IV, v, 24) makes it ...
Pharao Pharao (Prah, Par‘o, or, after a vowel, Phar‘o ; Greek Pharaó ; Latin Pharao). ...
Pharbætus Pharbaetus Titular see and suffragan of Leontopolis, in Augustamnica Secunda. This name is merely the ...
Pharisees Pharisees A politico-religious sect or faction among the adherents of later Judaism, that came into ...
Pharsalus Pharsalus Titular see and suffragan of Larissa in Thessaly. The city is mentioned for the first time after ...
Phaselis Phaselis Titular see in Lycia, suffragan of Myra. The city was a Doric colony on the Pamphylian Gulf. ...
Phasga Phasga (A.V. Pisgah ). Whether the word in Hebrew is a proper or a common noun is not clear; ...
Phenomenalism Phenomenalism Phenomenalism ( phainomenon ) literally means any system of thought that has to do with ...
Philadelphia (Lydia) Titular See of Philadelphia A titular see in Lydia, suffragan of Sardes. The city was founded by Philadelphus, King of ...
Philadelphia (Pennsylvania) Philadelphia (PHILADELPHIENSIS) A diocese established in 1808; made an archdiocese, 12 Feb., 1875, ...
Philanthropinism Philanthropinism The system of education educed from the ideas of Rousseau and of the German "Enlightenment", ...
Philastrius, Saint St. Philastrius Bishop of Brescia, died before 397. He was one of the bishops present at a synod held in ...
Philemon Philemon A citizen of Coloss Colossæ, to whom St. Paul addressed a private letter, unique in the ...
Philip II Philip II (King of Spain) King of Spain, only son of the Emperor Charles V, and Isabella of Portugal, b. at Valladolid, 21 ...
Philip II (Augustus) Philip II King of France, born 22 or 25 August, 1165; died at Mantes, 14 July, 1223, son of Louis VII ...
Philip IV Philip IV (The Fair) Surnamed Le Bel (the Fair) King of France, b. at Fontainebleau, 1268; d. there, 29 Nov., 1314; ...
Philip of Jesus, Saint St. Philip of Jesus Born in Mexico, date unknown; died at Nagasaki early in February, 1597. Though unusually ...
Philip of the Blessed Trinity Philip of the Blessed Trinity (ESPRIT JULIEN). Discalced Carmelite, theologian, born at Malaucene, near Avignon, 1603; died ...
Philip Romolo Neri, Saint St. Philip Romolo Neri THE APOSTLE OF ROME. Born at Florence, Italy, 22 July, 1515; died 27 May, 1595. Philip's ...
Philip the Apostle, Saint St. Philip the Apostle Like the brothers, Peter and Andrew, Philip was a native of Bethsaida on Lake Genesareth ( John ...
Philip the Arabian Philip the Arabian (Philippus) Emperor of Rome (244-249), the son of an Arab sheik, born in Bosra. He rose ...
Philippi Philippi (Greek Phílippoi , Latin Philippi ). Philippi was a Macedonian town, on the ...
Philippi Philippi A titular metropolitan see in Macedonia. As early as the sixth century B. C. we learn of a ...
Philippians, Epistle to the Epistle to the Philippians I. HISTORICAL CIRCUMSTANCES, OCCASION, AND CHARACTER ( See also PHILIPPI ). The Philippians, ...
Philippine Islands Philippine Islands Situation and Area The Philippine Islands lie between 116° 40' and 126° and 34' E. long., ...
Philippopolis Philippopolis A titular metropolitan see of Thracia Secunda. The city was founded by Philip of Macedon in 342 ...
Philippopolis Philippopolis Titular see in Arabia, suffragan of Bostra. Its bishop, Hormisdas, was present at the Council ...
Philips, Peter Peter Philips (Also known as PETRUS PHILIPPUS, PIETRO PHILLIPO.) Born in England about 1560; date and place ...
Philistines Philistines ( Septuagint phylistieim in the Pentateuch and Josue, elsewhere allophyloi , ...
Phillip, Robert Robert Phillip Priest, d. at Paris, 4 Jan., 1647. He was descended from the Scottish family of Phillip of ...
Phillips, George George Phillips A canonist, born at Königsberg, 6 Sept., 1804; died at Vienna, 6 September, 1872, was the son ...
Philo Judæus Philo of Alexandria Born about 25 B.C. . His family, of a sacerdotal line, was one of the most powerful of the ...
Philomelium Philomelium A titular see in Pisidia, suffragan of Antioch. According to ancient writers Philomelium was ...
Philomena, Saint Saint Philomena On 25 May, 1802, during the quest for the graves of Roman martyrs in the Catacomb of Priscilla, ...
Philosophy Philosophy I. Definition of Philosophy . II. Division of Philosophy . III. The Principal Systematic ...
Philoxenus Philoxenus (AKHSENAYA) OF MABBOGH. Born at Tahal, in the Persian province of Beth-Garmai in the second ...
Phocæa Titular See of Phocaea A titular see in Asia, suffragan of Ephesus. The town of Phocæa was founded in the ...
Photinus Photinus A heretic of the fourth century, a Galatian and deacon to Marcellus, Metropolitan of Ancyra ...
Photius of Constantinople Photius of Constantinople Photius of Constantinople, chief author of the great schism between East and West, was b. at ...
Phylacteries Phylacteries ( Phulachterion — safeguard, amulet, or charm). The word occurs only once in the New ...
Physics, History of History of Physics The subject will be treated under the following heads: I. A Glance at Ancient Physics; II. ...
Physiocrats Physiocrats ( physis , nature, kratein , rule) A school of writers on political and economic ...
Physiologus Physiologus An early Christian work of a popular theological type, describing animals real or fabulous ...
Piacenza Piacenza DIOCESE OF PIACENZA (PLACENTINENSIS) Piacenza is a diocese in Emilia, central Italy. The city ...
Pianô Carpine, Giovanni da Giovanni da Piano Carpine Born at Pian di Carpine (now called della Magione), near Perugia, Umbria, 1182; died probably in ...
Pianciani, Giambattista Giambattista Pianciani Scientist, b. at Spoleto, 27 Oct., 1784; d. at Rome, 23 March, 1862. He entered the Society of ...
Piatto Cardinalizio Piatto Cardinalizio An allowance granted by the pope to cardinals residing in curia or otherwise employed by ...
Piatus of Mons Piatus of Mons (Secular name, JEAN-JOSEPH LOISEAUX), b. 5 Aug., 1815; d. in the Monastery of Ste. Claire, ...
Piauhy Piauhy (DE PIAUHY, PIAHUNENSIS) Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Belem do Para, in the State of ...
Piazza Armerina Piazza Armerina (PLATIENSIS) Located in the province of Caltanissetta, Sicily. The city of Piazza Armerina is ...
Piazzi, Giuseppe Piazzi Astronomer, b. at Ponte in Valtellina, 16 July, 1746; d. at Naples, 22 July, 1826. He took the ...
Pibush, John John Pibush English martyr, born at Thirsk, Yorkshire; died at St Thomas's Waterings, Camberwell, 18 February, ...
Picard, Jean Jean Picard Astronomer, b. at La Flêche, 21 July, 1620; d. at Paris, 12 Oct., 1682. He was a priest ...
Piccolomini, Alessandro Alessandro Piccolomini Littérateur, philosopher, astronomer, b. 13 June, 1508; d. 12 March, 1578. He passed his ...
Piccolomini-Ammannati, Jacopo Jacopo Piccolomini-Ammannati A cardinal, born in the Villa Basilica near Lucca, 1422; died at San Lorenzo near Bolsena, 10 ...
Pichler Pichler A renowned Austrian family of gem-cutters who lived and died in Italy. ANTONIO (JOHANN ...
Pichler, Vitus Vitus Pichler Distinguished canonist and controversial writer, b. at Grosberghofen, 24 May, 1670; d. at Munich, ...
Pickering, Ven. Thomas Pickering Lay brother and martyr, a member of an old Westmoreland family, b. c. 1621; executed at Tyburn, ...
Piconio, Bernadine a Bernardine a Piconio (HENRI BERNARDINE DE PICQUIGNY) Born at Picquigny, Picardy, 1633; died in Paris, 8 December, ...
Picquet, François Francois Picquet A celebrated Sulpician missionary in Canada, b. at Bourg, Bresse, France, 4 Dec., 1708; d. at ...
Picture Bibles Picture Bibles In the Middle Ages the Church made use of pictures as a means of instruction, to supplement ...
Pie Pelicane, Jesu, Domine Pie Pelicane, Jesu, Domine The sixth quatrain of Adoro Te Devote , sometimes used as a separate hymn at Benediction of ...
Pie, Louis-Edouard-Désiré Louis-Edouard-Desire Pie Cardinal, born at Pontgouin, Diocese of Chartres, 1815; died at Angoulême, 1880. He studied ...
Pieck, Saint Nicholas St. Nicholas Pieck (Also spelled PICK). Friar Minor and martyr, b. at Gorkum, Holland, 29 August, 1534; d. at ...
Piedmont Piedmont ( Italian Piemonte ). A part compartimento of northern Italy, bounded on the north by ...
Piel, Peter Piel A pioneer in the movement for reform of church music, b. at Kessewick, near Bonn, 12 Aug., 1835; ...
Pierius Pierius A priest and probably head master of the catechetical school at Alexandria conjointly with ...
Pierre de Castelnau, Blessed Blessed Pierre de Castelnau Born in the Diocese of Montpellier , Languedoc, now Department of Hérault, France ; died ...
Pierre de Maricourt Pierre de Maricourt Surnamed PETER THE PILGRIM ( Petrus Peregrinus ) A physician of the Middle Ages. Under the ...
Pierron, Jean Jean Pierron A missionary, born at Dun-sur-Meuse, France, 28 Sept., 1631; date and place of death unknown. He ...
Pierson, Philippe Philippe Pierson Born at Ath, Hainaut (Belgium), 4 January, 1642; died at Lorette, Quebec, 1688. At the age of ...
Pietism Pietism Pietism is a movement within the ranks of Protestantism, originating in the reaction against the ...
Pighius, Albert Albert Pighius A theologian, mathematician, and astronomer, born at Kampen, Overyssel, Holland, about 1490; ...
Pignatelli, Venerable Giuseppe Maria Ven. Giuseppe Maria Pignatelli Born 27 December, 1737, in Saragossa, Spain ; died 11 November, 1811. His family was of ...
Pike, William William Pike Martyr, born in Dorsetshire; died at Dorchester, dec., 1591. He was a joiner, and lived at West ...
Pilar, Nuestra Señora del Nuestra Senora Del Pilar "Our Lady of the Pillar", a celebrated church and shrine, at Saragossa, Spain, containing a ...
Pilate, Pontius Pontius Pilate After the deposition of the eldest son of Herod, Archelaus (who had succeeded his father as ...
Pilchard, Venerable Thomas Venerable Thomas Pilchard ( Or PILCHER). Martyr, born at Battle, Sussex, 1557; died at Dorchester, 21 March 1586-7. ...
Pileolus Zucchetto ( zucca , head). The small, round skullcap of the ecclesiastic. The official name is ...
Pilgrimage of Grace Pilgrimage of Grace The name given to the religious rising in the north of England, 1536. The cause of this great ...
Pilgrimages Pilgrimages (Middle English, pilgrime, Old French, pelegrin, derived from Latin peregrinum, supposed ...
Piligrim Piligrim Bishop of Passau, date of birth unknown; died 20 May, 991. He was educated at the ...
Pillar of Cloud/Fire Pillar of Cloud (Pillar of Fire) (P ILLAR OF F IRE ). A cloud which accompanied the Israelites during their wandering. It ...
Pima Indians Pima Indians An important tribe of Southern Arizona, centering along the middle Gila and its affluent, the ...
Pinar del Rio Pinar Del Rio (Pinetensis ad Flumen) Located in Cuba, erected by the Brief "Actum præclare" of Leo ...
Pinara Pinara A titular see in Lycia, suffragan of Myra. Pinara was one of the chief cities of the Lycian ...
Pindemonte, Ippolito Ippolito Pindemonte An Italian poet of noble birth, born at Verona, 13 Nov., 1753; died there, 18 Nov., 1828. He ...
Pineda, John de John de Pineda Born in Seville, 1558; died there, 27 Jan., 1637. He entered the Society of Jesus in 1572, ...
Pinerolo Pinerolo (PINEROLIENSIS) Located in the province of Turin, in Piedmont, Northern Italy, suffragan of ...
Pingré, Alexandre Guy Alexandre Guy Pingre Born in Paris 11 September, 1711; died 1 May, 1796. He was educated in Senlis at the college ...
Pinna da Encarnaçao, Mattheus Mattheus Pinna Da Encarnacao A writer and theologian, born at Rio de Janeiro, 23 Aug., 1687; died there, 18 Dec., 1764. On 3 ...
Pinto, Fernão Mendes Fernao Mendes Pinto A Portuguese traveller, born at Montemor-o-Velho near Coimbra, c. 1509; died at Almada near ...
Pinturicchio Pinturicchio (BERNARDINO DI BETTO, surnamed PINTURICCHIO) Born at Verona, about 1454; died at Siena, 11 ...
Pinzón, Martín Alonso Martin Alonso Pinzon Spanish navigator and companion of Columbus on his first voyage to the New World, b. at Palos ...
Piombo, Sebastiano del Sebastiano Del Piombo More correctly known as S EBASTIANO L UCIANI . Venetian portrait painter, b. at Venice, ...
Pionius, Saint St. Pionius Martyred at Smyrna, 12 March, 250. Pionius, with Sabina and Asclepiades, was arrested on 23 ...
Pious Fund of the Californias, The The Pious Fund of the Californias (Fondo Piadoso de las Californias) The Pious Fund of the Californias had its origin, in 1697, ...
Pious Society of Missions, The The Pious Society of Missions Founded by Ven. Vincent Mary Pallotti in 1835. The members of the society are generally called ...
Piranesi, Giambattista Giambattista Piranesi An Italian etcher and engraver, b. at Venice, 1720; d. in Rome, 9 Nov., 1778. His uncle ...
Pirhing, Ernricus Ernricus Pirhing Born at Sigarthin, near Passau, 1606; died between 1678 and 1681. At the age of twenty-two he ...
Pirkheimer Pirkheimer Charitas Pirkheimer Abbess of the Convent of St. Clara, of the Poor Clares, in Nuremberg, and ...
Piro Indians Piro Indians A tribe of considerable importance, ranging by water for a distance of three hundred miles along ...
Pisa Pisa ARCHDIOCESE OF PISA (PISÆ) Archdiocese in Tuscany, central Italy. The city is situated ...
Pisa, Council of Council of Pisa Preliminaries. The great Schism of the West had lasted thirty years (since 1378), and none of ...
Pisa, University of University of Pisa In the eleventh century there were many jurisconsults at Pisa who lectured on law ; prominent ...
Pisano, Andrea Andrea Pisano Or ANDREA DA PISA (the name by which Andrea da Pontadera is known). An Italian sculptor and ...
Pisano, Niccola Niccola Pisano Architect and sculptor, b. at Pisa about 1205-07; d. there, 1278. He was the father of modern ...
Piscataway Indians Piscataway Indians A tribe of Algonquian linguistic stock formerly occupying the peninsula of lower Maryland ...
Piscina Piscina (Latin from piscis, a fish, fish-pond, pool or basin, called also sacrarium, thalassicon, or ...
Pise, Charles Constantine Charles Constantine Pise Priest, poet, and prose writer, b. at Annapolis, Maryland, 22 Nov., 1801; d. at Brooklyn, New ...
Pisidia Pisidia A country in the southwestern part of Asia Minor, between the high Phrygian tableland and the ...
Pistoia and Prato Pistoia and Prato (PISTORIENSIS ET PRATENSIS) Located in the Province of Florence. The city of Pistoia is ...
Pistoia, Synod of Synod of Pistoia Held 18 to 28 September, 1786, by Scipio de’ Ricci, Bishop of Pistoia and Prato. It marks ...
Pistorius, Johann Johann Pistorius A controversialist and historian, born at Nidda in Hesse, 14 February, 1546; died at Freiburg, 18 ...
Pithou, Pierre Pierre Pithou A writer, born at Troyes, 1 Nov. 1539; died at Nogent-sur-Seine, 1 Nov., 1596. His father, a ...
Pitoni, Joseph Joseph Pitoni A musician, born at Rieti, Perugia, Italy, 18 March, 1657; died at Rome, 1 Feb., 1743, and ...
Pitra, Jean-Baptiste-François Jean-Baptiste-Francois Pitra Cardinal, famous archeologist and theologian, b. 1 August, 1812, at Champforgeuil in the ...
Pitts, John John Pitts Born at Alton, Hampshire, 1560; died at Liverdun, Lorraine, 17 Oct., 1616. He was educated at ...
Pittsburgh Pittsburgh DIOCESE OF PITTSBURG/PITTSBURGH (PITTSBURGENSIS). Suffragan of Philadelphia, in the United ...
Pityus Pityus A titular see in Pontus Polemoniacus, suffragan of Neocæsarea. Pityus was a large and ...
Pius I, Pope Saint Pope St. Pius I Date of birth unknown; pope from about 140 to about 154. According to the earliest list of the ...
Pius II, Pope Pope Pius II (Enea Silvio de' Piccolomini). Born at Corsignano, near Siena, 18 Oct., 1405; elected 19 ...
Pius III, Pope Pope Pius III (Francesco Todeschini Piccolomini). B. at Siena, 29 May, 1439; elected 22 Sept., 1503; d. in ...
Pius IV, Pope Pope Pius IV (Giovanni Angelo Medici). B. 31 March, 1499, at Milan ; elected 26 December, 1559; d. in ...
Pius IX, Pope Pope Pius IX (G IOVANNI M ARIA M ASTAI -F ERRETTI ). Pope from 1846-78; born at Sinigaglia, 13 May, ...
Pius V, Pope Saint Pope St. Pius V (MICHELE GHISLERI). Born at Bosco, near Alexandria, Lombardy, 17 Jan., 1504 elected 7 Jan., ...
Pius VI, Pope Pope Pius VI (G IOVANNI A NGELICO B RASCHI ). Born at Cesena, 27 December, 1717; elected 15 ...
Pius VII, Pope Pope Pius VII (B ARNABA C HIARAMONTI ). Born at Cesena in the Pontifical States, 14 August, 1740; ...
Pius VIII, Pope Pope Pius VIII (Francesco Xaverio Castiglione). B. at Cingoli, 20 Nov., 1761; elected 31 March, 1829; d. 1 ...
Pius X, Pope Saint Pope Pius X (Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto). Born 2 June, 1835, at Riese, Province of Treviso, in Venice. His ...
Piusverein Piusverein The name given to Catholic associations in various countries of Europe. I. THE PIUS ...
Pizarro, Francisco Francisco Pizarro Born in Trujillo, Estremadura, Spain, probably in 1471; died at Lima, Peru, 26 June, 1541. He ...
Placidus, Saint St. Placidus St. Placidus, disciple of St. Benedict, the son of the patrician Tertullus, was brought as a ...
Plagues of Egypt Plagues of Egypt Ten calamities inflicted on the Egyptians to overcome Pharao's obstinacy and force him to let ...
Plain Chant Plain Chant By plain chant we understand the church music of the early Middle Ages, before the advent of ...
Plantaganet, Henry Beaufort Henry Beaufort Plantaganet Cardinal, Bishop of Winchester, born c. 1377; died at Westminster, 11 April, 1447. He was the ...
Plantin, Christophe Christophe Plantin Book-binder and publisher of Antwerp, b. 1514, at or near Tours ( France ); d. 1 July, 1589, at ...
Plants in the Bible Plants in the Bible When Moses spoke to the people about the Land of Promise, he described it as a "land of hills ...
Plasencia Plasencia (PLACENTINA) Plasencia comprises the civil provinces of Cáceres, Salamanca, and ...
Plateau, Joseph-Antoine Joseph-Antoine Plateau Belgian physicist, b. at Brussels, 14 Oct., 1801; d. at Ghent, 15 Sept., 1883. His father, a ...
Platina, Bartolomeo Bartolomeo Platina Originally named S ACCHI, b. at Piadena, near Mantua, in 1421; d. at Rome, 1481. He first ...
Plato and Platonism Plato and Platonism I. LIFE OF PLATO Plato ( Platon , "the broad shouldered") was born at Athens in 428 or 427 ...
Play, Pierre-Guillaume-Frédéric Le Pierre-Guillaume-Frederic Le Play A French economist, born at La Rivière (Calvados), 11 April, 1806; died at Paris, 5 ...
Plegmund Plegmund Archbishop of Canterbury, died 2 August, 914. He was a Mercian, and spent his early life near ...
Plenarium Plenarium A book of formulae and texts. Plenarium or Plenarius ( Liber ) is any book that contains ...
Plenary Council Plenary Council A canonical term applied to various kinds of ecclesiastical synods. The word itself, derived from ...
Plessis, Joseph-Octave Joseph-Octave Plessis Bishop of Quebec, born at Montreal, 3 March, 1763; died at Quebec, 4 Dec., 1822. He studied ...
Plethon, Georgius Gemistus Georgius Gemistus Plethon Born in Constantinople about 1355, died in the Peloponnesus, 1450. Out of veneration for Plato ...
Plock Plock (PLOCENSIS) Located in Russian Poland, suffragan of Warsaw, includes the district of Plock ...
Plowden, Charles Edmund Plowden Born at Plowden Hall, Shropshire, 1743; died at Jougne, Doubs, France, 13 June, 1821. He was ...
Plowden, Edmund Charles Plowden Born 1517-8; died in London, 6 Feb., 1584-5. Son of Humphrey Plowden of Plowden Hall, Shropshire, ...
Plowden, Francis Francis Plowden Son of William Plowden of Plowden Hall, b. at Shropshire, 8 June, 1749; d. at Paris, 4 Jan., ...
Plowden, Robert Robert Plowden Elder brother of Charles, born 27 January, 1740; died at Wappenbury, 27 June, 1823. He entered ...
Plowden, Thomas Thomas Plowden ( Alias Salisbury). Born in Oxfordshire, England, 1594; died in London, 13 Feb., 1664; ...
Plowden, Thomas Percy Thomas Percy Plowden Born at Shiplake, Oxfordshire, England, 1672; died at Watten, 21 Sept., 1745; joined the Society ...
Plumier, Charles Charles Plumier (botanical abbreviation, Plum .) A French botanist, born at Marseilles, 20 April, 1646; ...
Plunket, Blessed Oliver St. Oliver Plunket [ Editor's Note: St. Oliver Plunkett was canonized by Pope Paul VI on October 10, 1975.] ...
Pluscarden Priory Pluscarden Priory Founded in 1230 by Alexander III , King of Scotland, six miles from Elgin, Morayshire, for ...
Plymouth Plymouth (PLYMUTHENSIS, PLYMUTHÆ) Plymouth consists of the County of Dorset, which formed a ...
Pneumatomachi (Macedonians) Pneumatomachi (Macedonians) A heretical sect which flourished in the countries adjacent to the Hellespont ...
Poetry, Hebrew, of the Old Testament Hebrew Poetry of the Old Testament Since the Bible is divinely inspired, and thus becomes the "written word" of God, many devout ...
Poggio Bracciolini, Giovanni Francesco Poggio Bracciolini An Italian humanist and historian; born at Terranuova, near Arezzo, in 1380; died at Florence, ...
Poggio Mirteto Poggio Mirteto DIOCESE OF POGGIO MIRTETO (MANDELENSIS) Diocese in the province of Perugia, central Italy. The ...
Pogla Pogla ( ta Pogla ) Titular see in Pamphylia Secunda. Pogla is mentioned only by Ptolemy, V, 5, ...
Poitiers Poitiers D IOCESE OF P OITIERS (P ICTAVENSIS ) The Diocese of Poitiers includes the Departments of ...
Poland Poland I. GEOGRAPHY The western part of the Sarmatian Plain together with the northern slopes of the ...
Polding, John Bede John Bede Polding Archbishop of Sydney, born at Liverpool, 18 Oct., 1794; died at Sydney, 16 March, 1877. In 1805 ...
Pole, Blessed Margaret Blessed Margaret Pole Countess of Salisbury, martyr ; b. at Castle Farley, near Bath, 14 August, 1473; martyred at ...
Pole, Reginald Reginald Cardinal Pole Cardinal, b. at Stourton Castle, Staffordshire, England, in March, 1500; d. at Lambeth Palace, ...
Polemonium Polemonium Titular see in Pontus Polemoniacus, suffragan of Neocæsarea. At the mouth of the Sidenus, ...
Poleni, Giovanni Giovanni Poleni Marquess, physicist, and antiquarian; b. at Venice, 23 Aug., 1683; d. at Padua, 14 Nov., 1761; ...
Poles in the United States Poles in the United States Causes of Immigration There is good foundation for the tradition that a Pole, John of Kolno (a ...
Policastro Policastro DIOCESE OF POLICASTRO (POLICASTRENSIS) Diocese in the province of Salerno, Southern Italy. The ...
Polignac, Melchior de Melchior de Polignac Cardinal, diplomatist, and writer, b. of an ancient family of Auvergne, at Le Puy, France, 11 ...
Polish Literature Polish Literature The subject will be divided, for convenience of treatment, into historical periods. First ...
Politi, Lancelot Lancelot Politi (In religion AMBROSIUS CATHARINUS) Born at Siena, 1483; died at Naples, 1553. At sixteen he ...
Politian Politian (ANGIOLO DE 'AMBROSINI DA MONTE PULCIANO) An Italian Humanist, born at Monte Pulciano in 1454; ...
Political Economy, Science of Political Economy S CIENCE OF P OLITICAL E CONOMY (E CONOMICS ). I. DEFINITIONS Political economy (Greek, ...
Pollajuolo, Antonio and Piero Benci Antonio and Piero Benci Pollajuolo Antonio and Piero Benci Pollajuolo derived their surname, according to Florentine custom, from ...
Polo, Marco Marco Polo Traveller; born at Venice in 1251; died there in 1324. His father Nicolo and his uncle Matteo, ...
Polybotus Polybotus A titular see in Phrygia Salutaris, suffragan of Synnada. This town is mentioned only in the ...
Polycarp, Saint St. Polycarp Martyr (A.D. 69-155). Our chief sources of information concerning St. Polycarp are: (1) the ...
Polycarpus Polycarpus The title of a canonical collection in eight books composed in Italy by Cardinal Gregorius. It is ...
Polyglot Bibles Polyglot Bibles The first Bible which may be considered a Polyglot is that edited at Alcalá (in Latin ...
Polystylum Polystylum A titular see of Macedonia Secunda, suffragan of Philippi. When Philippi was made a ...
Polytheism Polytheism The belief in, and consequent worship of, many gods. See the various articles on national ...
Pomaria Pomaria A titular see in Mauretania Cæsarea. It is north of Tlemcen (capital of an arrondissement ...
Pombal, Marquis de Marquis de Pombal S EBASTIâO J OSÉ DE C ARVALHO E M ELLO The son of a country gentleman of ...
Pomerania Pomerania A Prussian province on the Baltic Sea situated on both banks of the River Oder, divided into ...
Pompeiopolis Pompeiopolis A titular see in Paphlagonia. The ancient name of the town is unknown; it may have been ...
Pomponazzi, Pietro Pietro Pomponazzi (POMPONATIUS, also known as PERETTO on account of his small stature) A philosopher and ...
Ponce de León, Juan Ponce de Leon Explorer, born at San Servas in the province of Campos, 1460; died in Cuba, 1521. He was ...
Ponce, John John Ponce A philosopher and theologian, born at Cork, 1603, died at Paris, 1670. At an early age he went ...
Poncet, Joseph Anthony de la Rivière Joseph Anthony de La Rivere Poncet Missionary; b. at Paris, 17 May, 1610; d. at Martinique, 18 June, 1675. He entered the Jesuit ...
Pondicherry Pondicherry (PONDICHERIANA OR PUDICHERIANA) Located in India, it is bounded on the east by the Bay of ...
Pontefract Priory Pontefract Priory Located in Yorkshire, England, a Cluniac monastery dedicated to St. John the Evangelist, founded ...
Pontian, Pope Saint Pope St. Pontian Dates of birth and death unknown. The "Liber Pontificalis" (ed. Duchesne, I, 145) gives Rome ...
Pontifical Colleges Pontifical Colleges In earlier times there existed in Europe outside of the city of Rome a large number of ...
Pontifical Decorations Pontifical Decorations Pontifical decorations are the titles of nobility, orders of Christian knighthood and other ...
Pontifical Mass Pontifical Mass Pontifical Mass is the solemn Mass celebrated by a bishop with the ceremonies prescribed in the ...
Pontificale Pontificale ( Pontificale Romanum ). A liturgical book which contains the rites for the performance ...
Pontificalia Pontificalia (PONTIFICALS). The collective name given for convenience sake to those insignia of the ...
Pontigny, Abbey of Abbey of Pontigny Second daughter of Cîteaux, was situated on the banks of the Serain, present Diocese of ...
Pontius Carbonell Pontius Carbonell Born at Barcelona, c. ú died c. 1320. Pontius and Carbonell are names frequently met with ...
Pontius Pilate Pontius Pilate After the deposition of the eldest son of Herod, Archelaus (who had succeeded his father as ...
Pontus Pontus In ancient times, Pontus was the name of the north-eastern province of Asia Minor , a long ...
Pools in Scripture Pools in Scripture In the English Bibles, the word "pool" stands for three Hebrew words: (1) 'agam means properly ...
Poona Poona (PUNENSIS) Diocese in India, comprises that portion of the Bombay Presidency which lies on ...
Poor Brothers of St. Francis Seraphicus Poor Brothers of St. Francis Seraphicus A congregation of lay brothers of the Third Order of St. Francis, instituted for charitable ...
Poor Catholics Poor Catholics ( Pauperes Catholici ) A religious mendicant order, organized in 1208, to reunite the ...
Poor Child Jesus, Sisters of the Sisters of the Poor Child Jesus A congregation founded at Aachen in 1844 for the support and education of poor, orphan, and ...
Poor Clares Poor Clares (POOR LADIES, SISTERS OF ST. CLARE) The Second Order of St. Francis. The subject will be treated ...
Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ Poor Handmaids of Jesus Christ A community founded by Catherine Kasper, a native of Dernbach, Germany. She was born 26 May, 1820, ...
Poor Handmaids of the Mother of God Poor Servants of the Mother of God A religious congregation founded in 1808 by Mother Mary Magdalen Taylor in conjunction with ...
Poor Laws Poor Laws Poor Laws are those legal enactments which have been made at various periods of the world's ...
Poor, Care of, by the Church Care of the Poor by the Church I. OBJECTS, HISTORY, AND ORGANIZATION A. The care of the poor is a branch of charity. In the ...
Poor, Little Sisters of the Little Sisters of the Poor An active, unenclosed religious congregation founded at St Servan, Brittany, 1839, through the ...
Poor, Sisters of the, of St. Francis Sisters of the Poor of St. Francis A Congregation, founded by the Venerable Mother Frances Schervier at Aachen in the year 1845, ...
Popayán Popayan (POPAYANENSIS) Popayán lies approximately between 1º 20' and 3º 2' north ...
Pope, Alexander Alexander Pope Poet, son of Alexander Pope and his second wife, Edith Turner, b. in London, England, 22 May, ...
Pope, The The Pope ( Ecclesiastical Latin papa from Greek papas , a variant of pappas father, in classical ...
Popes, Chronological Lists of the Chronological Lists of Popes See also POPE, LIST OF POPES, PAPAL ELECTIONS, ELECTION OF THE POPE. The historical lists ...
Popes, Election of the Election of the Popes For current procedures regarding the election of the pope, see Pope John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic ...
Popes, List of List of Popes See also POPE, PAPAL ELECTIONS, ELECTION OF THE POPE. St. Peter (32-67) St. Linus (67-76) ...
Poppo, Saint St. Poppo Abbot, born 977; died at Marchiennes, 25 January, 1048. He belonged to a noble family of ...
Popular Devotions Popular Devotions Devotion, in the language of ascetical writers, denotes a certain ardour of affection in the ...
Population, Theories of Overpopulation Theories Down to the end of the eighteenth century, very little attention was given to the relation between ...
Porch (or Vestibule, in Architecture) Vestibule (Porch) A hall projecting in front of the façade of a church, found from the fifth century both ...
Pordenone, Giovanni Antonio Giovanni Antonio Pordenone Italian painter, b. at Pordenone, 1483; d. at Ferrara, January, 1539. He is occasionally referred ...
Pordenone, Ordric of Odoric of Pordenone A Franciscan missionary of a Czech family named Mattiussi, born at Villanova near Pordenone, ...
Pormort, Ven. Thomas Ven. Thomas Pormort English martyr, b. at Hull about 1559; d. at St. Paul's Churchyard, 20 Feb., 1592. He was probably ...
Porphyreon Porphyreon Titular see, suffragan of Tyre in Phoenicia Prima. It is described in the "Notitia Episcopatuum" ...
Porphyrius, Saint St. Porphyrius Bishop of Gaza in Palestine, b. at Thessalonica about 347; d. at Gaza, 26 February, 420. ...
Porrecta, Serafino Serafino Porrecta Family name Capponi, called a Porrecta from the place of birth, theologian, b. 1536; d. at Bologna, ...
Port Augusta Port Augusta (PORTAUGUSTANA) This diocese is a suffragan of Adelaide, South Australia, created in ...
Port Louis Port Louis (PORTUS LUDOVICI) This diocese comprises the islands of Mauritius, Rodriguez, Chagos, and ...
Port of Spain Port of Spain (PORTUS HISPANIÆ) An archiepiscopal and metropolitan see, including the Islands of ...
Port Victoria Port Victoria (PORTUS VICTORIÆ SEYCHELLARUM.) Port Victoria comprises the Seychelles Islands in the ...
Port-au-Prince Port-Au-Prince (PORTUS PRINCIPIS) This archdiocese comprises the western part of the Republic of Haiti. Its ...
Port-Royal Port-Royal A celebrated Benedictine abbey which profoundly influenced the religious and literary life of ...
Porta, Carlo Carlo Porta Poet, b. at Milan in 1775; d. there 5 January, 1821; educated by the Jesuits at Monza and ...
Porta, Giacomo della Giacomo Della Porta Architect and sculptor, b. at Porlizza on Lake Lugano 1541; d. 1604. He was a pupil of ...
Portable Altar Portable Altar A portable altar consists of a solid piece of natural stone which must be sufficiently hard to ...
Portalegre Portalegre Suffragan diocese of Lisbon, Portugal, established by Pope Julius III in 1550. Its first ...
Porter Porter (Doorkeeper) (Also called DOORKEEPER. From ostiarius , Latin ostium , a door.) Porter denoted among ...
Porter, George George Porter Archbishop of Bombay, b. 1825 at Exeter, England ; d. at Bombay, 28 September, 1889. Of ...
Portiuncula Portiuncula (PORZIONCULA or PORZIUNCOLA). A town and parish situated about three-quarters of a mile from ...
Portland Portland, Maine Diocese in the State of Maine ; suffragan of Boston ; established by Pius IX, 8 Dec., 1854. ...
Porto Alegre Porto Alegre (PORTALEGRENSIS) Located in Eastern Brazil. Porto Alegre, the capital and chief port of the ...
Porto Alegre Port Alegre (PORTALEGREN) Porto Alegre comprises the southern part of the State of Minas Geraes, and part ...
Porto and Santa-Rufina Porto and Santa-Rufina (PORTUENSIS ET SANCTÆ RUFINÆ) This diocese was formed from the union of two ...
Porto Rico Puerto Rico (PUERTO RICO) The smallest and most easterly of the Greater Antilles, rectangular in shape, ...
Portoviejo Portoviejo (PORTUS VETERIS). A suffragan see of the Archdiocese of Quito, Republic of Ecuador. It was ...
Portraits of the Apostles Portraits of the Apostles The earliest fresco representing Christ surrounded by the Apostles dates from the beginning of ...
Portsmouth Portsmouth (PORTUS MAGNUS, or PORTEMUTHENSIS) This diocese was created by a Brief of Leo XIII , ...
Portugal Portugal I. GEOGRAPHY AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS Portugal is situated on the west of the Iberian ...
Portuguese East Africa Portugues East Africa Portuguese East Africa consists of the Province of Mozambique. Portuguese activity on that ...
Portuguese Literature Portuguese Literature The Portuguese language was developed gradually from the lingua rustica spoken in the countries ...
Portuguese West Africa Portuguese West Africa The name usually given to the Province of Angola. It has a coast line of 1015 miles from the ...
Positivism Positivism Positivism is a system of philosophical and religious doctrines elaborated by Auguste Comte. As ...
Possenti, Blessed Gabriel Bl. Gabriel Possenti Passionist student; renowned for sanctity and miracles ; born at Assisi, 1 March, 1838; died ...
Possession, Demonical Demonic Possession ( See also DEMONOLOGY, DEMONIACS, EXORCISM, EXORCIST.) Man is in various ways subject to the ...
Possevinus, Antonius Antonius Possevinus Theologian and papal envoy, b. at Mantua in 1533 or 1534; d. at Ferrara, 26 Feb., 1611. At ...
Possidius, Saint St. Possidius Bishop of Calama in Numidia, author of a short life of St. Augustine and of an indiculus or ...
Postcommunion Postcommunion The Communion act finishes the essential Eucharistic service. Justin Martyr (I Apol., lxv-lxvi) ...
Postgate, Nicholas Ven. Nicholas Postgate English martyr, b. at Kirkdale House, Egton, Yorkshire, in 1596 or 1597; d. at York, 7 August, ...
Postulant Postulant Postulancy is a preliminary stage to the novitiate existing from the institution of monasticism. ...
Postulation Postulation ( Latin postulare, to request) A postulation is a petition presented to a competent ...
Potawatomi Indians Potawatomi Indians An important tribe of Algonquin linguistic stock, closely related dialectically to the Ojibwa ...
Pothier, Robert Joseph Robert Joseph Pothier A celebrated French lawyer, b. at Orléans, 9 January, 1699; d. there, 2 March, 1772. His ...
Pouget, Jean-François-Albert du Jean-Francois-Albert du Pouget Marquis de Nadaillac, b. in 1817; d. at Rougemont, Cloyes, 1 October, 1904; the scion of an old ...
Pounde, Thomas Thomas Pounde Lay brother, b. at Beaumond (or Belmony), Farlington, Hampshire, 29 May, 1538; d. there, 26 Feb., ...
Poussin, Nicolas Nicolas Poussin French painter, b. at Les Andelys near Rouen in 1594; d. at Rome, 19 November, 1666. His early ...
Poverty Poverty I. THE MORAL DOCTRINE OF POVERTY Jesus Christ did not condemn the possession of worldly goods, or ...
Poverty and Pauperism Poverty and Pauperism See also CARE OF THE POOR BY THE CHURCH In a legal and technical sense, pauperism denotes the ...
Powel, Philip Philip Powel ( alias M ORGAN, alias P ROSSER ) Martyr, b. at Tralon, Brecknockshire, 2 Feb., 1594; d. ...
Powell, Blessed Edward Blessed Edward Powell With Blessed Thomas Abel there suffered Edward Powell, priest and martyr, b. in Wales about ...
Poynter, William William Poynter Born 20 May, 1762, at Petersfield, Hants; died 26 Nov., 1827, in London. He was educated at the ...
Pozzo, Andreas Andreas Pozzo (P UTEUS ) Italian painter and architect of the Baroque period, b. at Trent, 1642; d. at ...
Pozzuoli Pozzuoli (PUTEOLANA) The city of Pozzuoli in the province of Naples, southern Italy, on the gulf of ...
Prémare, Joseph Henri Marie de Joseph Henri Marie de Premare Joseph Henri Marie de Prémare, missionary and sinologist, born at Cherbourg, 17 July, 1666; ...
Prémontré, Abbey of Premontre Located about twelve miles west of Laon, Department of Aisne, France ; founded by St. Norbert. ...
Prüm Prum A former Benedictine abbey in Lorraine, now in the Diocese of Trier, founded by a Frankish ...
Prades, Jean-Martin de Jean-Martin de Prades A theologian, born about 1720 at Castelsarrasin ( Diocese of Montauban ), died in 1782 at ...
Prado, Jerome de Jerome de Prado Exegete, b. at Baeza in Spain, 1547; d. at Rome, 13 Jan., 1595. He entered the Society of ...
Praelatus Nullius Praelatus Nullius (i.e. Dioceseos) A prelate who exercises quasi-episcopal jurisdiction in a territory not ...
Pragmatic Sanction Pragmatic Sanction ( pragmatica sanctio , lex , jussio , also pragmatica or pragmaticum ) Pragmatic ...
Pragmatism Pragmatism Pragmatism, as a tendency in philosophy, signifies the insistence on usefulness or practical ...
Prague Prague (PRAGENSIS). An archdiocese in Bohemia. From about the middle of the sixth century Slavonic ...
Prague, University of University of Prague The University of Prague was founded by Charles IV with the consent of the Estates on the model ...
Praxeas Praxeas An early anti- Montanist, is known to us only by Tertullian's book "Adversus Praxean". His name ...
Praxedes and Pudentiana Praxedes and Pudentia Martyrs of an unknown era. The seventh-century itineraries to the graves of the Roman martyrs ...
Pray Brethren Orate Fratres The exhortation (" Pray brethren that my sacrifice and yours be acceptable to God the Father ...
Pray, George George Pray Abbot, canon, librarian of the University library of Buda, and important Hungarian historian, b. ...
Prayer Prayer (Greek euchesthai , Latin precari , French prier , to plead, to beg, to ask earnestly). ...
Prayer of Christ, Feast of the Feast of the Prayer of Christ This feast occurs on the Tuesday after Septuagesima (double major). Its object is to ...
Prayer of Quiet Prayer of Quiet The Prayer of Quiet is regarded by all writers on mystical theology as one of the degrees of ...
Prayer, Lord's Lord's Prayer Although the Latin term oratio dominica is of early date, the phrase "Lord's Prayer" does not ...
Prayer-Books Prayer-Books By "prayer-books" usage generally understands a collection of forms of prayer intended for ...
Prayers for the Dead Prayers For the Dead This subject will be treated under the following three heads: I. General Statement and Proof of ...
Preacher Apostolic Preacher Apostolic A dignitary of the pontifical household. As a regular function, under special Regulations, this ...
Preachers, Order of Order of Preachers As the Order of the Friars Preachers is the principal part of the entire Order of St. Dominic, we ...
Preadamites Preadamites The supposed inhabitants of the earth prior to Adam. Strictly speaking, the expression ought to be ...
Prebend Prebend The right of a member of a chapter to his share in the revenues of the cathedral ; also the ...
Precaria Precaria ( Preces , prayers ). A precaria is a contract granting to a petitioner the use and ...
Precedence Precedence ( Latin præcedere , to go before another). Precedence signifies the right to enjoy ...
Precentor Precentor (Latin Præcentor , from præ , before- cantor singer). A word describing ...
Precept Canonical Precept ( Precept: From the Latin præceptum from præcipere , to command). Precept , ...
Precious Blood Precious Blood The blood of our Divine Saviour. Jesus, at the Last Supper, ascribes to it the same life-giving ...
Precious Blood, Archconfraternity of the Most Archconfraternity of the Most Precious Blood Confraternities which made it their special object to venerate the Blood of Christ first arose in ...
Precious Blood, Congregation of the Most Congregation of the Most Precious Blood An association of secular priests living in community, whose principal aim is to give missions ...
Precious Blood, Congregations of the Congregations of the Precious Blood I. BERNADINES OF THE PRECIOUS BLOOD A congregation of nuns, no longer in existence, founded by ...
Precious Blood, Feast of the Most Feast of the Most Precious Blood For many dioceses there are two days to which the Office of the Precious Blood has been ...
Precipiano, Humbert-Guillaume de, Count Humbert-Guillaume de Precipiano Born at Besançon, 1626; died at Brussels, 7 June, 1711. Having studied the classics at ...
Preconization Preconization (Latin præconizare , to publish, from præco , herald, public crier) This word ...
Predestinarianism Predestinarianism Predestinarianism is a heresy not unfrequently met with in the course of the centuries which ...
Predestination Predestination Predestination ( Latin prœ , destinare ), taken in its widest meaning, is every Divine ...
Preface Preface ( Latin Præfatio ). The first part of the Eucharistic prayers ( Anaphora or Canon) in ...
Prefect Apostolic Prefect Apostolic ( Latin prœfectus, one put over or in charge of something) During the last few ...
Prefecture Apostolic (Supplemental List) Prefecture Apostolic (SUPPLEMENTAL LIST) An account is here given of the prefectures Apostolic that have been ...
Prelate Prelate Real Prelate, the incumbent of a prelature, i.e., of an ecclesiastical office with special and ...
Premonstratensian Canons Premonstratensian Canons (C ANONICI R EGULARES P RÆMONSTRATENSES ). Founded in 1120 by St. Norbert at ...
Presbyterianism Presbyterianism Presbyterianism in a wide sense is the system of church government by representative assemblies ...
Presbytery Presbytery The part of the church reserved for the higher clergy was known in antiquity by various names, ...
Prescription Prescription (Latin prœ , before, and scribere , to write, in later legal Latin involving the idea ...
Prescription in Civil Jurisprudence Prescription in Civil Jurisprudence Prescription "in some form and under some name" is said to have existed as a part of the municipal ...
Presence of God Presence of God Doctrinal All solid devotion and devotional practices must be founded upon the truths of ...
Presence, Real The Real Presence of Christ in the Eucharist In this article we shall consider: the fact of the Real Presence , which is, indeed, the central ...
Presentation Brothers Presentation Brothers In the early part of the nineteenth century when the Penal Laws were relaxed, and the ban which ...
Presentation of Mary, Congregation of the Congregation of the Presentation of Mary This congregation, devoted to the education of young girls, was founded in 1796 at Theuyts, ...
Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Feast of the Feast of the Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary The Protoevangel of James, the Gospel of Pseudo-Matthew, the Gospel of the Nativity of Mary, and ...
Presentation, Feast of the Candlemas Also called: Purification of the Blessed Virgin (Greek Hypapante ), Feast of the Presentation of ...
Presentation, Order of the Order of the Presentation An Order founded at Cork, Ireland, by Nano (Honoria) Nagle (see below). In 1775 she entered with ...
Presentation, Religious Congregations of the Religious Congregations of the Presentation (1) Daughters of the Presentation , founded in 1627 by Nicolas Sanguin (b. 1580; d. 1653), ...
Presentation, Right of Right of Presentation Out of gratitude for the foundation or endowment of churches and benefices, the Church grants ...
Prester John Prester John Name of a legendary Eastern priest and king. FIRST STAGE The mythical journey to Rome of a ...
Preston, Thomas Thomas Preston ( Alias R OGER W IDDRINGTON ). Benedictine, d. in the Clink prison, 5 April, 1640. He ...
Preston, Thomas Scott Thomas Scott Preston The Vicar-General of New York, prothonotary Apostolic, chancellor, distinguished convert, ...
Presumption Presumption (Latin praesumere , "to take before", "to take for granted"). Presumption is here ...
Presumption Presumption (IN CANON LAW) A term signifying a reasonable conjecture concerning something doubtful, drawn ...
Pretorium Pretorium This name is derived from the Latin prætorium, in later Greek tò ...
Pride Pride Pride is the excessive love of one's own excellence. It is ordinarily accounted one of the seven ...
Priene Priene A titular see of Asia Minor, suffragan of Ephesus. The foundation of the town of Priene dates ...
Priest Priest This word (etymologically "elder", from presbyteros , presbyter ) has taken the meaning of ...
Priest, Assistant Assistant Priest The assistant priest ( presbyter assistens , anciently called capellanus ) is the first and ...
Priest, High The High Priest The high-priest in the Old Testament is called by various names: the priest ( Numbers 3:6 ); ...
Priesthood Priesthood The word priest (Germ. Priester ; Fr. prêtre ; Ital. prete ) is derived from the ...
Priestly Perseverance, Association of Association of Priestly Perseverance A sacerdotal association founded in 1868 at Vienna, and at first confined to that Archdiocese. ...
Priests' Communion League Priests' Communion League An association of priests established at Rome on 20 July, 1906, in the Church of San ...
Priests' Eucharistic League Priests' Eucharistic League I. Object The Priests' Eucharistic League (Confraternitas sacerdotalis adorationis Sanctissimi ...
Priests, Confraternities of Confraternities of Priests Three confraternities of priests -- the Apostolic Union, the Priests' Eucharistic League, ...
Primacy Primacy (Latin primatus, primus , first). The supreme episcopal jurisdiction of the pope as ...
Primadicci, James James Primadicci (Or Primadizzi.) Born at Bologna; died in the same city in 1460. As early as the year 1426 he ...
Primate Primate (Lat. primas, from primus, "first"). In the Western Church a primate is a bishop ...
Prime Prime I. THE NAME The name Prime ( prima hora ) belongs with those of Terce, Sext, None, to the ...
Primer, The The Primer The common English name for a book of devotions which from the thirteenth to the sixteenth century ...
Primicerius Primicerius (Etymologically primus in cera , sc. in tabula cerata , the first in a list of a class of ...
Primus and Felician, Saints Sts. Primus and Felician Suffered martyrdom about 304 in the Diocletian persecution. The "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" ...
Prince Albert, Diocese of Prince Albert A suffragan see of St. Boniface, Manitoba, in the Province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Originally ...
Prior Prior A monastic superior. In the Rule of St. Benedict the term prior occurs several times, but ...
Prioress Prioress (Priorissa, Praeposita). A superioress in a monastic community for women. The term prioress ...
Priory Priory A monastery whose superior is a prior. The Dominicans, Augustinian Hermits, Carthusians, ...
Prisca, Saint St. Prisca She was a martyr of the Roman Church, whose dates are unknown. The name Prisca or Priscilla ...
Priscianus Priscianus Latin grammarian, born at Caesarea (Mauretania) , taught at Constantinople under Anastatius I ...
Priscilla and Aquila Aquila and Priscilla ( Or Prisca.) Jewish tentmakers, who left Rome (Aquila was a native of Pontus ) in the ...
Priscillianism Priscillianism This heresy originated in Spain in the fourth century and was derived from the Gnostic - ...
Prisons Prisons I. IN ANCIENT TIMES Many jurisconsults and Scriptural interpreters include imprisonment among ...
Prisons, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Prisons It is plain from many decrees in the "Corpus Juris Canonici" that the Church has claimed and ...
Privilege Privilege ( Latin, privilegium , like priva lex ) Privilege is a permanent concession made by a ...
Privileged Altar Privileged Altar An altar is said to be privileged when, in addition to the ordinary fruits of the Eucharistic ...
Privileges, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Privileges Ecclesiastical privileges are exceptions to the Law made in favour of the clergy or in favour ...
Proba, Faltonia Faltonia Proba A Christian poetess of the fourth century. The name Faltonia is doubtful and is apparently due ...
Probabilism Probabilism Probabilism is the moral system which holds that, when there is question solely of the ...
Probus, Marcus Aurelius Marcus Aurelius Probus Roman Emperor, 276-82, raised to the throne by the army in Syria to succeed Tacitus. Of humble ...
Probus, Tarachus, and Andronicus, Saints Sts. Tarachus, Probus, and Andronicus Martyrs of the Diocletian persecution (about 304). The "Martyrologium Hieronymian." contains the ...
Processional Cross Processional Cross A processional cross is simply a crucifix which is carried at the head of a procession, and ...
Processional, Roman Roman Processional Strictly speaking it might be said that the Processional has no recognized place in the Roman ...
Processions Processions Processions, an element in all ceremonial, are to be found, as we should expect, in almost every ...
Processus and Martinian, Saints Sts. Processus and Martinian The dates of these martyrs are unknown. The "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" (ed. De ...
Proclus, Saint St. Proclus Patriarch of Constantinople. Saint Proclus died in 446 or 447. Proclus came to the fore in the ...
Proconnesus Proconnesus (PRŒCONNESUS) A titular see in Hellespont. Proconnesus was the name of an island ...
Procopius of Caesarea Procopius of Caesarea Byzantine historian, b. in the latter years of the fifth century at Caesarea in Palestine , d. ...
Procter, Adelaide Anne Adelaide Anne Procter Poetess and philanthropist, b. in London, England, 30 October, 1825; d. in London, 2 February, ...
Procurator Procurator A person who manages the affairs of another by virtue of a charge received from him. There are ...
Profession, Religious Religious Profession HISTORICAL VIEW Profession may be considered either as a declaration openly made, or as a state ...
Promise, Divine Divine Promise (In Scripture) The term promise in Holy Writ both in its nominal and verbal form embraces not only promises ...
Promotor Fidei Promotor Fidei (P ROMOTER OF THE F AITH ). An official of the Roman Congregation of Rites. The office ...
Promulgation Promulgation ( Latin promulgare, to make known, to post in public). I. PROMULGATION IN GENERAL This is the ...
Proof Proof Proof is the establishment of a disputed or controverted matter by lawful means or arguments. ...
Propaganda, Sacred Congregation of Sacred Congregation of Propaganda The Sacred Congregation de Propaganda Fide , whose official title is "sacra congregatio ...
Propagation of the Faith, The Society for the Society for the Propagation of the Faith This society is an international association for the assistance by prayers and alms of ...
Property Property I. NOTION OF PROPERTY The proprietor or owner of a thing, in the current acceptation of the word, ...
Property, Ecclesiastical Church Property Abstract Right of Ownership That the Church has the right to acquire and possess temporal ...
Property, Ecclesiastical, in the United States Ecclesiastical Property in the United States The Third Plenary Council of Baltimore decreed (tit. IX, cap. i, n. 264): "We must hold, ...
Prophecy Prophecy As the term is used in mystical theology , it applies both to the prophecies of canonical ...
Prophecy, Prophet, and Prophetess Prophecy, Prophet, and Prophetess I. IN THE OLD TESTAMENT A. Introduction Yahweh had forbidden Israel all kinds of oracles in ...
Proprium Proprium The Proprium de tempore and the Proprium Sanctorum form in the present liturgy the two ...
Proschko, Franz Isidor Franz Isidor Proschko A well-known Austrian author, born at Hohenfurt, Bohemia, 2 April, 1816; died at Vienna, 6 ...
Prose or Sequence Prose or Sequence I. DEFINITION AND GENERAL DESCRIPTION The Sequence ( Sequentia )–or, more accurately as ...
Proselyte Proselyte ( proselytos , stranger or newcomer; Vulgate, advena ). The English term "proselyte" ...
Proske, Karl Karl Proske Born at Grobing in Upper Silesia, 11 Feb., 1794; died 20 Dec., 1861. He took his degree as Doctor ...
Prosper of Aquitaine, Tiro Tiro Prosper of Aquitaine The first sure date in the life of Prosper is that of his letter to St. Augustine written ...
Protasius and Gervasius, Saints Sts. Gervasius and Protasius Martyrs of Milan, probably in the second century, patrons of the city of Milan and of ...
Protector, Altar Altar Protector A cover made of cloth, baize or velvet which is placed on the table of the altar, during the ...
Protectorate of Missions Protectorate of Missions The right of protection exercised by a Christian power in an infidel country with regard to ...
Protectories Protectories The institutions for the shelter and training of the young, designed to afford neglected or ...
Protestant Episcopal Church Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America The history of this religious organization divides itself naturally into two portions: the period ...
Protestantism Protestantism The subject will be treated under the following heads, viz.: I. Origin of the Name. II. ...
Prothonotary Apostolic Prothonotary Apostolic A member of the highest college of prelates in the Roman Curia, and also of the honorary ...
Protocol Protocol The formula used at the beginning of public acts drawn up by notaries, e.g., mention of the reign, ...
Protopope Protopope A priest of higher rank in the Orthodox and Byzantine Catholic Churches, corresponding in ...
Protus and Hyacinth, Saints Sts. Protus and Hyacinth Martyrs during the persecution of Valerian (257-9). The day of their annual commemoration is ...
Prout, Father Father Prout The name by which the Rev. Francis Sylvester Mahony (O'Mahony), author of "The Bells of ...
Provancher, Léon Abel Leon Abel Provancher Naturalist, b. 10 March, 1820, in the parish of Béconcourt, Nicolet county, Province of ...
Proverbs, Book of Proverbs One of the Sapiential writings of the Old Testament placed in the Hebrew Bible among the ...
Providence, Congregations of (I) Daughters of Providence Founded at Paris, by Madame Polaillon (Marie de Lumague), a devout widow. In 1643 Madame ...
Providence, Congregations of (II) Sisters of Providence (St. Mary-of-the-Woods) Among the teaching religious orders that originated in France at ...
Providence, Congregations of (III) Sisters of Charity of Providence SISTERS OF CHARITY The Sisters of xxyyyk.htm">Providence, known also as Sisters of ...
Providence, Congregations of (IV) Sisters of Sainte Anne of Providence Founded at Turin in 1834 by the Marchesa Julia Falletti de Barolo for the care of children and ...
Providence, Congregations of (V) Sisters of the Institute of Charity of Providence SISTERS OF THE INSTITUTE OF CHARITY An offshoot from the Sisters of xxyyyk.htm">Providence, ...
Providence, Diocese of Providence, Rhode Island (PROVIDENTIENSIS) Co-extensive with the State of Rhode Island . When erected (17 Feb., 1872) ...
Providence, Divine Divine Providence ( Latin, Providentia ; Greek, pronoia ). Providence in general, or foresight, is a ...
Province, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Province The name given to an ecclesiastical administrative district under the jurisdiction of an ...
Provincial Provincial An officer acting under the superior general of a religious order, and exercising a general ...
Provincial Council Provincial Council A deliberative assembly of the bishops of an ecclesiastical province, summoned and presided ...
Provision, Canonical Canonical Provincial Canonical Provision is a term signifying regular induction into a benefice, comprising three ...
Provisors, Statute of Statue of Provisors The English statute usually so designated is the 25th of Edward III, St. 4 (1350-1), otherwise ...
Provost Provost (Latin, prœpositus; French, prévôt; German, Probst ) Anciently (St. ...
Prudence Prudence (Latin prudentia , contracted from providentia , seeing ahead). One of the four ...
Prudentius Prudentius (GALINDO) A Bishop of Troyes, born in Spain ; died at Troyes on 6 April, 861; celebrated ...
Prudentius, Aurelius Clemens Aurelius Clemens Prudentius A Christian poet, born in the Tarraconensis, Northern Spain, 348; died probably in Spain, ...
Prusias ad Hypium Prusias Ad Hypium Titular see, suffragan of Claudiopolis in the Honoriad. Memnon, the historian, says that Prusias ...
Prussia Prussia The Kingdom of Prussia at the present time covers 134,616 square miles and includes about 64.8 ...
Przemysl Przemysl (PREMISLIENSIS) Latin see in Galicia, suffragan of Lemberg. After conquering Halicz and ...
Przemysl, Sambor, and Sanok Przemysl, Sambor, and Sanok (PREMISLIENSIS, SAMBORIENSIS, ET SANOCHIENSIS) A Græco-Ruthenian Uniat diocese of ...
Psalms Psalms The Psalter, or Book of Psalms, is the first book of the "Writings" ( Kethubhim or Hagiographa ...
Psalms, Alphabetic Alphabetic Psalms Alphabetic psalms are so called because their successive verses, or successive parallel series, ...
Psalterium Psalterium The Psalterium, or Book of the Psalms, only concerns us here in so far as it was transcribed ...
Psaume, Nicholas Nicholas Psaume (also PSAULME, PREAUME, Latin PSALMÆUS) Bishop of Verdun, born at Chaumont-sur-Aire in ...
Psellus, Michael Michael Psellus ( Michael ho Psellos ), Byzantine statesman, scholar, and author, born apparently at ...
Psychology Psychology (Greek psyche, logos ; Latin psychologia; French psychologie; German Seelenkunde ) In ...
Psychotherapy Psychotherapy (from the Greek psyche , "mind", and therapeuo , "I cure") Psychotherapy is that ...
Ptolemais Ptolemais Ptolemais, a titular see in Egypt, metropolis of Thebais Secunda. Ptolemais owes its name to ...
Ptolemais Ptolemais (SAINT-JEAN D'ACRE) Ptolemais, a titular metropolis in Phoenicia Prima, or Maritima. The ...
Ptolemy the Gnostic Ptolemy the Gnostic A heretic of the second century and personal disciple of Valentinus. He was probably still ...
Public Authority Civil Authority Civil Authority is the moral power of command, supported (when need be) by physical coercion, ...
Public Honesty (Decency) Public Honesty (Decency) A diriment matrimonial impediment consisting in a relationship, which arises from a valid ...
Publican Publican Publican , in the Gospels, is derived from the publicanus of the Vulgate, and signifies a ...
Pueblo Indians Pueblo Indians NAME From the Spanish word meaning "village" or "town". A term used collectively to designate ...
Puget, Pierre Pierre Puget A painter, sculptor, architect, and naval constructor, born at Marseilles, 31 Oct., 1622; died ...
Pugh, George Ellis George Ellis Pugh A jurist and statesman, born at Cincinnati, Ohio., 28 November, 1822; died there, 19 July, 1876. ...
Pugin, Augustus Welby Northmore Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin Architect and archeologist, born in London, 1 March, 1812; died at Ramsgate, 14 September, 1852; ...
Puiseux, Victor-Alexandre Victor-Alexandre Puiseux French mathematician and astronomer, b. 16 April, 1820, at Argenteuil (Seine-et-Oise); d. 9 ...
Pulaski, Casimir Casimir Pulaski Patriot and soldier, b. at Winiary, Poland, 4 March, 1748; d. on the Wasp, in the harbour of ...
Pulati Pulati (The Diocese of Pulati: Pulatensis or Polatinensis ). The ancient Pulati in Albania no ...
Pulcheria, Saint Saint Pulcheria Empress of the Eastern Roman Empire, eldest daughter of the Emperor Arcadius, b. 19 Jan., 399; d. ...
Pulci, Luigi Luigi Pulci An Italian poet, born at Florence, 15 Aug., 1432; died at Padua in 1484. The Pulci gave many ...
Pullen, Robert Robert Pullen (POLENIUS, PULLAN, PULLEIN, PULLENUS, PULLY, LA POULE) See also ROBERT PULLEN. Died 1147 (?). ...
Pullus, Robert Robert Pullus (PULLEN, PULLAN, PULLY.) See also ROBERT PULLEN. Cardinal, English philosopher and ...
Pulpit Pulpit ( Latin pulpitum , a stage or scaffold) An elevated stand to preach on. To elucidate the ...
Punishment, Capital Capital Punishment (Death Penalty) The infliction by due legal process of the penalty of death as a punishment for crime. The ...
Puno Puno DIOCESE OF PUNO (PUNIENSIS) Suffragan of the Archdiocese of Lima in Peru. Its jurisdiction ...
Purcell, John Baptist John Baptist Purcell Archbishop of Cincinnati, born at Mallow, Ireland, 26 Feb., 1800; died at the convent of the ...
Purgative Way State Or Way (Purgative, Illuminative, Unitive) The word state is used in various senses by theologians and spiritual writers. It may be ...
Purgatorial Societies Purgatorial Societies Pious associations or confraternities in the Catholic Church, which have as their purpose to ...
Purgatory Purgatory The subject is treated under these heads: I. Catholic Doctrine II. Errors III. Proofs IV. Duration ...
Purgatory, St. Patrick's St. Patrick's Purgatory Lough Derg, Ireland. This celebrated sanctuary in Donegal, in the Diocese of Clogher, dates ...
Purim Purim (P HURIM ). The origin of the name is disputed: some derive it from the Persian pure ...
Puritans Puritans One of the chief difficulties in studying the various movements loosely spoken of as Puritanism is ...
Pusey and Puseyism Pusey and Puseyism Edward Bouverie Pusey, born at Pusey House, Berkshire, 22 Aug., 1800; died at Ascot Priory, ...
Pustet Pustet The name of a family of well-known Catholic publishers. The original home of the Pustets was ...
Putative Marriage Putative Marriage Putative (Latin, putativus supposed) signifies that which is commonly thought, reputed, or ...
Puteanus, Erycius Erycius Puteanus (ERRIJCK DE PUT) Born at Venloo, in Dutch Limbourg, 4 Nov., 1574; died at Louvain, 17 Sept., ...
Putzer, Joseph Joseph Putzer Theologian and canonist, b. at Rodaneck, Tyrol, 4 March, 1836; d. at Ilchester, Md., 15 May, ...
Puvis de Chavannes, Pierre Pierre Puvis de Chavannes French painter, b. at Lyons, 14 Dec., 1824; d. at Paris, 24 Oct., 1898. Through his father ...
Puyallup Indians Puyallup Indians An important tribe of Salishan linguistic stock, formerly holding the territory along the river of ...
Pyrker, Johann Ladislaus von Oberwart Johann Ladislaus von Oberwart Pryker (FELSÖ-EÖR) He was born at Langh near Stuhlweissenburg, Hungary, 2 Nov., 1772; died ...
Pyrrhonism Pyrrhonism Pyrrhonism is a system of scepticism, the founder of which was Pyrrho, a Greek philosopher, ...
Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism Pythagoras and Pythagoreanism Pythagoras, the Greek philosopher and mathematician and founder of the Pythagorean school, ...
Pyx Pyx The word pyx (Lat., pyxis , which transliterates the Greek, pyxis , box-wood receptacle, ...

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