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Francis Baldwin

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(Also Baudoin).

A celebrated jurist, b. 1 January, 1520 at Arras, then part of the German Empire ; d. 24 October, 1573, at Paris. He was sent in his early youth to Louvain, where he studied jurisprudence with great success. At the end of his studies he came to the court of the Emperor Charles V (1519-56) at Brussels. He subsequently travelled extensively, appearing at Paris and Geneva several times and teaching successively at Bourges (1549-56), Strasburg, Heidelberg, Douai, Paris, and Angers. The assertion of his sevenfold change of religion from Catholicism to Calvinism and from Calvinism to Catholicism cannot be substantiated. But it is certain that, in the earlier part of his life, he exhibited toward the Calvinistic system a friendliness incompatible with sound Catholic convictions. This attitude for some time recommended him to princes for the settlement of religious questions interesting both Catholics and Protestants. His attachment to the Faith gradually grew stronger, however, and beginning with the year 1560, he made a serious study of ecclesiastical questions, successfully defending the Catholic religion against Calvin. He died a devout Catholic in the arms of the celebrated Spanish Jesuit, Maldonatus.

Baldwin was a very prolific writer on juridical and ecclesiastical topics. Among his works are: "Constantinus Magnus" (Basle, 1556; Strasburg, 1612); "Minucii Felicis Octavius" (Heidelberg, 1560). He is the first to ascribe the "Octabius" to Minucius Felix ; "S. Optati Libri Sex de Schismate Donatistarum" (Paris, 1563); "Discours sur le fait de la Réforme" (Paris, 1564).

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Félix, Célestin Joseph Celestin Joseph Felix French Jesuit, b. at Neuville-sur-l' Escaut (Nord), 28 June 1810; d. at Lille, 7 July, 1891. He ...
Fénelon, François de Salignac de la Mothe- Francois Fenelon A celebrated French bishop and author, b. in the Château de Fénelon in ...
Féval, Paul-Henri-Corentin Paul-Henri-Corentin Feval Novelist, b. at Rennes, 27 September, 1817; d. in Paris, 8 March 1887. He belonged to an old ...
Förster, Arnold Arnold Forster German entomologist; b. at Aachen, 20 Jan., 1810; d. in the same city, 12 Aug., 1884. His father ...
Führich, Joseph Joseph Fuhrich (Born 1800; died 1876.) Joseph Führich was as Catholic in his art as in his life. He was ...
Fünfkirchen Fuenfkirchen ( Hungarian PÉCS, QUINQUE ECCLESIENSIS) Located in Hungary, in the ecclesiastical ...
Fürstenberg, Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Franz Friedrich Wilhelm von Furstenberg A statesman and educator, b. 7 August, 1729, at Herdringen in Westphalia ; d. 16 September, 1810, ...
Façade Facade The face or front of any building. In ecclesiastical architecture the term is generally used to ...
Faa di Bruno, Francesco Francesco Faa di Bruno An Italian mathematician and priest, born at Alessandria, 7 March, 1825; died at Turin, 26 ...
Faber, Felix Felix Faber German writer, born about 1441 at Zurich, of a famous family commonly known as Schmid; died in ...
Faber, Frederick William Frederick William Faber Oratorian and devotional writer, b. 28 June, 1814, at Calverley, Yorkshire, England ; d. in ...
Faber, Johann Johann Faber Theologian, b. at Leutkirch, in Swabia, 1478; d. in Vienna, 21 May, 1541. He studied ...
Faber, Johann Johann Faber Johann Faber of Heilbronn, controversialist and preacher; b. 1504, at Heilbronn in Wittenberg ; ...
Faber, Johann Augustanus Johann Augustanus Faber Theologian, born at Fribourg, Switzerland, c. 1470; died about 1531. He entered the Dominican ...
Faber, Matthias Matthias Faber Writer and preacher, born at Altomünster, Germany, 24 February, 1586; died at Tyrnau, 26 ...
Faber, Peter, Saint Peter Faber Born 13 April, 1506, at Villaret, Savoy ; died 1 Aug., 1546, in Rome. As a child he tended his ...
Faber, Philip Philip Faber (Or Fabri.) Theologian, philosopher and noted commentator of Duns Scotus ; born in 1564, at ...
Fabian, Pope Saint Pope Saint Fabian (FABIANUS) Pope (236-250), the extraordinary circumstances of whose election is related by ...
Fabiola, Saint St. Fabiola A Roman matron of rank, died 27 December, 399 or 400. She was one of the company of noble Roman ...
Fabre, Joseph Joseph Fabre Second Superior General of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate, born 14 November, 1824, at Cuges, ...
Fabri, Honoré Honore Fabri (Lefèvre.) Jesuit, theologian, b. about 1607 in the Department of Ain, France ; d. at ...
Fabri, Philip Philip Faber (Or Fabri.) Theologian, philosopher and noted commentator of Duns Scotus ; born in 1564, at ...
Fabriano and Matelica Fabriano and Matelica Diocese of Fabriano and Matelica (Fabrianensis et Mathelicensis). Fabriano, a city in the ...
Fabrica Ecclesiæ Fabrica Ecclesiae A Latin term, meaning, etymologically, the construction of a church, but in a broader sense the ...
Fabricius, Hieronymus Hieronymus Fabricius (Surnamed ab Aquapendente ). Distinguished Italian anatomist and surgeon, b. in the little ...
Fabyan, Robert Robert Fabyan English chronicler, died 28 February, 1513. He was a London clothier, a member of the Drapers' ...
Facciolati, Jacopo Jacopo Facciolati Lexicographer and philologist, b. at Torreglia, near Padua, Italy, 4 Jan., 1682; d. at Padua, 26 ...
Fact, Dogmatic Dogmatic Fact (1) Definition By a dogmatic fact , in wider sense, is meant any fact connected with a dogma ...
Faculties of the Soul Faculties of the Soul I. MEANING Whatever doctrine one may hold concerning the nature of the human soul and its ...
Faculties, Canonical Canonical Faculties ( Latin Facultates ) In law, a faculty is the authority, privilege, or permission, to ...
Facundus of Hermiane Facundus of Hermiane A sixth-century Christian author, Bishop of Hermiane in Africa, about whose career very little ...
Faenza Faenza DIOCESE OF FAENZA (FAVENTINA) Diocese in the province of Ravenna (Central Italy ), suffragan ...
Fagnani, Prospero Prospero Fagnani Canonist, b. in Italy, place and date of birth uncertain; d. in 1678. Some writers place his ...
Fagnano, Guilio Carlo de' Toschi di Guilio Carlo De' Toschi Di Mathematician, born at Sinigaglia, Italy, 26 September, 1682; died there 18 May, 1766. He made ...
Faillon, Etienne-Michel Etienne-Michel Faillon Historian, born at Tarascon, France, 3 January, 1800; died at Paris, 25 October, 1870. He studied ...
Faith Faith I. THE MEANING OF THE WORD ( Pistis , fides). In the Old Testament , the Hebrew means ...
Faith, Hope, and Charity (Saints) Sts. Faith, Hope and Charity The names of two groups of Roman martyrs around whom a considerable amount of legendary lore has ...
Faith, The Rule of The Rule of Faith The word rule ( Latin regula , Gr. kanon ) means a standard by which something can be ...
Faithful, The The Faithful ( Latin fideles , from fides , faith.) Those who have bound themselves to a religious ...
Falco, Juan Conchillos Juan Conchillos Falco Painter, b. at Valencia of an ancient noble family in 1641; d. 14 May, 1711. He was a pupil of ...
Faldstool Faldstool (Latin faldistorium ; also facistorium, faudestolus, faudestola ). A movable folding ...
Falkner, Thomas Thomas Falkner Born 6 Oct., 1707; died 30 Jan., 1784. He was the son of Thomas Falkner, a Manchester ...
Fall River Fall River DIOCESE OF FALL RIVER (RIVERORMENSIS), U.S.A. A suffragan see of the Province of Boston ; ...
Fallopio, Gabriello Gabriello Fallopio Anatomist, "one of the most important of the many-sided physicians of the sixteenth century" ...
Falloux du Coudray Vicomte de Falloux du Coudray Frédéric Alfred Pierre, Vicomte de Falloux du Coudray Born at Angers, 7 March, ...
False Decretals False Decretals (The Decretals of the Pseudo-Isidore) False Decretals is a name given to certain apocryphal ...
Falsity Falsity ( Latin Falsitas .) A perversion of truth originating in the deceitfulness of one party, and ...
Famagusta Famagusta A titular see in the Island of Cyprus. The name appears to be derived from the Greek ...
Familiars Familiars Strictly speaking, seculars subject to a master's authority and maintained at his expense. In this ...
Family Family A term derived from the Latin, famulus , servant, and familia , household servants, or the ...
Fano Fano (FANENSIS.) Fano, the ancient Fanum Fortunæ, a city of the Marches in the province of ...
Fanon Fanon A shoulder-cape worn by the pope alone, consisting of two pieces of white silk ornamented with ...
Faraud, Henri Henri Faraud Titular Bishop of Anémour and first Vicar Apostolic of Athabasca-Mackenzie , Canada ; ...
Farfa, Abbey of Abbey of Farfa Situated about 26 miles from Rome, not far from the Farfa Sabina Railway station. A legend in the ...
Fargo Fargo (FARGUS; FARGENSIS) Diocese ; suffragan of St. Paul, U.S.A., embracing the whole of the State ...
Faribault, George-Barthélemy George-Barthelemy Faribault An archaeologist, b. at Quebec, Canada, 3 Dec., 1789; d. 1866. He was a first cousin of ...
Faribault, Jean-Baptiste Jean-Baptiste Faribault A trader with the Indians and early settler in Minnesota, U.S.A.; b. 19 October, 1774, at ...
Farinato, Paolo Paolo Farinato An Italian painter, b. at Verona 1524; d. there, 1606. He belonged to the old Florentine ...
Faringdon, Blessed Hugh Bl. Hugh Faringdon ( Vere COOK). English martyr ; b. probably at Faringdon, Berkshire, date unknown; d. at ...
Farlati, Daniele Daniele Farlati An ecclesiastical historian, b. at San Daniele del Friuli in the present Italian province of ...
Farnese, Alessandro Alessandro Farnese The name of two cardinals. For the elder see POPE PAUL III. The young Alessandro Farnese -- ...
Faro Faro (Portugal) (PHARENSIS) A suffragan of Evora, Portugal, and extending over the province of Algarve. The ...
Faroe Islands Faroe Islands Geography and Statistics A group of Danish islands rising from the sea some four hundred miles ...
Fast Fast In general abstinence from food or drink, a term common to the various Teutonic tongues. Some ...
Fatalism Fatalism Fatalism is in general the view which holds that all events in the history of the world, and, in ...
Fate Fate ( Latin fatum, from fari, to tell or predict ). This word is almost redundant in the ...
Fathers of Mercy, The The Fathers of Mercy A congregation of missionary priests first established at Lyons, France, in 1808, and later at ...
Fathers of the Church Fathers of the Church The Appeal to the Fathers Classification of Patristic Writings Apostolic Fathers and the Second ...
Fathers, The Apostolic The Apostolic Fathers Christian writers of the first and second centuries who are known, or are considered, to have had ...
Faunt, Lawrence Arthur Lawrence Arthur Faunt A Jesuit theologian, b. 1554, d. at Wilna, Poland, 28 February, 1590-91. After two years at ...
Fauriel, Charles-Claude Charles-Claude Fauriel A historian, b. at St-Etienne, France, 27 October, 1772; d. at Paris,15 July, 1844. He studied ...
Faustinus and Jovita, Saints Sts. Faustinus and Jovita Martyrs, members of a noble family of Brescia ; the elder brother, Faustinus, being a priest, ...
Faustus of Riez Faustus of Riez Bishop of Riez ( Rhegium ) in Southern Gaul (Provence), the best known and most distinguished ...
Faversham Abbey Faversham Abbey A former Benedictine monastery of the Cluniac Congregation situated in the County of Kent ...
Faye, Hervé-Auguste-Etienne-Albann Herve-Auguste-Etienne-Albans Faye An astronomer, b. at Saint-Benoît-du-Sault (Indre, France ), Oct., 1814; d. at Paris, 4 ...
Fear (from a Moral Standpoint) Fear (From a Moral Standpoint) (CONSIDERED FROM A MORAL STANDPOINT.) Fear is an unsettlement of soul consequent upon the ...
Fear (in Canon Law) Fear (In Canon Law) (IN CANON LAW.) A mental disturbance caused by the perception of instant or future danger. ...
Feast of Fools Feast of Fools A celebration marked by much license and buffoonery, which in many parts of Europe, and ...
Feasts, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Feasts ( Latin Festum ; Greek heorte ). Feast Days, or Holy Days, are days which are celebrated in ...
Febronianism Febronianism The politico-ecclesiastical system outlined by Johann Nikolaus von Hontheim, Auxiliary Bishop of ...
Feckenham, John de John de Feckenham Last Abbot of Westminster, and confessor of the Faith ; b. in Feckenham Forest, ...
Feder, Johann Michael Johann Michael Feder A German theologian, b. 25 May, 1753, at Oellingen in Bavaria ; d. 26 July, 1824, at ...
Feilding, Rudolph William Basil Rudolph William Basil Feilding The eighth Earl of Denbigh, and ninth Earl of Desmond, b. 9 April, 1823; d. 1892. He was educated ...
Feilmoser, Andreas Benedict Andreas Benedict Feilmoser A theologian and Biblical scholar, b. 8 April, 1777, at Hopfgarten, Tyrol; d. at Tübingen, ...
Felbiger, Johann Ignaz von Johann Ignaz von Felbiger A German educational reformer, pedagogical writer, and canon regular of the Order of St. ...
Felician and Primus, Saints Sts. Primus and Felician Suffered martyrdom about 304 in the Diocletian persecution. The "Martyrologium Hieronymianum" ...
Felician Sisters, O.S.F. Felician Sisters, O.S.F. Founded 21 November, 1855, at Warsaw, Poland, by Mother Mary Angela, under the direction of ...
Felicissimus Felicissimus A deacon of Carthage who, in the middle of the third century, headed a short-lived but dangerous ...
Felicitas and Perpetua, Saints Sts. Felicitas and Perpetua Martyrs, suffered at Carthage, 7 March 203, together with three companions, Revocatus, Saturus, ...
Felicitas, Saint St. Felicitas MARTYR. The earliest list of the Roman feasts of martyrs, known as the "Depositio Martyrum" ...
Felix and Adauctus, Saints Sts. Felix and Adauctus Martyrs at Rome, 303, under Diocletian and Maximian. The Acts, first published in Ado's ...
Felix and Nabor, Saints Sts. Nabor and Felix Martyrs during the persecution of Diocletian (303). The relics of these holy witnesses to the ...
Felix I, Pope Saint Pope St. Felix I Date of birth unknown; d. 274. Early in 269 he succeeded Saint Dionysius as head of the Roman ...
Felix II Felix II Pope (more properly Antipope ), 355-358; d. 22 Nov., 365. In 355 Pope Liberius was ...
Felix III (II), Pope Saint Pope St. Felix III (Reigned 483-492). Born of a Roman senatorial family and said to have been an ancestor of ...
Felix IV (III), Pope Saint Pope Felix IV (Reigned 526-530). On 18 May, 526, Pope John I died in prison at Ravenna, a victim of the ...
Felix of Cantalice, Saint St. Felix of Cantalice A Capuchin friar, b. at Cantalice, on the north-western border of the Abruzzi; d. at Rome, 18 ...
Felix of Nola, Saint St. Felix of Nola Born at Nola, near Naples, and lived in the third century. After his father's death he ...
Felix of Valois, Saint St. Felix of Valois Born in 1127; d. at Cerfroi, 4 November, 1212. He is commemorated 20 November. He was surnamed ...
Felix V Felix V Regnal name of Amadeus of Savoy, Antipope (1440-1449). Born 4 December, 1383, died at ...
Feller, François-Xavier de Francois Xavier de Feller An author and apologist, b. at Brussels 18 August, 1735; d. at Ratisbon 22 May, 1802. He ...
Feneberg, Johann Michael Nathanael Johann Michael Nathanael Feneberg Born in Oberdorf, Allgau, Bavaria, 9 Feb., 1751; died 12 Oct., 1812. He studied at Kaufbeuren and ...
Fenn, John John Fenn Born at Montacute near Wells in Somersetshire; d. 27 Dec., 1615. He was the eldest brother of Ven. ...
Ferber, Nicolaus Nicolaus Ferber A Friar Minor and controversialist, born at Herborn, Germany, in 1485; died at Toulouse, 15 ...
Ferdinand II Ferdinand II Emperor, eldest son of Archduke Karl and the Bavarian Princess Maria, b. 1578; d. 15 February, ...
Ferdinand III, Saint St. Ferdinand III King of Leon and Castile, member of the Third Order of St. Francis, born in 1198 near ...
Ferdinand, Blessed Blessed Ferdinand Prince of Portugal, b. in Portugal, 29 September, 1402; d. at Fez, in Morocco, 5 June, 1443. He ...
Ferdinando, Luigi, Count de Marsigli Luigi Ferdinando, Count de Marsigli Italian geographer and naturalist, b. at Bologna 10 July, 1658; d. at Bologna 1 Nov., 1730. He ...
Ferentino, Diocese of Ferentino (FERENTINUM) In the province of Rome, immediately subject to the Holy See. The town was in ...
Fergus, Saints Sts. Fergus St. Fergus Cruithneach Died about 730, known in the Irish martyrologies as St. Fergus ...
Feria Feria ( Latin for "free day"). A day on which the people, especially the slaves, were not obliged ...
Ferland, Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Ferland A French Canadian historian, b. at Montreal, 25 December, 1805; d. at Quebec, 11 January, ...
Fermo, Archdiocese of Fermo (FIRMANA). In the province of Ascoli Piceno (Central Italy ). The great antiquity of the ...
Fernández de Palencia, Diego Diego Fernandez de Palencia A Spanish conqueror and historian; b. at Palencia in the early part of the sixteenth century. ...
Fernández, Antonio Antonio Fernandez A Jesuit missionary; b. at Lisbon, c. 1569; d. at Goa, 12 November, 1642. About 1602 he was ...
Fernández, Juan Juan Fernandez A Jesuit lay brother and missionary; b. at Cordova ; d. 12 June, 1567, in Japan. In a letter ...
Ferns Ferns DIOCESE OF FERNS (FERNENSIS). Diocese in the province of Leinster ( Ireland ), suffragan of ...
Ferrara Ferrara A RCHDIOCESE OF F ERRARA (F ERRARIENSIS ). Archdiocese immediately subject to the Holy ...
Ferrari, Gaudenzio Gaudenzio Ferrari An Italian painter and the greatest master of the Piedmontese School, b. at Valduggia, near ...
Ferraris, Lucius Lucius Ferraris An eighteenth-century canonist of the Franciscan Order. The exact dates of his birth and death ...
Ferre, Vicente Vicente Ferre Theologian, b. at Valencia, Spain ; d. at Salamanca in 1682. He entered the Dominican Order ...
Ferreira, Antonio Antonio Ferreira A poet, important both for his lyric and his dramatic compositions, b. at Lisbon, Portugal, in ...
Ferrer, Rafael Rafael Ferrer A Spanish missionary and explorer; b. at Valencia, in 1570; d. at San José, Peru, in ...
Ferrer, Saint Vincent St. Vincent Ferrer Famous Dominican missionary, born at Valencia, 23 January, 1350; died at Vannes, Brittany, 5 ...
Ferrières, Abbey of Abbey of Ferrieres Situated in the Diocese of Orléans , department of Loiret, and arrondissement of ...
Ferstel, Heinrich, Freiherr von Heinrich, Freiherr von Ferstel Architect; with Hansen and Schmidt, the creator of modern Vienna ; b. 7 July, 1828, at Vienna ; ...
Fesch, Joseph Joseph Fesch Cardinal, b. at Ajaccio, Corsica, 3 January, 1763; d. at Rome, 13 May, 1839. He was the son of a ...
Fessler, Josef Josef Fessler Bishop of St. Polten in Austria and secretary of the Vatican Council ; b. 2 December, 1813, at ...
Fetherston, Blessed Richard Bl. Richard Fetherston Priest and martyr ; died at Smithfield, 30 July, 1540. He was chaplain to Catharine of Aragon ...
Feti, Domenico Domenico Feti An Italian painter ; born at Rome, 1589; died at Venice, 1624. He was a pupil of Cigoli ...
Fetishism Fetishism Fetishism means the religion of the fetish. The word fetish is derived through the Portuguese ...
Feuardent, François Francois Feuardent A Franciscan, theologian, preacher of the Ligue, b. at Coutanees, Normandy, in 1539; d. at ...
Feuchtersleben, Baron Ernst von Baron Ernst von Feuchtersleben An Austrian poet, philosopher, and physician; born at Vienna, 29 April, 1806; died 3 September, ...
Feudalism Feudalism Etymology This term is derived from the Old Aryan pe'ku , hence Sanskrit pacu , "cattle"; ...
Feuillants Feuillants The Cistercians who, about 1145, founded an abbey in a shady valley in the Diocese of Rieux ...
Feuillet, Louis Louis Feuillet (FEUILLÉE) Geographer, b. at Mane near Forcalquier, France, in 1660; d. at Marseilles ...
Feyjóo y Montenegro, Benito Jerónimo Benito Jeronimo Feyjoo y Montenegro A celebrated Spanish writer, b. at Casdemiro, in the parish of Santa Maria de Molias, Galicia, ...
Fiacc, Saint St. Fiacc (Lived about 415-520.) A poet, chief bishop of Leinster, and founder of two churches. His ...
Fiacre, Saint St. Fiacre Abbot, born in Ireland about the end of the sixth century; died 18 August, 670. Having been ...
Ficino, Marsilio Marsilio Ficino A philosopher, philologist, physician, b. at Florence, 19 Oct., 1433; d. at Correggio, 1 Oct, ...
Ficker, Julius Julius Ficker (More correctly Caspar von Ficker). Historian, b. at Paderborn, Germany, 30 April, 1826; d. at ...
Fideism Fideism (Latin fides , faith). A philosophical term meaning a system of philosophy or an ...
Fidelis of Sigmaringen, Saint St. Fidelis of Sigmaringen Born in 1577, at Sigmaringen, Prussia, of which town his father Johannes Rey was burgomaster; ...
Fiesole Fiesole DIOCESE OF FIESOLE (FÆSULANA). Diocese in the province of Tuscany, suffragan of Florence. ...
Figueroa, Francisco de Francisco de Figueroa A celebrated Spanish poet, surnamed "the Divine", b. at Alcalá de Henares, c. 1540, d. ...
Figueroa, Francisco García de la Rosa Francisco Garcia de la Rosa Figueroa Franciscan, b. in the latter part of the eighteenth century at Toluca, in the Archdiocese of ...
Fiji, Vicariate Apostolic of Vicariate Apostolic of Fiji Comprising the islands belonging to the Fiji Archipelago. This archipelago forms the central ...
Filby, Blessed William Blessed William Filby Blessed William Filby Born in Oxfordshire between 1557 and 1560; suffered at Tyburn, 30 May, ...
Filelfo, Franscesco Francesco Filelfo A humanist, b. at Tolentino, 25 July, 1398; d. at Florence 31 July, 1481. He studied grammar, ...
Filial Church Filial Church (Latin filialis , from filia , daughter), a church to which is annexed the cure of souls , ...
Filicaja, Vincenzo da Vincenzo Da Filicaja Lyric poet; born at Florence, 30 December, 1642; died there 24 September, 1707. At Pisa he was ...
Filioque Filioque Filioque is a theological formula of great dogmatic and historical importance. On the one ...
Fillastre, Guillaume Guillaume Fillastre (Philastrius) French cardinal, canonist, humanist, and geographer, b. 1348 at La Suze, Maine, France ; d. at ...
Filliucci, Vincenzo Vincenzo Filliucci Jesuit moralist; b. at Sienna, Italy, 1566; d. at Rome 5 April, 1622. Having entered the Society ...
Filliucius, Felix Felix Filliucius (Or, as his name is more often found, in its Italian form, FIGLIUCCI). An Italian humanist, a ...
Final Perseverance Final Perseverance ( Perseverantia finalis ). Final perseverance is the preservation of the state of grace till ...
Finan, Saint St. Finan Second Bishop of Lindisfarne ; died 9 February, 661. He was an Irish monk who had been ...
Finbarr, Saint St. Finbarr (Lochan, Barr). Bishop and patron of Cork, born near Bandon, about 550, died at Cloyne, 25 ...
Finch, Ven. John Ven. John Finch A martyr, b. about 1548; d. 20 April, 1584. He was a yeoman of Eccleston, Lancashire, and a ...
Finglow, Ven. John Ven. John Finglow An English martyr ; b. at Barnby, near Howden, Yorkshire; executed at York, 8 August, 1586. He ...
Finland Finland Note: This article was taken from the 1909 edition of the Catholic Encyclopedia, and is presented ...
Finnian of Moville, Saint St. Finnian of Moville Born about 495; died 589. Though not so celebrated as his namesake of Clonard, he was the ...
Finotti, Joseph M. Joseph M. Finotti Born at Ferrara, Italy, 21 September, 1817; died at Central City, Colorado, 10 January, 1879. ...
Fintan, Saints Sts. Fintan St. Fintan of Clonenagh A Leinster saint, b. about 524; d. 17 February, probably 594, or at least ...
Fioretti di San Francesco d'Assisi Fioretti di San Francesco d'Assisi Little Flowers of Francis of Assisi , the name given to a classic collection of popular legends ...
Fire, Liturgical Use of Liturgical Use of Fire Fire is one of the most expressive and most ancient of liturgical symbols. All the creeds of ...
Firmament Firmament (Septuagint stereoma ; Vulgate, firmamentum ). The notion that the sky was a vast solid ...
Firmicus Maternus Firmicus Maternus Christian author of the fourth century; wrote a work "De errore profanarum religionum". Nothing ...
Firmilian Firmilian Bishop of Cæsarea in Cappadocia, died c. 269. He had among his contemporaries a reputation ...
First-Born First-Born The word, though casually taken in Holy Writ in a metaphorical sense, is most generally used by ...
First-Fruits First-Fruits The practice of consecrating first-fruits to the Deity is not a distinctly Jewish one (cf. ...
Fiscal Procurator Fiscal Procurator ( Latin PROCURATOR FISCALIS). The duties of the fiscal procurator consist in preventing ...
Fischer, Antonius Antonius Fischer Archbishop of Cologne and cardinal, b. at Julich, 30 May, 1840; d. at Neuenahr, 30 July, 1912. ...
Fish, Symbolism of the Symbolism of the Fish Among the symbols employed by the primitive Christians, that of the fish ranks probably first in ...
Fisher, Philip Philip Fisher (An alias , real name THOMAS COPLEY) Missionary, b. in Madrid, 1595-6; d. in Maryland, U. ...
Fisherman, The Ring of the The Ring of Fisherman The earliest mention of the Fisherman's ring worn by the popes is in a letter of Clement IV ...
Fitter, Daniel Daniel Fitter Born in Worcestershire, England, 1628; died at St. Thomas' Priory, near Stafford, 6 Feb., 1700. ...
Fitton, James James Fitton Missionary, b. at Boston, Massachusetts, U.S.A. , 10 April, 1805; d. there, 15 Sept., 1881. His ...
Fitz-Simons, Thomas Thomas Fitz-Simons American merchant, b. in Ireland, 1741; d. at Philadelphia, U.S.A. 26 Aug., 1811. There is no ...
Fitzalan, Henry Henry Fitzalan Twelfth Earl of Arundel, b. about 1511; d. in London, 24 Feb., 1580 (O.S. 1579). Son of William, ...
FitzGibbon, Catherine Sister Irene (Catherine Fitzgibbon) (Catherine FitzGibbon.) Born in London, England, 12 May, 1823; died in New York, 14 August, ...
Fitzherbert, Anthony, Sir Sir Anthony Fitzherbert Judge, b. in 1470; d. 27 May, 1538. He was the sixth son of Ralph Fitzherbert of Norbury, ...
Fitzherbert, Maria Anne Maria Anne Fitzherbert Wife of King George IV; b. 26 July, 1756 (place uncertain); d. at Brighton, England, 29 March, ...
Fitzherbert, Thomas Thomas Fitzherbert Born 1552, at Swynnerton, Staffs, England ; died 17 Aug., 1640, at Rome. His father having died ...
Fitzpatrick, William John William John Fitzpatrick Historian, b. in Dublin, Ireland, 31 Aug., 1830; d. there 24 Dec., 1895. The son of a rich ...
Fitzralph, Richard Richard Fitzralph Archbishop of Armagh, b. at Dundalk, Ireland, about 1295; d. at Avignon, 16 Dec., 1360. He ...
Fitzsimon, Henry Henry Fitzsimon (Fitz Simon). Jesuit, b. 1566 (or 1569), in Dublin, Ireland ; d. 29 Nov., 1643 (or 1645), ...
Fixlmillner, Placidus Placidus Fixlmillner Astronomer, b. at Achleuthen near Kremsmünster, Austria, in 1721; d. at Kremsmünster, ...
Fizeau, Armand-Hippolyte-Louis Armand-Hippolyte-Louis Fizeau Physicist, b. at Paris, 23 Sept., 1819; d. at Nanteuil, Seine-et-Marne, 18 Sept., 1896. His ...
Fléchier, Esprit Esprit Flechier Bishop; b. at Pernes, France, 1632; died at Montpellier, 1710; member of the Academy, and ...
Flórez, Enrique Enrique Florez Spanish theologian, archeologist, and historian; born at Valladolid, 14 February, 1701; died at ...
Flabellum Flabellum The flabellum, in liturgical use, is a fan made of leather, silk, parchment, or feathers ...
Flaccilla, Ælia Aelia Flaccilla ( Plakilla ) Empress, wife of Theodosius the Great , died c. A. D. 385 or 386. Like ...
Flagellants Flagellants A fanatical and heretical sect that flourished in the thirteenth and succeeding centuries, Their ...
Flagellation Flagellation The history of the whip, rod, and stick, as instruments of punishment and of voluntary penance, ...
Flaget, Benedict Joseph Benedict Joseph Flaget First Bishop of Bardstown (subsequently of Louisville ), Kentucky, U.S.A. b. at Contournat, ...
Flanagan, Thomas Canon Thomas Canon Flanagan Born in England in 1814, though Irish by descent; died at Kidderminster, 21 July, 1865. He was ...
Flanders Flanders (Flemish VLAENDEREN; German FLANDEREN; French FLANDRE). Designated in the eighth century a ...
Flandrin, Jean-Hippolyte Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin French painter, b. at Lyons, 23 March, 1809; d. at Rome, 21 March, 1864. He came of a family of ...
Flathead Indians Flathead Indians A name used in both Americas, without special ethnologic significance, to designate tribes ...
Flathers, Ven. Mathew Ven. Mathew Flathers ( Alias Major). An English priest and martyr ; b. probably c. 1580 at Weston, Yorkshire, ...
Flavia Domitilla Flavia Domitilla A Christian Roman matron of the imperial family who lived towards the close of the first ...
Flavian, Saint St. Flavian Bishop of Constantinople, date of birth unknown; d. at Hypæpa in Lydia, August, 449. ...
Flavias Flavias A titular see of Cilicia Secunda. Nothing is known of its ancient name and history, except that ...
Flavigny, Abbey of Abbey of Flavigny A Benedictine abbey in the Diocese of Dijon, the department of Côte-d'Or, and ...
Flaviopolis Flaviopolis A titular see in the province of Honorias. The city, formerly called Cratia, originally belonged ...
Flemael, Bertholet Bertholet Flemael (The name was also spelled FLEMALLE and FLAMAEL). Painter, b. at Liège, Flanders, in ...
Fleming, Patrick Patrick Fleming Franciscan friar b. at Lagan, Couny Louth, Ireland, 17 April, 1599; d. 7 November, 1631. His ...
Fleming, Richard Richard Fleming (FLEMMING, FLEMMYNGE). Bishop of Lincoln and founder of Lincoln College, Oxford; b. of a ...
Fleming, Thomas Thomas Fleming Archbishop of Dublin, son of the Baron of Slane, b. in 1593; d. in 1665. He studied at thy ...
Fletcher, John John Fletcher A missionary and theologian, b. at Ormskirk, England, of an old Catholic family ; educated at ...
Flete, William William Flete An Augustinian hermit friar, a contemporary and great friend of St. Catherine of Siena ; the ...
Fleuriot, Zénaide-Marie-Anne Zenaide-Marie-Anne Fleuriot A French novelist, b. at Saint-Brieuc, 12 September, 1829; d. at Paris, 18 December, 1890. She ...
Fleury, Abbey of Abbey of Fleury ( More completely FLEURY-SAINT-BENOÎT) One of the oldest and most celebrated ...
Fleury, André-Hercule de Andre-Hercule de Fleury Born at Lodève, 26 June, 1653; died at Paris, 29 January, 1742. He was a ...
Flodoard Flodoard (Or FRODOARD) French historian and chronicler, b. at Epernay in 894; d. in 966. He was ...
Flood of Noah Deluge Deluge is the name of a catastrophe fully described in Genesis 6:1 - 9:19 , and referred to in the ...
Floreffe, Abbey of Abbey of Floreffe Pleasantly situated on the right bank of the Sambre, about seven miles southwest of Namur, ...
Florence Florence (Latin Florentia ; Italian Firenze ). ARCHDIOCESE OF FLORENCE (FLORENTINA). Located in ...
Florence of Worcester Florence of Worcester English chronicler; all that is known of his personal history is that he was a monk of ...
Florence, Council of Council of Florence The Seventeenth Ecumenical Council was, correctly speaking, the continuation of the Council of ...
Florentina, Saint St. Florentina Virgin ; born towards the middle of the sixth century; died about 612. The family of St. ...
Florian, Jean-Pierre Claris, Chevalier de Jean-Pierre Claris, Chevalier de Florian Born at the château of Florian (Gard), 6 March, 1755; died at Sceaux, 13 September, 1794. An ...
Florians, The The Florians (Floriacenses), an altogether independent order, and not, as some consider, a branch of the ...
Florida Florida The Peninsular or Everglade State, the most southern in the American Union and second largest east ...
Florilegia Florilegia Florilegia (Lat., florilegium, an anthology) are systematic collections of excerpts (more or ...
Florus Florus A deacon of Lyons, ecclesiastical writer in the first half of the ninth century. We have no ...
Floyd, John John Floyd English missionary, wrote under the names Flud, Daniel à Jesu, Hermannus Loemelius, George ...
Fogaras Fogaras ARCHDIOCESE OF FOGARAS (FOGARASIENSIS). Archdiocese in Hungary, of the Greek-Rumanian Rite. It ...
Foggia Foggia DIOCESE OF FOGGIA (FODIANA). Diocese in the province of the same name in Apulia (Southern ...
Foillan, Saint St. Foillan ( Irish FAELAN, FAOLAN, FOELAN, FOALAN.) Represented in iconography with a crown at his ...
Folengo, Teofilo Teofilo Folengo An Italian poet, better known by his pseudonyrn MERLIN COCCALO or COCAI; b. at Mantua in 1496; ...
Foley, Henry Henry Foley Born at Astley in Worcestershire, England, 9 Aug., 1811; died at Manresa House, Roehampton, 19 ...
Foligno Foligno DIOCESE OF FOLIGNO (FULGINATENSIS). Diocese in the province of Perugia, Italy, immediately ...
Foliot, Gilbert Gilbert Foliot Bishop of London, b. early in the twelfth century of an Anglo-Norman family and connected ...
Folkestone Abbey Folkestone Abbey Folkestone Abbey -- more correctly FOLKESTONE PRIORY -- is situated in the east division of ...
Fonseca Soares, Antonio da Antonio Da Fonseca Soares (ANTONIO DAS CHAGAS). Friar Minor and ascetical writer; b. at Vidigueira, 25 June, 1631; d. at ...
Fonseca, José Ribeiro da Jose Ribeiro da Fonseca Friar Minor ; b. at Evora, 3 Dec., 1690; d. at Porto, 16 June, 1752. He was received into the ...
Fonseca, Pedro Da Pedro da Fonseca A philosopher and theologian, born at Cortizada, Portugal, 1528; died at Lisbon, 4 Nov., 1599. ...
Fontana, Carlo Carlo Fontana An architect and writer; b. at Bruciato, near Como, 1634; d. at Rome, 1714. There seems to be no ...
Fontana, Domenico Domenico Fontana A Roman architect of the Late Renaissance, b. at Melide on the Lake of Lugano, 1543; d. at ...
Fontana, Felice Felice Fontana Italian naturalist and physiologist, b. at Pomarolo in the Tyrol, 15 April, 1730; d. at Florence, ...
Fontbonne, Jeanne Jeanne Fontbonne In religion Mother St. John, second foundress and superior-general of the Sisters of St. Joseph ...
Fonte-Avellana Fonte-Avellana A suppressed order of hermits, which takes its name from their first hermitage in the Apennines. ...
Fontenelle, Abbey of Abbey of Fontenelle (Or ABBEY OF SAINT WANDRILLE). A Benedictine monastery in Normandy ...
Fontevrault, Order and Abbey of Order and Abbey of Fontevrault I. CHARACTER OF THE ORDER The monastery of Fontevrault was founded by Blessed Robert ...
Fonts, Holy Water Holy Water Fonts Vessels intended for the use of holy water are of very ancient origin, and archaeological ...
Fools, Feast of Feast of Fools A celebration marked by much license and buffoonery, which in many parts of Europe, and ...
Foppa, Ambrogio Ambrogio Foppa Generally known as CARADOSS0. Italian goldsmith, sculptor, and die sinker, b. at Mondonico in ...
Forbes, John John Forbes Capuchin, b. 1570; d. 1606. His father, John, eighth Lord Forbes, being a Protestant, and his ...
Forbin-Janson, Comte de Charles-Auguste-Marie-Joseph Comte de Forbin-Janson A Bishop of Nancy and Toul, founder of the Association of the Holy Childhood , born in Paris, ...
Forcellini, Egidio Egidio Forcellini Latin lexicographer, b. at Fener, near Treviso, Italy, 26 Aug., 1688; d. at Padua, 4 April, ...
Ford, Blessed Thomas Bl. Thomas Ford Born in Devonshire; died at Tyburn, 28 May, 1582. He incepted M.A. at Trinity College, Oxford, 14 ...
Fordham University Fordham University Fordham University developed out of Saint John's College, founded by Bishop Hughes upon the old ...
Foreman, Andrew Andrew Foreman A Scottish prelate, of good border family ; b. at Hatton, near Berwick-on-Tweed; d. 1522. His ...
Forer, Laurenz Laurenz Forer Controversialist, b. at Lucerne, 1580; d. at Ratisbon, 7 January, 1659. He entered the Society ...
Foresters, Catholic Orders of Catholic Orders of Foresters I On 30 July, 1879, some members of the St. Vincent de Paul Society of Boston, Massachusetts, ...
Forgery, Forger Forgery, Forger If we accept the definition usually given by canonists, forgery ( Latin falsum ) differs very ...
Forli Forli (FOROLIVIENSIS) Diocese in the province of Romagna (Central Italy ); suffragan of Ravenna. ...
Form Form (Latin forma; Greek eidos, morphe, he kata ton logon ousia, to ti en einai : Aristotle) ...
Formby, Henry Henry Formby Born 1816; died at Normanton Hall, Leicester, 12 March, 1884. His father, Henry Grenehalgh Formby, ...
Formosus, Pope Pope Formosus (891-896) The pontificate of this pope belongs to that era of strife for political supremacy ...
Formularies Formularies (LIBRI FORMULARUM) Formularies are medieval collections of models for the execution of ...
Forrest, William William Forrest Priest and poet; dates of birth and death uncertain. Few personal details are known of him. He ...
Forster, Fobrenius Frobenius Forster Prince-Abbot of St. Emmeram at Ratisbon, b. 30 Aug., 1709, at Königsfeld in Upper Bavaria ...
Forster, Thomas Ignatius Maria Thomas Ignatius Maria Forster Astronomer and naturalist, b. at London, 9 Nov., 1789; d. at Brussels, 2 Feb., 1860. His literary ...
Fort Augustus Abbey Fort Augustus Abbey St. Benedict's Abbey, at Fort Augustus, Inverness-shire, is at present the only monastery for ...
Fort Wayne Fort Wayne DIOCESE OF (WAYNE CASTRENSIS). The Diocese of Vincennes, Indiana, U.S.A. established in ...
Fortaleza, Diocese of Fortaleza (FORTALEXIENSIS) The Diocese of Fortaleza is co-extensive with the State of Ceará in ...
Fortescue, Blessed Adrian Bl. Adrian Fortescue Knight of St. John, martyr, b. about 1476, executed 10 July, 1539. He belonged to the Salden ...
Fortitude Fortitude (1) Manliness is etymologically what is meant by the Latin word virtus and by the Greek andreia ...
Fortunato of Brescia Fortunato of Brescia Morphologist and Minorite of the Reform of Lombardy ; b. at Brescia, 1701; d. at Madrid, ...
Fortunatus Fortunatus Venantius Honorius Clementianus Fortunatus A Christian poet of the sixth century, b. ...
Forty Hours' Devotion Forty Hours' Devotion Also called Quarant' Ore or written in one word Quarantore , is a devotion in which continuous ...
Forty Martyrs Forty Martyrs A party of soldiers who suffered a cruel death for their faith, near Sebaste, in Lesser Armenia, ...
Forum, Ecclesiastical Ecclesiastical Forum That the Church of Christ has judicial and coercive power is plain from the constitution given ...
Fossano Fossano DIOCESE OF FOSSANO (FOSSANENSIS). Fossano is a town in the province of Cuneo, in Piedmont, ...
Fossombrone Fossombrone (Forum Sempronii) DIOCESE OF FOSSOMBRONE (FOROSEMPRONIENSIS). Diocese in the province of Pesaro, Italy, a ...
Fossors Fossors (Latin fossores , fossarii from fodere , to dig). Grave diggers in the Roman ...
Foster, John Gray John Gray Foster Soldier, convert, b. at Whitfield, New Hampshire, U.S.A. 27 May, 1823; d. at Nashua, New ...
Fothad, Saint St. Fothad Surnamed NA CANOINE ("of the Canon"). A monk of Fahan-Mura, County Doneval, Ireland, at the ...
Fouard, Constant Constant Fouard An ecclesiastical writer b. at Elbeuf, near Rouen, 6 Aug. 1837; his early life was a ...
Foucault, Jean-Bertrand-Léon Jean-Bertrand-Leon Foucault A physicist and mechanician, b. at Paris, 19 Sept., 1819; d. there 11 Feb., 1868. He received ...
Foulque de Neuilly Foulque de Neuilly A popular Crusade preacher, d. March, 1202. At the end of the twelfth century he was ...
Foundation Foundation ( Latin fundatio; German Stiftung ) An ecclesiastical foundation is the making over of ...
Foundling Asylums Foundling Asylums Under this title are comprised all institutions which take charge of infants whose parents or ...
Fountains Abbey Fountains Abbey A monastery of the Cistercian Order situated on the banks of the Skell about two and a half ...
Fouquet, Jehan Jehan Fouquet (Or J EAN F OUQUET ) French painter and miniaturist, b. at Tours, c. 1415; d. about 1480. ...
Four Crowned Martyrs Four Crowned Martyrs The old guidebooks to the tombs of the Roman martyrs make mention, in connection with the ...
Four Masters, Annals of the Annals of the Four Masters The most extensive of all the compilations of the ancient annals of Ireland. They commence, ...
Fowler, John John Fowler Scholar and printer, b. at Bristol, England, 1537; d. at Namur, Flanders, 13 Feb., 1578-9. He ...
Foxe's Book of Martyrs Foxe's Book of Martyrs John Foxe was born at Boston in Lincolnshire, England, in 1516, and was educated at Magdalen ...
Fréchette, Louis-Honoré Louis-Honore Frechette Born at Notre-Dame de Lévis, P.Q., Canada, 16 November, 1839; died 30 May, 1908. He ...
Fréjus Frejus DIOCESE OF FRÉJUS (FORUM JULII). Suffragan of Aix ; comprises the whole department of ...
Fra Angelico Fra Angelico A famous painter of the Florentine school, born near Castello di Vicchio in the province of ...
Fractio Panis Fractio Panis (BREAKING OF BREAD.) The name given to a fresco in the so-called "Capella Greca" in the ...
France France The fifth in size (usually reckoned the fourth) of the great divisions of Europe. DESCRIPTIVE ...
Frances d'Amboise, Blessed Bl. Frances d'Amboise Duchess of Brittany, afterwards Carmelite nun, b. 1427; d. at Nantes, 4 Nov., 1485. The daughter ...
Frances of Rome, Saint St. Frances of Rome (Bussa di Leoni.) One of the greatest mystics of the fifteenth century; born at Rome, of a noble ...
Franceschini, Marc' Antonio Marc' Antonio Franceschini Italian painter ; b. at Bologna, 1648; d. there c. 1729; best known for the decorative works he ...
Franchi, Ausonio Ausonio Franchi The pseudonym of CRISTOFORO BONAVINO, philosopher ; b. 24 February, 1821, at Pegli, province of ...
Francia Francia (FRANCESCO RAIBOLINI) A famous Bolognese goldsmith, engraver, and artist, b. about 1450; d. in ...
Francis Borgia, Saint Francis Borgia (Spanish F RANCISCO DE B ORJA Y A RAGON ) Francis Borgia, born 28 October, 1510, was the ...
Francis Caracciolo, Saint St. Francis Caracciolo Co-founder with John Augustine Adorno of the Conregation of the Minor Clerks Regular ; b. in Villa ...
Francis de Geronimo, Saint St. Francis de Geronimo (Girolamo, Hieronymo). Born 17 December, 1642; died 11 May, 1716. His birthplace was ...
Francis de Sales, Saint St. Francis de Sales Bishop of Geneva, Doctor of the Universal Church ; born at Thorens, in the Duchy of Savoy, 21 ...
Francis I Francis I King of France ; b. at Cognac, 12 September, 1494; d. at Rambouillet, 31 March, 1547. He was the ...
Francis Ingleby, Venerable Ven. Francis Ingleby English martyr, born about 1551; suffered at York on Friday, 3 June, 1586 (old style). According ...
Francis of Assisi, Saint St. Francis of Assisi Founder of the Franciscan Order, born at Assisi in Umbria, in 1181 or 1182 -- the exact year ...
Francis of Fabriano, Blessed Bl. Francis of Fabriano Priest of the Order of Friars Minor ; b. 2 Sept., 1251; d. 22 April, 1322. His birth and ...
Francis of Paula, Saint St. Francis of Paula Founder of the Order of Minims; b. in 1416, at Paula, in Calabria, Italy ; d. 2 April, 1507, at ...
Francis of Vittoria Francis of Vittoria A Spanish theologian ; b. about 1480, at Vittoria, province of Avila, in Old Castile ; d. 12 ...
Francis Regis Clet, Blessed Bl. Francis Regis Clet A Lazarist missionary in China ; b. 1748, martyred, 18 Feb., 1820. His father was a merchant ...
Francis Solanus, Saint St. Francis Solanus South American missionary of the Order of Friars Minor ; b. at Montilla, in the Diocese of ...
Francis Xavier, Saint St. Francis Xavier Born in the Castle of Xavier near Sanguesa, in Navarre, 7 April, 1506; died on the Island of ...
Francis, Rule of Saint Rule of Saint Francis As known, St. Francis founded three orders and gave each of them a special rule. Here only the ...
Franciscan Crown Franciscan Crown ( Or Seraphic Rosary.) A Rosary consisting of seven decades in commemoration of the seven ...
Franciscan Order Franciscan Order A term commonly used to designate the members of the various foundations of religious, whether men ...
Franck, Kasper Kasper Franck A theologian and controversialist; b. at Ortrand, Saxony, 2 Nov., 1543; d. at Ingolstadt, 12 ...
Franco, Giovanni Battista Giovanni Battista Franco (Frequently known as IL SEMOLIE) Italian historical painter and etcher, b. at Udine in ...
Frank, Michael Sigismund Michael Sigismund Frank Catholic artist and rediscoverer of the lost art of glass-painting; b. 1 June, 1770, at ...
Frankenberg Graf von Frankenberg JOHANN HEINRICH, GRAF VON FRANKENBERG. Archbishop of Mechlin (Malines), Primate of ...
Frankfort, Council of Council of Frankfort Convened in the summer of 794, by the grace of God, authority of the pope, and command of ...
Frankfort-on-the-Main Frankfort-on-the-Main Frankfort-on-the-Main, formerly the scene of the election and coronation of the German emperors, ...
Franks, The The Franks The Franks were a confederation formed in Western Germany of a certain number of ancient ...
Franzelin, Johann Baptist Johann Baptist Franzelin Cardinal and theologian ; b. at Aldein, in the Tyrol, 15 April, 1816; d. at Rome, 11 Dec., ...
Frascati Frascati DIOCESE OF FRASCATI (TUSCULANA). One of the six suburbicarian (i.e. neighbouring) dioceses ...
Frassen, Claude Claude Frassen A celebrated Scotist theologian and philosopher of the Order of Friars Minor ; b. near ...
Fraternal Correction Fraternal Correction Fraternal correction is here taken to mean the admonishing of one's neighbor by a private ...
Fraticelli Fraticelli (Or F RATRICELLI ) A name given to various heretical sects which appeared in the fourteenth ...
Fraud Fraud In the common acceptation of the word, an act or course of deception deliberately practised with ...
Fraunhofer, Joseph von Joseph von Fraunhofer Optician, b. at Straubing, Bavaria, 6 March, 1787; d. at Munich, 7 June, 1826. He was the tenth ...
Frayssinous, Denis de Denis de Frayssinous 1765-1841, Bishop of Hermopolis in partibus infidelium , is celebrated chiefly for his ...
Fredegarius Fredegarius The name used since the sixteenth designate the supposed author of an anonymous historical ...
Fredegis of Tours Fredegis of Tours (Fridugisus or Fredegisus). A ninth-century monk, teacher, and writer. Fredegis was an ...
Frederick I (Barbarossa) Frederick I German King and Roman Emperor, son of Frederick of Swabia (d. 1147) and Judith, daughter of Henry ...
Frederick II Frederick II German King and Roman Emperor, son of Henry VI and Constance of Sicily; born 26 Dec., 1194; died ...
Fredoli, Berenger Berenger Fredoli Cardinal-Bishop of Frascati ; b. at Vérune, France, c. ú d. at Avignon, 11 June, ...
Free Church of Scotland Free Church of Scotland (Known since 1900 as the UNITED FREE CHURCH) An ecclesiastical organization in Scotland ...
Free Will Free Will RELATION OF THE QUESTION TO DIFFERENT BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPHY HISTORY Free Will in Ancient ...
Free-Thinkers Free-Thinkers Those who, abandoning the religious truths and moral dictates of the Christian Revelation, and ...
Freeman, Ven. William Ven. William Freeman A priest and martyr, b. at Manthorp near York, c. 1558; d. at Warwick, 13 August, 1595. His ...
Freemasonry Masonry (Freemasonry) The subject is treated under the following heads: I. Name and Definition;II. Origin and Early ...
Fregoso, Federigo Federigo Fregoso Cardinal ; b. at Genoa, about 1480; d. 22 July, 1541; belonged to the Fregosi, one of the four ...
Freiburg Freiburg City, archdiocese, and university in the Archduchy of Baden, Germany . THE CITY Freiburg in ...
Fremin, James James Fremin Jesuit missionary to the American Indians ; b. at Reims, 12 March, 1628; d. at Quebec, 2 July, ...
French Academy, The The French Academy The French Academy was founded by Cardinal de Richelieu in 1635. For several years a number of ...
French Catholics in the United States French Catholics in the United States The first Bishop of Burlington, the Right Reverend Louis de Goesbriand, in a letter dated 11 ...
French Concordat of 1801, The Concordat of 1801 This name is given to the convention of the 26th Messidor, year IX (July 16, 1802), whereby Pope ...
French Literature French Literature Origin and Foundations of the French Language When the Romans became masters of Gaul, they imposed ...
French Revolution French Revolution The last thirty years have given us a new version of the history of the French Revolution, the ...
French, Nicholas Nicholas French Bishop of Ferns, Ireland, b. at Ballytory, Co. Wexford, in 1604, his parents being John ...
Freppel, Charles-Emile Charles-Emile Freppel Born at Ober-Ehnheim, Alsace, 1 June, 1827; died at Paris, 22 Dec., 1891. He was Bishop of ...
Frequent Communion Frequent Communion Without specifying how often the faithful should communicate, Christ simply bids us eat His Flesh ...
Fresnel, Augustin-Jean Augustin-Jean Fresnel Physicist; b. at Broglie near Bernay, Normandy, 10 May, 1788; d. at Ville d'Avray, near Paris, ...
Friar Friar [From Lat. frater , through O. Fr. fredre, frere, M. E. frere; It. frate (as prefix ...
Friars Minor, Order of Order of Friars Minor (Also known as FRANCISCANS.) This subject may be conveniently considered under the following ...
Fribourg, University of University of Fribourg From the sixteenth century, the foundation of a Catholic university in Switzerland had often ...
Fridelli, Xavier Ehrenbert Xavier Ehrenbert Fridelli (Properly FRIEDEL.) Jesuit missioner and cartographer, b. at Linz, Austria, 11 March, 1673; ...
Frideswide, Saint St. Frideswide (FRIDESWIDA, FREDESWIDA, French FRÉVISSE, Old English FRIS). Virgin, patroness of ...
Fridolin, Saint St. Fridolin Missionary, founder of the Monastery of Säckingen, Baden (sixth century). In accordance with ...
Friedrich von Hausen Friedrich von Hausen (HUSEN) Medieval German poet, one of the earliest of the minnesingers; date of birth ...
Friends of God Friends of God ( German G OTTESFREUNDE ). An association of pious persons, both ecclesiastical and lay, ...
Friends, Society of Society of Friends (Quakers) The official designation of an Anglo - American religious sect originally styling themselves ...
Frigolet, Abbey of Abbey of Frigolet The monastery of St. Michael was founded, about 960, at Frigolet, by Conrad the Pacific, King ...
Fringes (in Scripture) Fringes This word is used to denote a special kind of trimming, consisting of loose threads of wool, silk, ...
Fritz, Samuel Samuel Fritz A Jesuit missionary of the eighteenth century noted for his exploration of the Amazon River and ...
Froissart, Jean Jean Froissart French historian and poet, b. at Valenciennes, about 1337, d. at sentence -->Chimay early ...
Fromentin, Eugène Eugene Fromentin French writer and artist; b. at La Rochelle, 24 October, 1820; d. at Saint-Maurice, near La ...
Frontal, Altar Altar Frontal The frontal ( antipendium, pallium altaris ) is an appendage which covers the entire front of ...
Frontenac, Louis de Baude Count Louis de Buade Frontenac A governor of New France, b. at Paris, 1622; d. at Quebec, 28 Nov., 1698. His father was captain ...
Frowin, Blessed Bl. Frowin Benedictine abbot, d. 11 March, 1178. Of the early life of Frowin nothing is known, save that he ...
Fructuosus of Braga, Saint St. Fructuosus of Braga An Archbishop, d. 16 April, c. 665. He was the son of a Gothic general, and studied in Palencia. ...
Fructuosus of Tarragona, Saint St. Fructuosus of Tarragona A bishop and martyr ; d. 21 January, 259. During the night of 16 January, he, together with ...
Fuchs, Johann Nepomuk von Johann Nepomuk Fuchs A chemist and mineralogist, b. at Mattenzell, near Bremberg, Lower Bavaria, 15 May, 1774; d. at ...
Fulbert of Chartres Fulbert of Chartres Bishop, b. between 952 and 962; d. 10 April, 1028 or 1029. Mabillon and others think that he was ...
Fulcran, Saint St. Fulcran Bishop of Lodève; d. 13 February, 1006. According to the biography which Bernard Guidonis, ...
Fulda Fulda DIOCESE OF FULDA (FULDENSIS). This diocese of the German Empire takes its name from the ...
Fulgentius Ferrandus Fulgentius Ferrandus A canonist and theologian of the African Church in the first half of the sixth century. He was ...
Fulgentius, Saint St. Fulgentius A Bishop of Ecija (Astigi), in Spain, at the beginning of the seventh century. Like his brothers ...
Fulgentius, Saint Saint Fulgentius (FABIUS CLAUDIUS GORDIANUS FULGENTIUS). Born 468, died 533. Bishop of Ruspe in the province ...
Fullerton, Lady Georgiana Charlotte Lady Georgiana Charlotte Fullerton Novelist; born 23 September, 1812, in Staffordshire, died 19 January, 1885, at Bournemouth. She ...
Fullo, Peter Peter Fullo Intruding Monophysite Patriarch of Antioch ; d. 488. He received the Greek surname Gnapheus ...
Fumo, Bartolommeo Bartolommeo Fumo A theologian, b. at Villon near Piacenza ; d. 1545. At an early age he entered the Dominican ...
Funchal Funchal (FUNCHALENSIS.) Diocese in the Madeira Islands. Both in neo-Latin and in Portuguese the name ...
Fundamental Articles Fundamental Articles This term was employed by Protestant theologians to distinguish the essential parts of the ...
Funeral Dues Funeral Dues The canonical perquisites of a parish priest receivable on the occasion of the funeral of any of ...
Funeral Pall Funeral Pall A black cloth usually spread over the coffin while the obsequies are performed for a deceased ...
Funk, Franz Xaver von Franz Xaver von Funk Church historian, b. in the small market town of Abtsgemünd in Würtemberg, 12 October, ...
Furness Abbey Furness Abbey Situated in the north of Lancashire about five miles from the town of Ulverston. Originally a ...
Furni Furni A titular see in Proconsular Africa, where two towns of this name are known to have existed. One ...
Furniss, John John Furniss A well-known children's missioner, born near Sheffield, England, 19 June, 1809; at Clapham, ...
Fursey, Saint St. Fursey An Abbot of Lagny, near Paris, d. 16 Jan., about 650. He was the son of Fintan, son of Finloga, ...
Fussola Fussola A titular see in Numidia. It was a fortified town, inhabited for the most part by Donatists ...
Fust, John John Fust ( Or FAUST.) A partner of Gutenberg in promoting the art of printing, d. at Paris about ...
Fytch, William Benedict William Benedict Fytch An English Franciscan friar ot the Capuchin Reform, whose family name was Filch; b. at ...

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